Showing 5 results for sistani
Marziyeh Salehi Siavashani, Ruhollah Nakhai sistani, Alireza Panahi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (1-2023)
Abstract
Aim: Multiple sclerosis is important in Iran because of its high prevalence and low age of onset. It exerts a large burden on affected people and the health care system. Studies have shown that the genetic content of humans has a critical role in MS. The histocompatibility loci which their products present the foreign antigenic peptides for detection by lymphocytes are of MS associated genetic elements. In this study, the association of HLA-DQB1*03 with MS was studied in Tehran, using a PCR-based system.
Methods: In this case-control study, a total of 367 blood samples were collected from 172 patients and 195 healthy people. Both groups were similar in age and gender. Blood DNA was extracted, and PCR technique was used to identify the presence of the allele.
Results: In this study, the HLA-DQB1*03 allele in men was significantly higher than that of women (p = 0.002). Also, the allele was less frequent in patients than in healthy subjects (53% versus 67%), and this difference is significant (p = 0.02).
Conclusions: The DQB1*03 allele is significantly lower in patients with MS than in healthy people, and this relationship is more pronounced in male subjects. Therefore, it seems that this allele plays a protective role against MS disease.
Volume 15, Issue 4 (2-2013)
Abstract
Objective: Different signaling pathways have been identified that are involved in the cellular response to opiates. The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway is one of the most important signaling pathways underlying the neuronal response to opiates. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered to be post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression with paramount significance, which plays key roles in modulating cellular processes such as neuronal plasticity and synaptic consolidation. The purpose of this study is to identify miRNAs that are differentially expressed in response to chronic morphine treatment, and predict those genes that have a possible role in this process. Because the MAPK pathway in involved in morphine dependence and participates in hypersensitivity to pain, determining miRNAs that modulate this pathway could be insightful in morphine dependence treatment and pain control.
Methods: In this study, the BE(2)-C neuroblastoma cell line was chronically treated with morphine sulphate and the changes in expression of 750 miRNAs were analyzed by real time PCR.
Results: Two up- and down- regulated groups of miRNAs were determined to be differentially expressed in response to morphine: i) has-mir-193a-3p, -212, -181c, -362-3p, -639, -646 and ii) has-mir-412, -937, -558, -552, -943, -628-5p, -593, -555, -636, -643, 566, -571, -642, -653, -611, -31, let7-g.
Conclusion: The analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs showed that the MAPK signaling pathway could be regarded as a signaling pathway with utmost significance in chronic morphine response. Due to the role played by MAPK pathway in cellular response to morphine exposure, we can propose that protein phosphorylation has a presumable part in this response.
Volume 16, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
In last decades, most of the famous seismic design codes, had concentrated mainly on far field earthquakes. Generally no special requirements were introduced to minimize near fault earthquake effects. Near field ground motions have caused several structural damages in recent decades, causing seismic codes to be updated with related requirements. As a result, it seems necessary to evaluate domestic seismic design codes and their requirements to see their effectiveness in designing safe structures against near fault earthquakes. In this paper seismic behavior of concentrically braced frames (CBFs) designed based on different seismic design codes is comparatively studied. Various Frames of different heights, (5, 8 and 12 stories), and bracing types (X-bracing and inverted V bracing) are designed based on the Iranian seismic code (standard no.2800) and also taking into account the near fault requirements of AISC-ASD 89 and UBC-97. These frames are analyzed using a nonlinear time history analysis method, namely “Incremental Dynamic Analysis” (IDA) under near field ground motions. IDA is an emerging method in analysis of structures which allows estimating seismic capacity, limit states and demand via series of nonlinear dynamic analyses using multiple scaled ground motion records. A total of 15 near filed time histories are selected according to special characteristics namely: fault distance to site (less than 10 km), fault direction, earthquake moment magnitude, time history frequency content, time history velocity content, shear wave velocity in the site soil and near fault wave’s pulse nature. The 15 selected earthquake time histories were scaled in several steps. To achieve a more accurate point for yielding point of the frames, 0.1g steps were used in the initial elastic region. On other important step was to select proper intensity measure and damage measure. According to FEMA-350 requirements, the maximum inter story drift was selected as damage measure. For selecting a proper intensity measure, four intensity measures were selected and compared together, namely: first mode spectral acceleration , first mode spectral velocity , peak ground acceleration PGA and the equivalent first n modes spectral acceleration. Among them, first mode spectral acceleration showed the least dispersion in the analysis results. Finally, all the 20 frames designed were analyzed using the 15 time histories selected in multiple steps and IDA curves were extracted. Using FEMA requirements the points corresponding to 2 performance levels namely IO and CP were defined on summarized IDA curves using which it was possible to compare the performance of the frames. The results of this paper imply that frames designed based on the near field seismic design criteria of UBC-97 have better performance under near-field earthquakes comparing to others. It can be concluded that the requirements of the Iranian seismic code should be updated according to the effects of near fault earthquakes. Besides, frames with X-bracing system showed better performance in comparison with chevron ones. Also the deficiencies in the seismic requirements of the domestic codes are more obvious while designing taller frames and moving from 5 story frames to 12 story ones, their seismic performance obviously deteriorate.
Volume 19, Issue 127 (September 2022)
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots are a new generation of carbon nanoparticles that have good potential for food analysis and packaging due to their unique properties such as excellent fluorescence properties, easy synthesis, good biocompatibility, large functional groups, and low toxicity. Today, carbon quantum dots have replaced semiconductor quantum dots due to their non-toxicity. The use of carbon dots in packaging materials due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial and barrier properties increases product shelf life, reduces the growth of microorganisms, improves mechanical properties, the barrier against gases, UV light blocker, and reduces food waste. This paper aims to get acquainted with carbon quantum dots and synthesis methods and study their optical properties. Then, the principles of fluorescence sensor design, including the mechanism of fluorescence quenching and recovery and their application in food samples to detect food additives, pathogens, antibiotic residues, insecticides, heavy metals, and nutrients will be examined. Finally, the use of carbon dots in improved, active, intelligent and bio-packaging will then be discussed.
Volume 20, Issue 4 (12-2018)
Abstract
Objective: Morphine and its derivatives are well-known for their strong analgesic effects in medicine. However, their medical long-term administration is severely restricted because of tolerance and dependence. Morphine fails to induce endocytosis of Mu opioid receptors whereas other encephalin analogues such as DAMGO induce rapid endocytosis of these receptors. Repeated use of opioid drugs alters gene expressions. In current study, we analyze the effects of long-term opioid treatment on Dnm1L and Rab22a genes.
Methods: HEK293 cell lines that expressed MOP receptors were treated separately with morphine, methadone, and DAMGO. mRNAs were extracted from the cell suspension and we amplified the cDNA. Next, we analyzed Dnm1L and Rab22a gene expressions compared to control samples by qRT-PCR. Results were statistically validated by Graph Pad software.
Results: Amplification graphs from qRT-PCR showed that Dnm1L gene expression was induced by 2.37-fold, whereas Rab22a gene expression decreased by 0.39-fold in response to long-term treatment of cells with morphine compared to control samples. Dnm1L gene expression was not significantly affected by treatment with methadone and DAMGO. Rab22a gene expression decreased by 0.41-fold with methadone treatment and by 0.45-fold in response to DAMGO treatment.
Conclusion: The Dnm1L gene could be involved in cellular pathways of morphine-induced tolerance which would indicate the difference between morphine and other similar Mu opioid receptor agonists.
