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Showing 16 results for savari


Volume 2, Issue 1 (Spring 2018)
Abstract

Aim: Most scientists are trying to treat cancer, and in this regard were produced numerous anticancer drugs, that adverse effects on non-target tissue. To overcome this, drugs freight to magnetic nanoparticles Chitosan and its carboxymethyl secondary coumpands are biopolymers that are non-toxic, biodegradable therefore found applications in biomedical field. We explain here that glycerol monooleate covered magnetic nanoparticles (GMO-MNPs) capable of transporting hydrophobic anticancer drugs. Method: In the present study, we have expanded 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) that loaded on chitosan MNPs for targeted cancer therapy. Results: The modified nano-adsorbent was then characterized by Fourier Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis of CHN (9) and thermal weighing analysis (TGA). Lab conditions such as pH, contact time were optimized. To analyze the structure of the sample, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy was used to investigate the magnetic properties of the nanosized particles synthesized by the magnetometer and to detect the phase type formed on the monolayer glycerol matrix network using a polarizing light microscope. Also, the study showed essential oil release in the external environment of 90% for 30 hours. Conclusion: The optimized magnetic nanoparticles according to SEM image, exhibited segregated nanoparticles with sub-spherical smooth morphology and also the high thermal stability of 5-Fluorouracil nanoparticles which indicated a well-established structure of nanoparticles.

Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2017)
Abstract

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium and a part of the natural microflora of gastrointestinal tract in human body. K. pneumoniae has been known as one of the most common cause of nosocomial infections and multi-drug resistance pathogen. The aims of this study was to examine the detection of antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic relatedness among K. pneumoniae strains isolated from hospitals in Borujerd in western Iran using Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)–PCR technique.
Materials and Methods: A total of 100 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from Borujerd hospitals from April to September 2015. After detection and confirmation of K. pneumoniae isolates by conventional laboratory methods and differential tests, antibiotic susceptibility was detected by disk diffusion method. Also, genetic relatedness of 34 selected MDR K. pneumoniae isolates were investigated by ERIC - PCR technique.
Results: Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that among K. pneumoniae isolates, the highest antibiotic resistance was observed in ampicillin (91%) and the highest susceptibility was detected in imipenem (5.5%). More than 45% of isolates showed multi resistant phenotypes. Based on ERIC-PCR results, 31 different ERIC types were detected.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the increase of multi resistance K. pneumoniae in hospitals under study. The results of ERIC PCR showed high genetic diversity among K. pneumoniae strains, which indicated the poly clonal distribution of K. pneumoniae isolates in Borujerd hospitals.

Volume 6, Issue 2 (Summer 2022)
Abstract

Abstract
Research subject: The combustion of fossil fuels to supply energy produces large amounts of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide emissions have led to rising global temperature and many natural disasters, including floods, hurricanes, rising sea levels, and widespread droughts, that threaten ecological systems and human life. Therefore, the uptake and removal of carbon dioxide from sources or the environment play a key role in countering the threat of global warming.
Research approach: In this study, a venturi scrubber was utilized to eliminate CO2 from the air stream on a semi-industrial scale. The effects of different parameters including inlet air flow rate to the venturi scrubber, solvent flow rate, and solvent loss during the scrubbing process were investigated on CO2 absorption by a nanofluid solvent containing iron oxide/water at the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) as a surface-active material.
Main results: The surface-active material of TMAH prevents the agglomeration of nanoparticles in the base fluid and stabilizes the fluid. The maximum efficiency of absorption and the highest molar flux of CO2 were achieved when iron oxide nanoparticles were used along with graphene nanosheets with the ratios of iron oxide nanoparticles (25%) and graphene nanosheets (75%) at the presence of TMAH surface-active material due to their nature. The reason is the better agitation (of the solution) by iron oxide nanoparticles that results in an increased displacement of graphene nanosheets. The random Brownian movements of nanoparticles create micron size eddies that increase mass transfer at the gas-liquid interface. In addition, molar flux and CO2 gas absorption efficiency decreased by increasing the concentration of nanoparticles.
Keywords: Hybrid nanofluid; Venturi scrubber; Gas absorption; Iron oxide nanoparticles; Graphene nanosheets



Volume 6, Issue 4 (Fall 2018)
Abstract

Aims: Health and behavior are closely related subjects because lots of diseases are rooted in individuals’ unhealthy behaviors and habits. The current study aimed at identifying barriers and strategies of overcoming barriers in healthy nutritional behaviors in women.
Participants and Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2014 based on content analysis. The participants were 50 married women with the age range of 18 to 50 years old referring to 4 healthcare centers in Sanandaj, who were selected by purposive sampling. Using semi-structured interviews, the data were collected through group discussions and individual in-depth interviews. A thematic analysis approach was applied for data analyses and MAXQDA 10 software was employed to analyze the data.
Findings: Of the total interviews and discussion groups, 200 initial codes were obtained and they were grouped into 4 categories, including individual barriers, social barriers, overcoming individual barriers, and overcoming social barriers. Lack of awareness and healthy cooking skills, unhealthy diet of parents as a negative role model, laziness of wives and women, lack of time, lack of mental relaxation, illiteracy economic issues, and the role of government were mentioned by the participants as individual and social barriers.
Conclusion: Barriers in healthy nutritional behaviors from women's perspective are devided into individual and social barriers and some strategies are mentioned to overcome these barriers, including learning required skills in terms of healthy diet/nutrition, raising awareness, time management, monitoring the contaminated foods by the government, providing public information, training through media, and resolving economic problems.


Volume 9, Issue 4 (No. 4 (Tome 46), (Articles in Persian) 2018)
Abstract

Although the research on small clauses ages over 30, the syntactic nature of small clauses is still a challenging and controversial issue among linguists. In this paper, we start with a brief discussion of the background of the works and approaches related to the nodes governing small clauses. We continue with some arguments in rejecting or accepting some of these approaches. Finally, we describe the construction of secondary Predicative Structures (small clauses) in Persian based on Bower's Minimal Approach (1993, 2001). Based on this approach, these structures consist of [NP XP] and are Tense-less, and their XP is non-verbal. This study assumes a binary-branching structure for small clauses. According to the authors' analyses, in all languages,​​ small clauses which include the subject and the predicate are the functional projections of the predicate, and their difference is only in the concept of the predicate head and its characteristics.

Volume 13, Issue 8 (11-2013)
Abstract

This paper discusses an adaptation of modal analysis concepts to time-varying periodic systems. It will be shown that the pseudo-modal parameters preserve certain properties of the conventional modal parameters defined for LTI systems. For this reason, after definition of pseudo modal parameters for time varying systems, a new modal analysis method will be introduced in time domain and it will be shown that these parameters could explain the nature of system. For periodic time varying systems, state transition matrices are formed by an ensemble set of responses which are obtained through multiple experiments on the system with the same time varying behavior. In next step the pseudo natural frequencies of a beam with moving mass using introduced method will be extracted. In final, it will be proved that for a linear time periodic system, the pseudo natural frequency treats periodic too.

Volume 16, Issue 88 (6-2019)
Abstract

Nowadays the use of natural and biodegradable nanofibers in the packaging industry due to the contamination of non-biodegradable polymers in food packaging is dramatically obvious and electrospinning is one of the easiest ways to produce these nanofibers. In this study, the electrospinning of collagen polymer type I (extracted from the rat-tail) with Beta Cyclodextrin and Nanoclay was investigated and Acetic acid was used as a safe solvent in terms of the environment. After designing the experiments using an experimental design software (Design Expert 7.0), the effects of independent variables such as weight-weight ratio of Beta Cyclodextrin to Collagen (X1), Volume-weight ratio of Nanoclay to Collagen (X2) and solution feed rate (X3) was evaluated on dependent variable, including nanofibers diameter (Y1). Also, electrospinning process was performed with a voltage of 12 Kv and the distance between the needle and the collector 120 mm at ambient temperature and pressure. Nanoclay have been used due to barrier and antimicrobial properties; in addition, Beta cyclodextrin was used for the specificity of the structure that causes hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. Furthermore, to investigate the shape of nanofibers Scanning Electron Microscopy, to investigate the structure Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, to investigate existing elements X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy and to determine thermal resistance Differential scanning calorimetry was applied. The results showed that optimal nanofiber with a average size of 123.01 nm and a flawless structure with a viscosity of 145.33 mpa.s was obtained.

Volume 17, Issue 3 (Fall 2013)
Abstract

        Today, the majority of states try to justify their sever action-reaction against organized crimes even in preventing of commission of these crimes, alleging that such crimes would threaten the public order and national security. The question may arise is whether prevention of such crimes at any cost is justified? Accepting the great danger of organized crimes in the international community, it is worth to note that there are some fundamental rules to protect the human rights and dignity of mankind known as jus cogens, and strict their powers and margin of action in resorting to violent methods for fighting against organized crimes.                    
      

Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2018)
Abstract

In this paper, a sandwich beam of a SMP material which have a corrugated core is studied. The corrugated core is from a polymeric material. Structures with corrugated profiles show higher stiffness-to-mass ratio in the transverse to corrugation direction compared to flat structures. As a result, the beam with corrugation along the transverse direction is stiffer than the one with corrugation along the beam length. The flexural behavior of the composite corrugated beam is studied employing a developed constitutive model for SMP and the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The constitutive model utilized is in integral form and is discretized employing finite difference scheme. To verify the results of the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and finite difference method, finite element models of different corrugated sections have been simulated in a 3D finite element program. The results demonstrate that the developed model for the composite beam presented in this study predicts the behavior of the beam successfully. The sandwich beam with different corrugated cores (triangular, sinusoidal and trapezoidal shapes) are compared with each other. Also, results show that the shape fixity is decreased a little, like any other reinforcing method. This decrease in shape fixity results in increase of load capacity in composite beams. The stress-free strain recovery and constrained stress-recovery cycles are both studied.

Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2019)
Abstract

Study of different scouring areas relative to flow velocity in Downstream Base in pairs of bases and Impact of cable protection method on these areas Abstract Bridge failure is a common phenomenon all around the world. Bridges are one of the most important structures which are under attention from many years ago. Bridge is a structure to cross over obstacles such as rivers or valleys. Investigation of scouring in water structures especially in bridges is absolutely important in river engineering. Failure of several structures in all over the world are usually due to structural consideration and giant scales on piers. Created procedure of scouring by group of piers are more complicated than one single pier. Increasing the resistance of bed materials and decreasing the power of erosion factors are the ways to stand against local scouring. To decrease the power of erosion factors (horseshoe and wake vortex), equipment such as collars, submerged vanes and etc. are being used. This study was conducted with freshwater on cylindrical piers. The experiments were with a constant discharge during 6 hours in hydraulic laboratory of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad using a flume of 10 m length, 0.30 m width and 0.50 m depth. Sands with median diameter of 0.72, special gravity of 2.65 grams per cubic centimeters and geometric standard deviation of 1.12 are used in the experiments. Range of flow rate was from 8 to 18 l.s-1. An adjustable weir in the downstream regulates the water depth in the channel. The area for conducting the experiments in the channel has 1 m length and 10 cm bed height, which is 6 meters away from the beginning of the channel. Scouring procedure of downstream pier was investigated base on flow velocity. Results show that depth of local scouring of downstream pier can be categorized in 4 zone based on flow velocity: 1- No scouring occurrence zone, 2- Synchronized scouring zone, 3- Transitional zone, and 4- Deviance zone. Following previous investigations, effects of application of rolled cable over piers on reduction of scouring around two piers and zones of downstream pier (zones related to velocity) were examined. In this study, the efficiency of using rolled cable around the piers to decrease scouring is investigated. Results show that rolled cable, scouring will decrease. In fact, rolled cable around the piers will decrease the power of down flow, horseshoe and wake vortexes. Results show that scouring was reduced around piers due to application of rolled cable. So that cable at its best state reduces the maximum scour depth by 50 percent for downstream pier in the situation distance 3D and 54 percent for downstream pier in the situation distance 5D. Reduction of scouring depth of downstream pier was less than upstream piers. Scouring depth of downstream pier with rolled cable was 7 and 26 percent reduced in comparison with piers (No rolling cable was used) located at 3D and 5D from it. Because of scouring reduction as consequences of rolled cable, downstream zones were significantly changed that finally caused synchronized zone removal. Keywords: Local Scouring, Base group, Protective method, Downstream Base, Scouring zones

Volume 21, Issue 1 (Spring 2017)
Abstract

Determining organ which is obliged to the implementation of the responsibility to protect for people who are exposed to serious human rights violations , is essential important . But , determining international institution binding to the intervention is important for that institution , too . Because this institution may face to increase with costs and military crises . At the same time , might work success in putting down situation against human rights , find a better place than before in the international system . The international intervention by this institution can increase the credibility of the United Nations and the responsibility to protect doctrine . On the contrary , the arbitrary intervention by any international institution , or a state can damage to the validity of the international law and the world order . So , the Security Council as a source of authority must work better than before.

Volume 22, Issue 2 (4-2015)
Abstract

Archaeologically, the Roudbar plain is one of the richest and most outstanding regions in the south east of Iran. Tomb-e Kharg, is the largest site in this region. The site is a multi-period one, but based on the surface material, the main settlement belongs to the historical period. Some things remain unknown about these periods in south-eastern Iran and lack of any reference to them in the authentic authorities, makes this region necessary to be aimed of a particularly urgent archeological research as an underlying and reliable reference. To do this, a topographic map of the mound, as well as the grid map was laid out, in which the region was divided into 10×10m2 regions. By means of simple random sampling method, 10% of the squares were then sampled. In the light of the study on the collected cultural material, the main settlement dates back to periods ranging from the first millennium BC up to the 8th or 9th AD centuries. Moreover, there are some items of painted grey ware, suggesting that this mound leads back to 3th millennium BC.
 
              
 

Volume 23, Issue 2 (Summer 2019)
Abstract

Abstract
The overall aim of this study was to examine the role of participatory management in empowering local communities in coping with drought. The statistical population of the study consisted of all villagers in Jiroft and Anbarabad in south of Kerman province (N = 75819). Using Krejcy & Morgan table, 382 of them were selected by stratified random sampling method. The main instrument of the research was a questionnaire that its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α> 0.7). Data analysis was performed by SPSSwin18 software. The results showed that the rural households surveyed from the components of participatory management in an unfavorable situation, but in terms of empowerment components, are in a relatively favorable situation. In addition, Pearson correlation results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of participatory management and empowerment. Regression results also showed that 85.3% of the variables of the research criterion (empowerment) are predictable by predictive variables (participation in targeting, participation in decision making, participation in reducing effects and participation in change). Factor analysis results summarized the constraints of participatory management among local communities in motivational and needs-based barriers, economical and trust barriers, planning barriers, communication barriers, and informational barriers.
 
 
1. Introduction
Farmers frequently cope with risks due to the uncertainty of climatic conditions. Population growth, changes in agricultural policies, environmental regulations and the degradation of natural resources such as soil and water also faced farmers with numerous challenges. Although farmers have experience in coping with a certain degree of uncertainty, increased climate variability and changes may cause severe problems. Drought in particular is a climatic disaster that creates substantial costs for farmers and affects their agricultural systems extensively. Drought is the most complex of all natural hazards, making the arid and semi-arid regions of the world vulnerable. Although drought has not been well documented, the resource-dependent sectors such as agriculture are the most vulnerable to the impact of this phenomenon. A review of the long-term annual precipitation trends indicated that drought had a worldwide return frequency of every 20e30 years. However, in the last 50 years, some countries such as Iran and Bangladesh have experienced approximately 27 and 19 drought events, respectively. Therefore, for arid and semiarid regions, drought is a recurrent feature that could lead to the loss of crop production, food shortages and starvation) if not managed appropriately. Accordingly drought impacts could be managed at macro (national), meso (local) and micro (village and household) levels. However, the micro-level management (i.e., what the farmers do in response to drought) is too important. Considering the inefficiency of drought management in the country, finding an approach that can address the damage caused by social insecurity (migration, poverty, isolation, etc.), environmental insecurity (water scarcity, soil erosion, etc.), economic insecurity (unemployment, lack of capital And so on) and it is important to improve the ability to deal with undesirable drought phenomena. Farmers frequently cope with risks due to the uncertainty of climatic conditions .Population growth, changes in agricultural policies, environmental regulations and the degradation of natural resources such as soil and water also present farmers with numerous challenges. Although farmers have experience in coping with a certain degree of uncertainty, increased climate variability and changes may cause severe problems. Drought in particular is a climatic disaster that creates substantial costs for farmers and affects their agricultural systems extensively. Drought is the most complex of all natural hazards. Making the arid and semi-arid regions of the world vulnerable. Although drought has not been well documented, the resource-dependent sectors such as agriculture are the most vulnerable to the impact of this phenomenon , respectively. Therefore, for arid and semiarid regions, drought is a recurrent feature that could lead to the loss of crop production, food shortages and starvation if not managed appropriately. According to drought impacts could be managed at macro (national), mesa (local) and micro (village and household) levels. So the role of participatory management in empowering local communities in coping with droughts in southern Kerman province.
Materials and Methods
Statistical population of this study consisted of all farmers in the city of Jiroft and Anbarabad was in the south of Kerman province (N=75819). Using Cerjci and Morgan, sample size was estimated as 382. Respondents were selected using Stratified random sampling method. For increasing reliability of the findings, 165 questionnaires distributed among farmers, ultimately 150 questionnaires completed and analyzed in SPSS software. The instrument of the study was a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was established by calculating Chronbach's Alpha Coefficient (α>0.7).
Results and Discussion
The results showed that the rural households studied of the components of participatory management in an unfavorable situation, but in terms of empowerment components, are in a relatively favorable situation. In addition, Pearson correlation results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of participatory management and empowerment. Also, the results of regression showed that 85.3% of the variables of the research criterion (empowerment) were determined by the predictive variables of the research, ie, the components of participatory management (participation in targeting, participation in decision making, participation in the reduction of the effects and participation in the change And transformation) is foreseeable. In addition, the results of factor analysis summarize the constraints participatory management among local communities in motivational and needs-based barriers, economic barriers and trust, planning barriers, communication barriers, and barriers to information.
 
Conclusion
Regarding the failure of most of the past drought management program in the country as well as the basic ability of indigenous knowledge of villagers, it is necessary to see the ability and need in different stages of decision making in drought response programs. As it was found in this study, the extent to which participation they increase their ability to cope with drought.
 
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Volume 23, Issue 3 (Fall 2019)
Abstract

Strategic bombing of population centers and civilian industrial and communication facilities is a widely-used method by involved parties in the wars waged in the 20th century. This strategy which aim at destruction of the economic power and the population morale is in contrast with the principles of international humanitarian law regarding the distinction between belligerents and non-belligerents. In its advisory opinion on the legality of the threat or use of nuclear weapons in 1996, the International Court of Justice, on the one hand insisted on the principle of distinction between combatants and non-combatants and on the other, recognized the deterrence policy as state practice, hence having legal effect. reviewing of some of the technical details and requirements of the deterrence policy leads to the conclusion that this policy is a continuation of the older concepts of total war and strategic bombing. Therefore, the recognition of the deterrence policy in international law is a tacit recognition of the possibility of the principle of distinction being violated in some cases. Hence, the strategy of some States, including the Islamic Republic of Iran for retaliatory attacks on the cities of their adversaries can be legally justified on this basis.
 

Volume 24, Issue 1 (Spring 2020)
Abstract

Introduction
 
In recent years, the world has been witnessing climate change which is mostly due to socio-economic activities of man and in turn producing greenhouse gas emissions. These actions have been led to global warming, melting of glaciers and extreme variability of weather indicators such as rainfall and temperature. These changes in our country have also shown itself in phenomena like snowfall shortage, devastating floods and storms, terrible and out-of-season storms, and unprecedented summer heat. These Climate fluctuations have had significant effects on different sub-sectors of the economy, especially agriculture, and the phenomenon of climate change in agriculture has shown itself at the first step in different forms of drought. Increasing farmers' resilience and adaptability to climate change are the major strategies that many countries have taken into account to face and confront the negative consequences of drought. One of the provinces that are facing drought phenomenon in Isfahan Province. For example, conflicts among farmers on water shortages and water transfers from this province to the neighboring provinces and crisis in Zayandeh Rood River are just some proof showing the severity of the situation.
 
 
Methodology
Based on the present study, the SWOT Matrix was used to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of small-scale farmers' adaptation to drought conditions in Isfahan province. Therefore, appropriate strategies were developed and proposed to achieve this objective. The statistical population of this research consisted of 110 experts working in the field of drought management in Isfahan province out of which, 88 people were selected on the basis of the Krejcie & Morgan table. The main instrument of this study was a questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by the opinions of an expert panel in the Department of Agricultural Development and Management at the University of Tehran and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficients. In order to find appropriate strategies, the TOWS matrix was developed and used in this study. This method integrates scientific and theoretical opinions with application remarks. This method is innovative and provides lights to workable strategies based on a reasonable and appropriate framework.
 
Result and Discussion
Based on the results of study, the most important opportunities for the adaptation of small-scale farmers to drought condition were the "implementing rainwater harvesting programs", "improving urban potable and green-space water management " and "national support for all strategies related to adaptability to climate change in formulating appropriate policies and regulations" It is while the most important threats found to be "weak governmental administrative works for recognition and management of climate change consequences", "insufficient supportive credit for drought management" and "insufficient attention by government to extension education programs related to drought management", In terms of the internal environment, the most important strength was found to be "Increasing farmers assets and their productive power, “cooperation of farmers to manage drought" and "Strengthening farmers Organizations ". Besides, the most important weaknesses were identified as “the low willingness of farmers to apply technologies for reducing greenhouse gases emission", "high cost of irrigation equipment to reduce water consumption" and "decreasing farms resilience towards climate change".
 
Conclusion
 Drought covers about 80% of Isfahan province and 22.5% of the province has been faced with severe drought. A survey of drought conditions over the past years indicates that most parts of Isfahan province are affected by drought. The drought has had many detrimental effects on different parts of the province, including agriculture, industry, services, the environment, public and cultural green spaces. Desertification, air pollution, and dust generation, relative humidity reduction, soil moisture depletion, rangeland wildfire, salinization and depletion of groundwater resources, damage to historic structures are some examples of the negative consequences drought in Isfahan province. In addition, the direct effects of water scarcity on agriculture and other socio-economic sectors are evident.  Outbreaks of pests and plant and animal diseases, increased agricultural migration to cities, loss of productive livestock, reduced aquaculture, and the crisis of access to potable water and reduction of farm productivity in rural areas have been observed and reported as some of the effects of drought. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to find appropriate coping strategies. However, in analyzing the strategic space, the results showed that the most efficient and adaptive strategies in the Jihad Agriculture Organization of Isfahan Province are placed in the ST area. Moreover, using a TOWS matrix, some other agricultural adaptive strategies were formulated to be used in the drought conditions of the province. SO strategies recommend operations such as Diversification of Resistant Crops,   Improving interaction between actors in the agricultural production chain and Proper management of floods through water harvesting projects. Under ST strategies operations such as paying attention to support programs and subsidizing drought management among farmers, Support diversification of livelihood investments for agriculture in times of drought crisis and strict monitoring of groundwater harvesting through the strengthening of aquifers are suggested. WO strategies focus on operations like Using modern irrigation equipment in agriculture through government support for water management projects, Improving specialized drought information for farmers by improving the efficiency of technical-engineering companies in providing services to farmers and Reduce farmers' migration by supporting livelihood adaptation strategies in government programs and projects. WT strategies also place its attention on operations such as Convergence of public and private sectors in implementing drought management programs and providing specialized information to farmers, Change the cropping pattern with the aim of developing drought-resistant varieties,  Defining a clear role for farmers in drought management in agricultural development programs.
 


Volume 27, Issue 2 (2-2025)
Abstract

Sample storage and fasting times leads to some changes of blood metabolites in broilers. Therefore, a study was conducted with the aim to assess the influence of storage and fasting times in serum and plasma fractions on glucose, total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) concentrations in broilers. A total of 70 male broiler chickens fasted at 7 times (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hours) to collect blood fractions (serum and plasma) stored at -20°C for 0, 30, and 60 days. Glucose and GGT were affected by fasting times×blood fraction. Serum glucose concentration decreased linearly ( 2.48 mg dL-1), whereas total cholesterol and plasma GGT increased linearly ( 0.92 mg dL-1 and 0.19 IU L-1, respectively) with fasting time. There was a quadratic effect on plasma glucose and serum GGT (maximum at 3.95 hours and minimum at 5.22 hours of fasting, respectively), and triacylglycerol (minimum at 8.75 hours of fasting) and ALT concentrations (maximum at 8.45 hours of fasting). Glucose, total cholesterol, AST, ALT, GGT concentrations were higher in serum, while triacylglycerol was higher in plasma. Glucose concentration had the lowest values at 30 days, while ALT was higher on day 0. However, GGT concentrations were lower on days 0 and 30. Samples of plasma for glucose, ALT, and GGT stored at -20°C for long periods should be avoided. In addition, serum samples and 6 hours fasting are recommended for the assessment of blood biochemical metabolites in broilers.


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