Modulating the Stress Axis and Cellular Thermotolerance in Shami Goat Bucks: Dietary Ginseng Powder as a Strategy to Enhance Climatic Resilience | ||
| مجله علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران | ||
| Volume 22, Issue 164, 1404, Pages 194-205 PDF (397.57 K) | ||
| Document Type: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| DOI: 10.48311/fsct.2026.118563.83008 | ||
| Author | ||
| Heba A Abd-Alsalam Alsalame* | ||
| College of Health and medical techniques ,Al-Zahrawi University , Karbala, Iraq. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The Shami goat breed represents an economically important livestock resource in the Middle East, yet environmental stressors and intensive management systems can compromise reproductive performance through dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), recognized for its adaptogenic properties, has shown promise in modulating stress responses and cellular protective mechanisms. This study investigated the effects of dietary ginseng powder supplementation on cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90), and reproductive performance parameters in Shami goat bucks. Twenty-four mature Shami bucks (2-3 years old, 45-55 kg body weight) were randomly allocated to four treatment groups (n=6 per group): control (basal diet), and three ginseng supplementation levels (1, 2, and 3 g/kg diet) for 90 days. Blood samples were collected bi-weekly for hormonal and HSP analysis. Semen quality, testicular measurements, and libido scores were evaluated throughout the experimental period. Ginseng supplementation demonstrated dose-dependent effects on HPA axis regulation. The 2 g/kg treatment group showed significantly reduced serum cortisol (32.4 ± 2.1 ng/mL vs. 48.7 ± 3.4 ng/mL in control, P < 0.01) and ACTH levels (28.6 ± 1.8 pg/mL vs. 42.3 ± 2.9 pg/mL in control, P < 0.01). HSP70 expression increased by 47% (P < 0.05) while HSP90 showed moderate elevation (23%, P<0.05) in the optimal treatment group. Sperm concentration improved from 2.8 ± 0.3 × 10⁹/mL (control) to 3.9 ± 0.2 × 10⁹/mL (2 g/kg group, P < 0.01), with corresponding improvements in motility (68.4 ± 3.2% vs. 79.8 ± 2.1%, P<0.01) and morphology. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Panax ginseng; adaptogen; cortisol; stress physiology; semen quality; goat breeding; sustainable production | ||
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