Showing 8 results for pezhman
Volume 2, Issue 3 (7-2016)
Abstract
Background: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of the main bacteria which are responsible forurinary tract, blood stream, cerebrospinal fluid, lower respiratory tract, and wound infections in Hamadan province in the west of Iran.
Materials and Methods:In this study,a total of 773 urinary tract, 273 blood stream, 13 cerebrospinal fluid, 408 respiratory tract, and 147 wound positive samples were collected from patients who referred toBesat hospital from April 2013 to October 2014.Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Modified Disk Diffusion Method (MDDM) against different classes of antibiotic.
Results: The most common pathogens isolatedfrom urine tract, blood stream, cerebrospinal fluid, lower respiratory tract, and wound infections wereE. coli 425 (54.9%),S. aureus 68 (24.9%),Klebsiellaspp. 3 (23%), P. aeruginosa 110 (26.9%), and S. aureus 30 (20.4%) respectively.The overall prevalence of resistance to the antimicrobial agents testedin various clinical specimens is discussed in this study.
Conclusion: The high resistancerate was observed in our study to most used antibiotics. Therefore, setting up a comprehensive surveillance systemis need to evaluate the distribution of organisms isolated and their drug resistance pattern over different period of time and place of Iran.
Volume 12, Issue 2 (2-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Upon the establishment of Zand government, social situation of Shiraz urban community which was affected by the ruling board entered a new phase. This social diversity led to some changes in the capital. One of the most important changes at this time was the formation of Kharabatian neighborhood and the activities of prostitutes therein. The neighborhood which started its activities following the social plans of the government left behind different changes in many aspects of the urban society of the capital. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the causes for the formation of this neighborhood and its social consequences in the urban society of Shiraz in the Zand era. The study followed a descriptive- analytical method and used the library data to investigate the research problem. The findings show that controlling and managing the political activists in Shiraz, managing the crisis-stricken society after the fall of Safavids, encouraging the activists to reconstruct and improve Shiraz along with the positive attitude of Karim Khan Zand to this group of females all were involved in the development of this neighborhood. Moreover, the whole kharabatian neighborhood provided a good income resource for the Zand government. One of the social consequences of creating this neighborhood is the disorder in the foundation of families. In addition, since this kind of social activity was in contrast with the social and religious beliefs of the people, it created some popular and legal abnormalities by some parts of the capital society.
Volume 13, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Urban planning of Tehran until the period of Naser al-Din Shah continued in the style of urban planning of the Safavid period. This method only met the needs of a traditional city in various limited political, economic and social dimensions. From the time of Nasser al-Din Shah, Tehran as the capital of Iran in the Qajar period and in the face of the Western world became a platform for developments in the field of urban planning and a model for other cities in Iran in this field; However, these developments did not enter the city in its pure Western form and appeared in a mixed and influenced by the traditional Iranian society. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of Western civilization and urban society of Tehran on the continuity and physical-spatial evolution of the city in the Naseri period. This research based on descriptive-analytical method has investigated this issue. The findings of this study show that the physical part of Tehran entered a new phase during the reign of Nasser al-Din Shah, influenced by Western civilization. These physical-spatial changes were not simply influenced by the modern Western world; Rather, indigenous cultural and artistic forces combined new influences with Iranian architecture. These developments were achieved on the one hand in the method of urban renewal in various dimensions and on the other hand in the quantitative dimension and the growth, reproduction and multiplicity of elements of the city.
Volume 15, Issue 3 (5-2015)
Abstract
In this paper, Propagated modes in a three-layer adhesive joint are investigated regardless of wave generation source influence and also by taking into consideration it and low-attenuation modes are determined. In the beginning, lamb wave propagation in the adhesive joints is investigated using global matrix method and characteristic equation is derived by applying continuity and boundary conditions which are included traction-free boundary conditions on outer surfaces of the joints and continuity between layers. Phased velocity and attenuation dispersion curves in terms of frequency are obtained by numerical solution of the characteristic equation. Then, the source influence on wave field is investigated using normal mode expansion method. Average power flow of low-attenuation excited mode and its energy percent to the lamb wave total energy curves in terms of source parameters for specific frequency are obtained. These results are used to determine the suitable parameters of the source which are used to generate low-attenuation lamb wave mode. Finally, finite element simulation of lamb wave generation is performed to compare with the results of normal modes expansion method. The results indicate to generate M3 mode with low-attenuation level in the three-layer adhesive joint aluminium-epoxy-aluminium at frequency 0.25 MHz, suitable wedge angle is 16 degree and suitable transducer width is 20 mm.
Volume 17, Issue 2 (3-2015)
Abstract
Demographic analyses of dubas bug, Ommatissus lybicus de Bergevin, (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae), reared on five date palm varieties (Zahdi, Mazafati, Piarom, Khasi, and Shahani) were constructed under laboratory conditions at 27±1ºC, 70±5% RH, and a 14:10 hours (L: D) photoperiod. Data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory to take the variable developmental rate among individuals and both sexes into consideration. Results showed that different varieties of date palm influenced development time and fecundity of dubas bug. The total pre-adult developmental time was the shortest on Zahdi (85.21 days) and the longest on Khasi (88.39 days). The longevities of both male and female adults on different varieties were significantly different. The mean fecundity per female was significantly higher on Zahdi (78.62 eggs) and Mazafati (68 eggs) than on Shahani (43.53 eggs) and Khasi (46.32 eggs). The highest and lowest net reproductive rates were obtained on Zahdi (40.58 offspring per individual) and Shahani (16.88 offspring per individual), respectively. The intrinsic rates of increase were 0.0401, 0.0368, 0.0355, 0.0312 and 0.0301 per day on Zahdi, Piarom, Mazafati, Khasi and Shahani, respectively. The mean generation times ranged from 92.78 days reared on Zahdi to 95.25 days on Mazafati. According to results obtained in this study, Shahani and Khasi were the most resistant varieties while Zahdi was the most susceptible variety to dubas bug among the varieties tested.
Volume 17, Issue 4 (1-2015)
Abstract
Objective: Prostate cancer is the fifth most common cancer. In 2012, it was the second leading cause of cancer death for men worldwide. The PI3K/AKT pathway plays an essential role in pathogenesis of prostate cancer; the key role of this pathway in cancer progression makes it an attractive target for prostate cancer therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate gene expression have a special ability to simultaneously control multiple genes and pathways which make them candidates for therapeutics. This study aims to determine miRNAs which target the PI3K/AKT pathway and evaluate them in prostate cancer cell lines.
Methods: In order to determine an effective miRNA for the PI3K/AKT pathway, we assessed six genes from this pathway which have been proposed as drug targets in ten different prediction algorithms. Next, the candidate miRNAs were analyzed in expression profile and pathway analysis databases. Expression of candidate miRNAs in control and prostate cancer cell lines were subsequently evaluated.
Results: According to bioinformatics, the miR-29 family could target the most genes from this list. Other bioinformatic estimates confirmed these results. The miR-29 family showed significant downregulation in prostate cancer cell lines LNCAP, PC3 and DU-145 compared to control samples.
Conclusion: These results propose the possibility of using the miR-29 family to inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway in prostate cancer.
Volume 19, Issue 126 (August 2022)
Abstract
Chocolate is one of the most widely consumed snacks in the diet. In recent years, with the introduction of healthy foods, researchers have sought to enhance products with alternative ingredients to enhance their health effects. The aim of this study was to replace Arabica coffee grounds powder with chocolate formulation and to investigate its properties. Arabica coffee grounds were added to the chocolate formulation at four levels of 0.20, 40 and 60% and its antioxidant, textural and sensory properties were evaluated. The results showed that with increasing the amount of coffee grounds, the level of polyphenols, flavonoids, as well as the percentage of free radical scavenging of DPPH, increased in the presence of coffee grounds. Also, the results of sensory analysis showed that coffee pulp did not have a significant negative effect on the textural properties of chocolate and from the point of view of feeling the oral texture of chocolate was desirable. Despite the unfavorable effect of coffee grounds, the treatment had the lowest score of 60% in terms of general acceptance, but due to the favorable taste of Arabica coffee on chocolate, the treatment received the highest score of 20%. According to the test results, this product can be used as an increase in nutritional health and human health. Therefore, the use of amounts less than 20% is recommended to improve the quality and antioxidant properties.
Volume 23, Issue 9 (September 2023)
Abstract
Heart diseases are one of the most important causes of death in the world, and their treatment is very important from a medical and financial perspective. One of the effective ways that can be very useful in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is computational modeling which can help medical professionals to better understand the human heart and provide more effective therapeutic approaches. The mechanical characteristics of the myocardium of human heart, known as a nonlinear and anisotropic tissue, are the most important part of the heart because it plays a key role in myocardial response to loading and unloading during heart cycle. In this study, the orthotropic hyperelastic and isotropic viscoelastic properties of the human heart were modeled by taking into account the effect of active stress on myocardium and using an idealized left ventricular geometry. Simulation results showed that the viscoelastic property cause the myocardium deformation to be damped and reduces the amount of torsion that experienced by the tissue. Also, myocardium tissue in viscoelastic case showed the hysteresis phenomenon which is found in clinical observations of heart mechanics. The Model is entirely implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics finite element software and can be used in heart electromechanical models in future studies.
