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Endostatin suppresses growth and progression of many tumors through binding to endothelial cell surface and extracellular matrix proteins like integrin, heparin, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and transglutaminase-2. There is an arginine rich motif on the surface of endostatin that is essential for binding to some of aforementioned proteins. It has been shown that a 27 amino acid peptide derived from amino terminal of endostatin responsible for its anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities and mutation of histidines bound to Zn significantly reduce its activity. In the present study, as regards the importance of Zn-binding loop in amino terminal and arginine 27 in carboxyl terminal, peptides corresponding to this region and a mutated variant including isoleusin 26 to arginine mutation synthesized and their structure and interaction with matrix metalloproteinase-2 and transglutaminase-2 analyzed using fluorescence spectroscopy, molecular dynamic and docking simulation techniques. This study aimed to analyze effect of placing two positively charged arginines on the structure and interaction of this fragment of endostatin. Results showed that placing two arginines close together in the carboxyl terminal of peptide increases fluctuations in total structure of peptide, alters Zn-binding loop in the amino terminal and makes binding energy of peptide to matrix metalloproteinase-2 and transglutaminase-2 more negative. It can be inferred that repulsion of two positively charged arginines in carboxyl terminal induces conformational changes in the whole structure and in the amino terminal loop region.

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The sensitivity of the text of the Qur'an requires careful evaluation of its translation. Such evaluation requires a scientific basis and a comprehensive model. In recent years, evaluators have used Translation evaluation models in evaluation of Quran translation, but those models are not designed to criticize the translation of a sacred text. Given the specific features of the Qur'an, its translation evaluation requires a distinctive and indigenous model. In order to design such a model, it is necessary to examine the models presented in translation studies. To this end, this paper studies the Garces’ model and its efficiency in evaluating the translation of the Qur'an. For this purpose, present paper evaluates the TT-oriented translation of Makarem and looks for efficient and inefficient components of the Garces’ model and its advantages and disadvantages. This study shows that the components of definition, expansion, Transposition, Modulation Explanation, creative expansion, inappropriate expression in TT, elaboration, and Variation in the use of rhetorical figures are the most efficient components in evaluating of Quran translation. On the other hand, Suppression of committed subject, Suppression of marginal text and Moderation in conversational expressions are inefficient and the other components have little efficiency. The advantages of the Garces’ model are its multilevel and minimized components, as well as its special attention to the rhetorical figures. The disadvantages of this model are the general division of the components into positive and negative, regardless of their necessity, some components interference, and the lack of components for discursive cohesion.

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There is a close relationship between stylistics and literary criticism. Many works of criticism are based on data analyses of stylistic studies, and analyzing status of the two fields—literary criticism and stylistics—couldpave the way for better classification of them.Through a content analysis of the two scholarly journals, Bahar-e Adab—proseand poetry stylistic studies—and Literary Criticism published in 2010, I have tried to show the relation between different aspects of the two fields in the previous decade in Iran. Both quantitative and qualitative indicators have been taken into consideration in this study. Quantitative indicators cover theoretical and practical domains. Qualitative indicators have been chosen according to a fewbasic questions on stylistics and literary criticism: have the articles on literary criticism transformed from descriptive nature into analytic one? Is critical thinking dominant in all studies? Do articles on stylistics consider works as representations of individuality of their author? The article concludes that, although the studies on stylistics and criticism, which in some cases follow the same academic or social discourse, seems to have correlation, there are some differences between the two fields. For example, when it comes to selecting texts, critics mostly tend to choose prose fiction while experts in stylistics prefer poetry. Impartial and independent theories and approaches are more widespread in literary criticism articles than in works of stylistics. Stylistic studies, on the other hand, are not independent. Most articles on criticism have passed descriptive mode and are closer to their expected form, i.e. analyses of the data. The number of articles on stylistics that clearly consider style as representation of the author’s personality or consider repetition of stylistic features as a deviation from standard rules is about half of the total number of the articles.

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Indefiniteness is a very common phenomena in Arabic texts, especially the Holy Quran, and has various meanings. Awareness of these meanings is essential for the translator and helps him/her to convey the meaning correctly. By using descriptive-analytical method, this paper has tried to point out the meanings hidden in indefinite words and criticize its representation in six different Persian translations (translation of Tafsir al-Tabari, the 10th century AH Quran, Elahi Qomshei, Ansari, Rezaei Esfahani and Safavi) of Surah Al-Baqarah. The results indicate that although the translators have, in some cases, succeeded in representing the indefiniteness of the words of the original text in their translations and in this respect, Rezaei Esfahani has the best and Elahi Qomshei the worst performance, the total performance of the six translations is not such that it can be considered as appropriate and successful. Some of the cases that indicate this poor performance of translators are: 1. Reflecting the indefiniteness of the word and not reflecting its meaning; 2. Discarding the indefinite in some syntactic functions such as Haal; 3. Not paying attention to a word that is used in a phrase (verse) both as indefinite and definite; 4. Insufficient attention to the indefinite word that is mentioned twice in a phrase; 5. Reflecting the indefiniteness of a word and the lack of representation of this feature in another word that are joined by coordinating conjunctions.
 

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The allelopathic potential of the foliage tissues of eight barley cultivars was investigated using seedlings bioassays of Indian brown mustard (Brassica juncea) and green foxtail (Setaria viridis) as typical broadleaf and grass weeds of the croplands. The correlations of allelochemical compounds with seed germination of weeds were determined. The barley cultivars used were Jackson, Bronco, CDC Dolly, B1602, Harrington, UNA80, Stander, and TR251. Three dilutions of the extracts of each barley cultivar (20, 10 and 5 g/L) plus deionized distilled water, as a control, were assayed on the target weeds. The effects of barley cultivars and extract concentrations on seed germination and radicle and shoot lengths of the target weed seeds were highly significant (P<0.001). By increasing the con-centration of the allelopathic extracts, the percent germination, radicle and shoot lengths of both target plants seedlings decreased. Seed germination and seedling growth of B. juncea were more sensitive than those of S. viridis. Relative to the germination inhibition of target weed seeds in comparison to the untreated control, the selected barley cultivars were categorized as being highly allelopathic, moderately allelopathic and of low allelo-pathic potential. Among the phenolic compounds detected, the cumulative effect of four small-quantity-compounds (vanillic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids) on aver-age weed germination was very high (R2 = 0.83), with B. juncea it was high (R2 = 0.70) and with S. viridis it was very low (R2 = 0.15). The two high concentration phenolic compounds of protocatechuic and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, when accumulated with the small-quantity phenolic compounds of barley cultivars, reduced the weed seeds germination correlation to r=- 0.11.

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Proper nouns are one of the most important cultural categories in any language. This importance is felt more in some texts, such as the Holy Quran because of its features, especially when such texts are translated into another language. Previous studies in the field of translation of proper nouns have been mainly related to the reflection of such nouns in fiction and novels, and not much attention has been paid to the reflection of proper names in Quran translations, particularly Persian translations. In the present study, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method, we have tried to study the reflection of Quranic proper nouns (with the focus on Surah al-Baqarah) in six Persian translations: Translation of Tafsir al-Tabari, the 10th century A.H. Translation, Elahi Qomshei, Ansari, Rezaei Esfahani and Safavi, and to show what strategies these translations have used in translating Quranic proper nouns. In this regard, we have placed proper nouns under seven groups, and identified fourteen strategies, which some of them are adapted from previous studies in the field of translating proper nouns, and some of them are a combination of two independent strategies. The research results show that the three main strategies of the six translations in dealing with proper nouns are: "Replacement by a noun from the target language", "Transference (without any change or with a slight change)" and "translation".
 

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Through a survey conducted in West Azarbaijan province, northwestern Iran in 2022, infested fruits of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Elaeagnaceae) were collected. Anarsia eleagnella Kuznetsov, 1957 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) was obtained from laboratory rearing. A parasitic wasp was collected in the rearing container that was identified under Hyssopus geniculatus (Hartig, 1838) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). This parasitoid is a primary ectoparasitoid and a new record of H. geniculatus on A. eleagnella. Also, the association of H. geniculatus with E. angustifolia and the family Elaeagnaceae is new. Notes on the diagnostic characters of H. geniculatus are provided and illustrations of A. eleagnella and H. geniculatus are presented. The feeding behaviour of A. eleagnella larvae is preliminarily studied. Finally, the colour variations of the collected H. geniculatus specimens compared to the published literature are discussed.

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Hot wire Anemometer (CTA) can be used to measure instantaneous flow velocity with high frequency. Since the principle of opearation of CTA is based on convective cooling, determination of the air flow direction is difficult. In this Research paper, we have used two cylindrical hot-film sensors placed in parallel to determine the flow direction. The wake effect and the heat due to the upstream sensor on the downstream sensor has been used to identity the flow direction. Effect of wake and presence of the upstream sensor on the downstream sensor has been studied. The results have been used to construct a probe consisting of two parallel sensors, sepereated by 1mm distance. Performance of the probe has been evaluated at various flow angles for laminar and turbulant flows. Findings of this study show that this probe provides the best performance at ±10 flow angles.

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The first and second policy of the Policies of Resistance Economy point to the special importance of the performance of knowledge-based companies as a basis for utilizing the capacity of human capital and entrepreneurship development in the country.The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of internal marketing on the performance of knowledge-based companies located in Hamadan Science and Technology Park with the role of market orientation. The research was an applied and a field research. The statistical population consisted of all knowledge-based company's employees located in Hamadan Science and Technology Park. The sample size was 195 people. The research variables were measured using a standard questionnaire. The results of structural equation analysis with PLS software showed that internal marketing directly influenced firm performance by 14%, internal marketing by 81% influenced market orientation and market orientation influenced firm performance by 71%. In general, it can be concluded that internal marketing has a 57% indirect effect on firm performance with a mediating role of market orientation. Therefore, corporate executives should be aware that improving the performance of companies depends on attention to the employees and the company's customers by improving internal marketing and market orientation. The contribution of the present research confirms the importance of linking human resource management, as internal marketing, with external marketing, as focusing on market orientation, in the success of knowledge-based companies.

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Today, more than ever, consumers are searching for authenticity. One of the valuable features of brand authenticity is that consumers are willing to pay primum price for products that they think are authentic. Authenticity has emerged as a consumer favorite feature that reflects a brand's sense of uniqueness, realism, or originality, helping marketers differentiate their brands from competitors. The present study examines the antecedents of brand authenticity and its impact on word of mouth (WOM). Consumers of Tavazeh nuts brand in Tehran constitute the statistical population of this research. 372 people were selected as the sample by available sampling method. Data were collected through a standard questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and its validity was assessed by first-order and second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). SPSS24 software was used for descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM) with LISREL 8.8 software was used to test the hypotheses. The results of testing the hypotheses showed that brand nostalgia, brand heritage, brand legitimacy and brand clarity have a positive and significant effect on brand authenticity. Also, brand authenticity has a positive and significant effect on word of mouth (WOM).

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Background: The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a growing global public health concern due to the significant morbidity and mortality associated with infections caused by these bacteria. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of class I integron in CRE isolates collected from patients in teaching hospitals affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (MAZUMS).
Materials & Methods: A total of 100 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were collected during March 2022 to March 2023 from MAZUMS teaching hospitals using a consecutive sampling technique. The isolates were distinguished using standard microbiological methods. The antibiotic resistance of the isolated strains to carbapenem was subsequently detected using antibiotic discs including imipenem and meropenem. Using the disc diffusion method, 73 carbapenem-resistant isolates were identified and subsequently investigated by genetic analysis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Findings: Among the 73 carbapenem-resistant isolates, the most commonly found bacterial isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae (39.72%), Escherichia coli (30.13%), and Serratia rubidaea (12.32%), respectively. Also, 100% of the isolates were resistant to meropenem, while these isolates showed lower resistance to imipenem (70%). Also, out of the 73 isolates, 64.38% were positive for the intI1 gene. K. pneumoniae isolates had the highest prevalence of the intI1 gene (89.65%).
Conclusion: The prevalence of class I integron among patients in MAZUMS educational hospitals is relatively high, exceeding 50%. Therefore, it is crucial to implement effective infection prevention measures and identify this gene in hospitals to hinder the rapid dissemination of these hazardous organisms.

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Objective: CREB1 is an important downstream protein for many signaling pathways. By designing efficient siRNAs against CREB1, it may be possible to assess the role of molecules involved in signaling pathways in different cell types. In this research the efficiency of CREB1 knockdown by two different siRNAs in K562 cells has been studied. Materials and Methods: siRNAs have been designed according to the criteria suggested by Reynolds et al. K562 cells were transfected by siRNA using Lipofectamine 2000. The efficiency of CREB knockdown has been assessed by quantitative relative Real-time PCR. Results: Our results have shown that only one of the siRNAs has a high level of inhibitory effect on CREB1 gene expression. The expression of CREB1 by this siRNA was knocked-down by 87% in K562 cells. Conclusion: In this research, although two siRNAs were designed according to the Reynolds et al. criteria, only one showed an inhibitory effect. Reasons other than the aforementioned criteria may be involved in effectiveness of siRNAs.

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To meet excellency and to do continuous improvement are among the main challenges for modern organizations to live in competitive market. Excellency models help organizations to satisfy essential needs of society and customers in the best possible way. To compare themselves with their competitors, organizations need to have well organized and reliable procedure in hand to make decisions based on this comparison. In this paper, first, the Excellency models were stndied and then auto maker companies were ranked on Excellency level using PROMRTHEE method. The main goals of this paper were: recognition of the Excellency level of auto maker companies, ranking them using PROMETHEE method and finally introducing this method as one of the powerful multi attribute decision making methods for future applications.

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In the present study, the goldfish kisspeptin peptide was synthesized using the solid phase synthesis method according to the nucleotide sequence of the goldfish (Carassius auratus) kiss1 gene. Next, an acetyl group was added to the amino group of Tyr1 to increase the biological activity. The synthesized peptide (referred to as ACKiss1) was purified by RP-HPLC and its structure was confirmed using electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. To determine the biological activity, ACKiss1, native Kiss1 and commercial GnRH hormone were injected to goldfish, some important parameters of the reproductive physiology were studied. Kiss1 and ACKiss1 were injected with a dosage of 100 μg/kg fish body weight and GnRH was injected with dosages of 100 and 200 μg/kg body weight. 6 hours after injection, blood was taken from the caudal vein and sex hormones were measured in plasma. 24 hours after injection, reproductive indices were measured in a series of fish. In another series of fish, 24 hours after injection, ovarian and brain tissues were separated for histological studies and expression of the reproductive-related genes (cyp19b, gpr54a, and kiss1). The results revealed that significant changes in biochemical parameters and gene expression were recorded in both brain tissue samples and ovarian tissue in ACKISS1 treatment. It was also found in ovarian histology that under the influence of kisspeptin and GnRH, the number of mature oocytes increased significantly.
 

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Changing gender is one of the important subjects, which is of great significance in medicine and law. Although, these subjects were existed in the past, owing to the development of technology and medical science, it has recently improved a lot. Nowadays, according to the view of Islamic Jurisprudents and in the most legal systems, this action will be quite lawful provided that the doctors recognize its effects of this action should be considered. One of these effects would be the relationship of couples with each other. For instance, does the contract of marriage will be remind or cancelled? What will happen to the dower (the money that hausband is obliged to give to his wife)? What about the waiting period (Iddah), inheritance, guardianship, custody and…. Generally, in a contract that the kind of gender has not role, changing gender has no effect. But, in a contract that the kind of gender play a fundamental role, it will be cancelled from the moment that it has been changed, and does not have any effect on the previous acquired rights.

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Objective: Amphotericin B (AmB) is an ancient antifungal drug and proper for treatment of systemic fungal infection. Unfortunately, this antibiotic has shown some side effects such as nephrotoxicity. Therefore, recently new AmB formulated has been prepared for reduced toxicity and increased effectiveness. Materials and Methods: AmB nanocapsules prepared from polymers such as poly D, L-lactide-co-glycolide by means of a solvent displacement technique. Then, the dried nanocapsules prepared by using SiO2 and entrapment efficacy of AmB was measured by spectrophotometry technique. The MICs of these nanocapsules to Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) was also determined by using microdilution method. Then, in vitro toxicity (haemolysis) of the AmB- loaded nanocapsules determined on human red blood cells. Results: The data shows AmB entrapment efficacy for nanocapsules were 75% ± 0.13. The MICs of AmB-loaded nanocapsules against C. albicans tested were significantly reduced compared to that of free antibiotic. Also, the AmB-loaded nanocapsules found to be 5.89 times less toxic than free AmB on human red blood cells. Conclusion: The results suggest that prepared AmB-loaded nanocapsules in this research may be an appropriate delivery system for AmB to be used in the treatment of fungal infections.

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