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Showing 2 results for قذافی
Volume 1, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Citing the "Annual Report of Fragile States Index" provided by the "Peace Fund" from 2006 to 2023, this article argues that Libya was not an example of a failed state at the time of state collapse. Although all governments in the world have a degree of weakness and incapability in providing and realization of their main tasks, Libya's rank during Gaddafi period, compared to other countries, was not a rank that could be considered as an example of a fragile state. The necessity of reforming the produced literature provoked the writer to seek an answer to the question of why the post-Gaddafi government of Libya has moved towards a collapsed government. Prioritizing domestic reasons for this issue over regional and international ones, this article argues that; the government's inability in exclusive use of power; the political role of Islamists in Libyan government; the role of Libyan former officials in the new government; terrorist groups with an Islamist approach such as ISIS and Al-Qaeda; the role of Islam in the laws and political and social life of the country; disagreement over the types of political governmental structure; disputes related to the electoral system; ways of allocating the seats of the National Congress to the representatives and the methods of choosing a new body to draft the constitution, are the most important reasons why the Libyan government is moving towards a "collapsed state".
Volume 2, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
The political and social unrest that began with protests in Tunisia and quickly spread across North Africa also brought about rapid changes in Libya’s political landscape. Although these protests resulted in the overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi’s regime in 2011, the chaos did not end there. Libya descended into a period of political instability and armed conflict. During this turbulent time, the Muslim Brotherhood emerged as one of the key political and social actors. In the post-Gaddafi era, the Brotherhood exploited the absence of a strong centralized authority and benefited from foreign support, particularly from Qatar and Turkey. They expanded their influence by establishing the Justice and Construction Party, which initially achieved success in early elections. However, competition with nationalist and secular forces curtailed its political gains. With Turkish military backing, the Muslim Brotherhood openly supported the Government of National Accord during the second wave of conflict in 2014. Conversely, the Libyan National Army (LNA), led by Khalifa Haftar and supported by regional states opposed to the Brotherhood—such as the UAE, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia—targeted the group through both political and military means, intensifying the conflict.