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Aims: Cities play a key role in promoting human values. Nowadays, population growth, widespread urbanization in developing countries, demographic change, environmental challenges, economic problems, urban transportation problems, advances in information and communication technology, and bureaucracy have necessitated the need for smart urban governance. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to provide a model of smart urban governance with a future study approach.
Methods: The research method is descriptive-analytical and exploratory. The statistical community is experts in the field of research. The sample size was determined using Roscoe rules 45 people and the sampling method is snowball.
Findings:  the key drivers of smart city governance were extracted from Latin sources as well as the Delphi method, 9 key drivers for the future of smart city governance were considered. In the next step, scenarios were developed for each driver and strategies were considered for each desired scenario. Finally, the model of smart city governance in Rasht was presented.
Conclusion: direct citizenship education, design of public participation opportunities, formulation of local policies, integrated urban management, create a financial model to allocate appropriate budgets, development of data communication infrastructure and access network, encourage investors, develop The law as a means of attracting private sector investment in public infrastructure, Creating open data portals, enacting strong laws to protect the privacy, providing online services and eliminating bureaucracy and careful planning of smart government at the national level, the highest score in achieving They achieved the model of futuristic smart city governance.

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This paper examines the subdivision, share holding and regulations in the urban planning of Iran. The rules and regulations of subdivision and share holding in urban lands are suitable mechanism for spatial layout, restricting unsuitable growth of cities and preventing the destruction of good lands for different land-uses, especially for residential applications. It is necessary that subdivision and share holding to be used on the basis of master, detailed and guide plans. Registry offices and courts of justice interfere in subdivision and share holding. Of course, these organizations act on the basis of urban master plans and executive maps of the municipalities. The current rules can not prevent solely from illegal subdivisions and share holdings. Therefore, efficient management and cultural education of individuals can promote the ongoing situation in Iran.

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Density is the best criterion in pavements quality control. Determination of asphalt mixture density while compaction and after that is an important issue from two aspects of compaction level measurement and the time of compaction process termination. The most common and accurate method of in situ density determination is core making. Common procedure is to use a core gear and performing density test on cores in laboratory. Being expensive, time consuming and unrepeatable test, besides causing pavement deterioration are disadvantages of core making. Time consuming causes layer weakness doesn’t discover soon enough to do some modifications on that. Nondestructive density tests became very popular in recent years. These tests don’t cause any deterioration on pavement surface and are more reach than core making and repeatable since are NDT which are divided to nuclear and non nuclear NDT tests. PQI 301 electromagnetic and Troxler (HS-5001EZ) nuclear devices field evaluation were done in this research. After statistical analysis it was resulted that PQI is convenience for asphalt layers and nuclear is convenience for granular layers.

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Aims: Tehran, as the capital of Iran, is facing many urban problems and challenges to survive as a city. Identifying sustainability indicators have been evaluated by many articles, but less attention has been paid to the instability indicators that fuel the challenges of instability in urban planning; In this regard, the aim of the current research is to identify the challenges of instability in the urban planning of Tehran metropolis.

Methods: This research evaluated the instability indicators in urban planning from a real point of view by rereading the indicators related to urban sustainability.

Findings: The findings show that the main unstable indicators of urban planning are summarized in three economic, social, and environmental indicators. In the economic index, including uncertainty in economic policies, housing prices, non-standard housing, income, employment, unemployment, cost of living, and female heads of households; In the environmental index, including climate changes, heat island, flood, transportation, energy security, noise and air pollution, urban traffic, water quality and quantity, waste disposal quality, urban green infrastructure, environment as a luxury issue and changing approach to the environment; And the social index includes social interaction, access to facilities and services, social injuries, sense of identity and belonging, neighborhood relations, social segregation, people's participation in city affairs and welfare security.

Conclusion: Reframing the challenges of instability in the urban planning of the Tehran metropolis from a practical point of view shows the necessity of attention to urban planning with a special focus on the relationship between citizens and planners.

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An efficient approach to road safety coupled with preventive maintenance of asphalt pavements is the application of colored slurry seal, as it improves the road visibility while enhancing the aesthetic aspects of the urban space. Around the globe, application of colored surface treatments on roads has witnessed a growth in recent years, especially in urban areas. This study aims at investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of using electric-arc furnace steel slag as an alternative to natural aggregates in the colored slurry seal mixture design followed by a performance assessment of the resultant mixture. For this purpose, first, characteristics of the aggregate and steel slag were investigated. Next, performance of the designed slurry seal mixture was assessed by testing five different mixtures containing the slag at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.%. Evaluation and comparison of the asphalt specimens were performed by conducting 30- and 60-min wet cohesion tests, 60-min wet track abrasion test, loaded wheel-sand adhesion test, and loaded wheel-displacement test according to ASTM D3910. Based on the XRF results, the considered steel slag powder contained a significant amount of calcium oxide (~ 57% of natural aggregate). The high CaO/SiO₂ ratio for the steel slag indicates its alkalinity, which suggests its improved adhesion to bitumen thanks to its rather acidic nature. According to FESEM results, the steel slag material was found to be composed of particles of angular geometry with a rougher surface and higher porosity than natural aggregates, further indicating better slag-bitumen adhesion. Performance assessments indicated superior performance of the steel slag-containing specimens of colored slurry seal. Among the studied mixtures, the one with 40 wt.% steel slag exhibited the best performance, as shown by 27.8 and 37.3% increase in the mixture cohesion upon 30- and 60-min wet cohesion tests, respectively, as compared to the control specimen. Furthermore, 47.7% lower moisture sensitivity and 50.8% and 40% smaller vertical and lateral displacements, respectively, were observed for the slag-containing mixture. The bleeding potential of the mixtures decreased with increasing the steel slag dosage from 0 to 40 wt.%, so that the mixture containing steel slag at 40 wt.% exhibited 23.7% lower bleeding potential. Trying to optimize the asphalt emulsion dosage, it was figured out that the optimal content of asphalt emulsion increases with the added content of steel slag to the mixture. Accordingly, the mixture containing steel slag at 40 wt.% required 1.9% more asphalt emulsion to achieve a given cohesion level within a certain time. Based on the results of this research, in order to improve performance characteristics of colored slurry seal mixtures while observing environmental obligations, it is recommended to use steel slag as an alternative to natural aggregates in this type of surface treatment. Therefore, according to the environmental issues and the limitations of natural resources, it is recommended that steel slag be replaced by natural aggregates up to 40% in the colored slurry mixture. By replacing steel slag, proper adhesion and cohesion between asphalt mixture materials is achieved and its resistance to moisture sensitivity, traffic loading and bleeding is improved.
 

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Introduction: Global competitiveness is the name of the game of our time, and in today's world, competitiveness has become a fundamental force in the urban economy, just like gravity in physics. Today, the competitiveness of cities plays an essential role in the development of cities. Competitiveness arises from a combination of assets and processes. Assets are either a gift, such as natural resources or man-made resources, such as city infrastructure and processes that turn assets into economic benefits for cities and ultimately make them more competitive. With the formation of globalization and networking of the global economy, cities have always found a special place as nodes of network economy, and it is believed that this competition is on a par with national competition.