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A survey of the »change management literature« shows numerous prerequisites for a successful change, but reveals very little a bout how it can be achieved. If such prerequisites are not included in a change program, the change process will be encountered by what is often termed »resistance to change«, and ended in failure and frustration. Some scientists and practitioners argue that there is utility in resistance, but lack of change management models and theories actually impede to use the resistance advantages. »The Theory of Constraints (TOC)« is one of the theories views resistance as a necessary and positive element in any change process, arguing that managers need to identify resistance and use it to test and hone change strategies and action plans, to acheive a full and successful change implementation. The purpose of this article is to briefly describe TOC and its application in change menagement Also how to identify the various types of resistance against change and how to control them is described and handled within the framework of TOC Finally, by using thinking process tools of this theory, the utilizing model of behavior change is designed.

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With regard to the increase of competitive atmosphere and companies' endeavors to capture more segments of the market, the necessity of codifying new models to apply competitive strategies, seems more momentous than before. Accordingly, with due respect to cost management, both attracting customers' satisfaction and maintaining profit margin of the manufacturers look to be highly essential. The present research was carried out to design an appropriate model for the organizational change strategy in the cost management of Iran Khodro Company's Supply Chain. The research looks into the elements influencing the cost management, i.e. behavioral and structural factors as well as competitors and technology through the community, via conducting extensive studies on the change known models and identifying the effective elements in creating change in the cost management with regard to organizational behavior approach. Hence, a conceptual Model was demonstrated in terms of the relations between the four major aspects influencing the cost management and ten variables creating such aspects as well. In relation to the behavioral aspect, the influencing elements were studied at three behavioral levels, namely individual, group and organization levels. In relation to the competitors, the effects of being a single source and the structure of companies' costs, and in relation to technology , the effects of productionand information technologies were assayed. In relation to the structure, the effects of complexity, formality and concentration on the change strategy of Cost management were observed. The questionnaires distributed were then collected from 41 A-grade manufacturers in the Parts Supply Chain of Iran Khodro Company. The results showed that among the introduced elements in the conceptual model, the effect of competitors on cost management was not affirmed. Besides, the study on the suppliers' behaviors showed that it influences the strategies of cost change management only at organization level. The effect of organizational structure on cost management was confirmed based on the complexity of the elements only. Therefore, we can come to the conclusion that elements of formality and concentration have no or have an insignificant effect on the proposed model. However, the fundamental result of the research confirmed the relation between technology and cost management within the two areas of production and information technologies.

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With the emergence of social networks, the relationships among people found a new horizon. Nowadays, a large number of users sign up in social networks with different goals and they get involved in different activities.On the other hand they affect on one another while their roles and effects are not the same. Some of these users have more effects on the others according to their job status, educational backgrounds and their attractive notes. These users ,whom we call the power nodes, can change the perspective of many users and move them to specific directions. The aim of this research is the identification of the power nodes in Tebyan, as a social network, and such aim was fulfilled through a discovery of the concealed models in the characteristics of the users. This research has followed the standard methodology of CRISP-DM. To reach this end, after the identification of the power nodes, according to the attained sum scores, from three parameters: central relativity, the page rank, and the users activities, a classification was provided from an algorithm tree. The achieved results have shown that the most significant features in determination of a user's power in a social network are education, age and gender.

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Abstract
Karkheh protected area due to natural potential target evaluating nature tourism to seriously address violations using multiple criteria evaluation method of spatial zoning capability of ecotourism in the study.In this regard, based on the different documentation libraries and scientific review articles, 23 were collected by index. In this study were tried all operations for the preparation, management and analysis of data and information on the Builder environment using the Arc GIS_10.5 software and techniques for network analysis process  (ANP) the areas prone to specify the nature of the evaluation and tourism. For this purpose, first, the factors affecting the process of nature tourism potential in the region and determine the required maps were prepared.Finally, using the linear combination weighting techniques (WLC) final maps user area for potential tourism development nature. The results of this study showed that 24 percent of the level region has the potential of appropriate floor (6287994 m²), 60 percent of the surface area has be medium (16162497 m²) and 16 percent of the surface area has be inappropriate (4400870 m²) for the development of the tourist nature of the user. Generally in the region of North-Eastern and central zones be more the direction of development of tourism of nature than the other zones.
 

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Dam construction and development projectshave serious effects on environmental parameters. Therefore, environmental risk assessment of the dam is one of the most important aspects of environmental risk management in these projects. The purpose of this study is to provide a new model for assessing the environmental risks of dams during the construction phase. To this end, after identifying environmental risks and using the EFMEA method, the RPN for each environmental aspect was calculated and classified. The VIKOR method was used to assess and prioritize identified environmental risks. The results show that in the EFMEA method and by comparing the calculated risks, the risk of pollution of the Balarood river with, RPN 125 is the first priority. In the VIKOR method, the risk of water pollution (high, medium, low) with weight (1,300, 1,000 and 0,700) was identified as the most important risk. In this paper, EFMEA and VIKOR methods are used to assess the environmental risk of the dam. The most important modified action to reduce environmental risks is the construction and completion of wastewater treatment plants for industrial units.