Karimy, Mahmood, Karimy, Mahmood, Niknami, Shamsaddin, Hidarnia, Alireza, Hajizadeh, Ebrahim, Shamsi, Mohsen (2025). Personal Attitudes, Risk Perception and Perceived Vulnerability toward Water Pipe Smoking among Male Students in Zarandieh. , 1(2), 47-59.
Mahmood Karimy; Mahmood Karimy; Shamsaddin Niknami; Alireza Hidarnia; Ebrahim Hajizadeh; Mohsen Shamsi. "Personal Attitudes, Risk Perception and Perceived Vulnerability toward Water Pipe Smoking among Male Students in Zarandieh". , 1, 2, 2025, 47-59.
Karimy, Mahmood, Karimy, Mahmood, Niknami, Shamsaddin, Hidarnia, Alireza, Hajizadeh, Ebrahim, Shamsi, Mohsen (2025). 'Personal Attitudes, Risk Perception and Perceived Vulnerability toward Water Pipe Smoking among Male Students in Zarandieh', , 1(2), pp. 47-59.
Karimy, Mahmood, Karimy, Mahmood, Niknami, Shamsaddin, Hidarnia, Alireza, Hajizadeh, Ebrahim, Shamsi, Mohsen Personal Attitudes, Risk Perception and Perceived Vulnerability toward Water Pipe Smoking among Male Students in Zarandieh. , 2025; 1(2): 47-59.

Personal Attitudes, Risk Perception and Perceived Vulnerability toward Water Pipe Smoking among Male Students in Zarandieh

Health Education and Health Promotion
Article 5, Volume 1, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 47-59    PDF (348.47 K)
Authors
Mahmood Karimy1; Mahmood Karimy1; Shamsaddin Niknami* 2; Alireza Hidarnia2; Ebrahim Hajizadeh3; Mohsen Shamsi4
1Faculty of health, Department of Public Health, Saveh school of medical science, Saveh, Iran
2Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
4Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
Abstract
Aim: Tobacco use is one of the major causes of death worldwide and the most preventable risk factor of the coronary heart disease. The purpose of this study was to determine attitudes, risk perception and perceived vulnerability toward to water pipe (WP) smoking among male students in Zarandieh city of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 400 male adolescents in 2011-2012. A multiple-stage sampling protocol was used. The participants completed a self-report questionnaire about demographics, knowledge, attitude and beliefs about WP smoking and their tobacco use background. Data were analyzed by SPSS16. Findings: The prevalence of WP smoking was 72 (18%). Also 50% of participants believed water pipe smoking is less harmful compared to cigarettes. The mean score of knowledge, attitude, and risk perception for non smokers was higher from smokers (knowledge 4.9±2.1, attitude 19.5±4.3 and risk perception 18.6±3.3 versus 3.4±1.5, 15.6±5.5 and 15.4±4.3 respectively), whereas smokers reported a fairly high level of perceived stress and depression (perceived vulnerability). Conclusion: Noticing the side effects of tobacco use and the high prevalence of incorrect perceived WP smoking beliefs among students, provision of educational programs for the correction of the beliefs of students regarding WP smoking is recommended.
Keywords
Attitude; water pipe; Smoking; perceived risk; Vulnerability
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