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Showing 21 results for Uddin
Hirad Hosseinian, JamlUddin Soheili, Fariba Alborzi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (summer 2023)
Volume 4, Issue 2 (summer 2023)
Abstract
Problem: Structure is a term that creates meaning for the framework of formation of different shapes and is able to create targeted condition for formation and even interference for shapes.
Target: It is to be noted that this process of formation of shapes is based on defined module and this module is regarded as infrastructure for layout of shapes and is accompanied with social exchanges, activities and equilibrium; since, if a space has great amount of quality and eligibility, it is able to attract more amount of people and turned into a place for gathering social groups and collecting social groups based on different layers of social classes is effective on geometrical structure of a complex and is also regarded as basis for formation of merged geometrical principles in general structure of a shape; since, if this principle is not correctly regarded as equilibrium, the motion system of different classes are not directed toward correct path and finally leads to interference of motion layer, lack of eligibility and localization of space.
Method: Thus, it is attempted through benefiting from interpretative and historical nature to geometrically analyze this set and describe its elementary structure as intact form and then by benefiting from deductive reasoning to describe details of this set from viewpoint of general structure and due to analytical tables, it is possible to obtain better understanding from relationship of geometrical system with structure of set and in continuation of this process, through raising hypothesis (probably formalism by Klaus Herdeg).
Result: It is possible to obtain conformity of geometrical pattern originated from structure of this set and recognizing groups obtained from conformity of motor structure of layers in Naghshe Jahan square that is effective on political and economic issues of this set.
Maryam Rezaie, JamalUddin Soheili, Maryam Armaghan,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (spring 2024)
Volume 5, Issue 1 (spring 2024)
Abstract
Problem: Architecture and cinema are a collection of art and technology that are intertwined with the help of the capable hands of an architect and a filmmaker. The two can act similarly in infusing the spirit of life into space and evoking human feelings. Among these, urban spaces and architectural buildings are very important as the location of a film event and represent the temporal, cultural, historical, social and are in the movie. So that paying attention to the category of architecture in cinema in a serious and conscious way is an idea that can be considered by directors and filmmakers. This article explores this relationship in the movie Mother, made by Ali Hatami.
Target: In this research, first to interpret the architectural space and place, Kanter's views on the sense of place are considered, then the features of melodrama style in cinema and its features are discussed and then the architectural concepts and features of place in The scene design of Hatami's film "Mother" is studied in terms of activity, body and meaning. The counter recognizes three components for each location: Physical characteristics, activities & Imaginations.
Method: To understand this issue, try to use the historical-interpretive method to communicate the spatial-local dialectical process, which requires the analysis and description of the components resulting from the changes identified in this research. Finally, through deductive-inductive reasoning, it has been tried to identify the output components of the tool used in this research.
Result: For this purpose, it was tried to explain the temporal process of the sequences taken from the film Mother in relation to the spatial coexistence or the progress and delay of the moving space of the scene from a sense of feeling. Eclectic view of space? By linking human relations with place in melodrama cinema, he identified a kind of space-place dialectic that can be affirmed and achieved in key words: spatial diachronic and synchronic.
Volume 8, Issue 1 (winter 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Childhood obesity is one of the leading causes of various musculoskeletal problems and health-related issues among school-going children. Regular sporting activity helps to maintain physical fitness. To compare the effects of physical activity on Body Mass Index (BMI) and cardiovascular endurance among the students of the sporting school and general school.
Method and Materials: This pilot study was conducted among the students of the sporting school and general school from a selected area of Bangladesh. A total of 20 participants (10 from sporting schools and 10 from general schools) both males and females took part in this study. Anthropometric measurement was taken after getting consent from the participants. The Havard Step Test was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and an independent t-test were used to compare the data. The p value was set at <0.05 as the level of significance.
Findings: The mean age, height, weight, and BMI of the participants in the sporting group were 16.37±1.04 years, 117.72±12.01 cm, 64.25±25 kg, and 19.93±1.10 kg/m2 and in the non-sporting group were 14.65±0.93 years, 105.22±14.42 cm, 61.23±2.19 kg, and 19.64±2.27 kg/m2 respectively. There was no significant difference in BMI (p= 0.412) but cardiovascular endurance (p=0.026) showed a significant difference among sporting school and non-sporting school children.
Conclusion: Though females in sporting schools have a high level of cardiovascular endurance results of both groups are not as expected. The study strongly recommended that every school should arrange competitive games at least once a week for their students.
Method and Materials: This pilot study was conducted among the students of the sporting school and general school from a selected area of Bangladesh. A total of 20 participants (10 from sporting schools and 10 from general schools) both males and females took part in this study. Anthropometric measurement was taken after getting consent from the participants. The Havard Step Test was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and an independent t-test were used to compare the data. The p value was set at <0.05 as the level of significance.
Findings: The mean age, height, weight, and BMI of the participants in the sporting group were 16.37±1.04 years, 117.72±12.01 cm, 64.25±25 kg, and 19.93±1.10 kg/m2 and in the non-sporting group were 14.65±0.93 years, 105.22±14.42 cm, 61.23±2.19 kg, and 19.64±2.27 kg/m2 respectively. There was no significant difference in BMI (p= 0.412) but cardiovascular endurance (p=0.026) showed a significant difference among sporting school and non-sporting school children.
Conclusion: Though females in sporting schools have a high level of cardiovascular endurance results of both groups are not as expected. The study strongly recommended that every school should arrange competitive games at least once a week for their students.
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract
The ecological aspects, distribution, and possible conservation of a syrphid hoverfly, Axona chalcopyga (Wiedemann, 1839) is poorly known due to their rare records. Three female individuals of A. chalcopyga were discovered in the Gelam forests of Terengganu state, which is the first record in Peninsular Malaysia. Here, we provided a pictorial description of the female. We also noted the functional role of the hoverfly as a potential pollinator candidate for the Gelam trees by visiting its flowers.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of digital pocketbooks and animated videos about the danger signs of pregnancy in women in the third trimester of pregnancy at the Kebon IX Health Center, Jambi City, Indonesia.
Participants and Methods: This pre-experimental study used a two-group pre-test post-test design involving 120 women in their third trimester of pregnancy referring to the Kebon IX Health Center, Jambi City, Indonesia. The dependent variable was knowledge, while the independent variable was health education using animated videos and E-books about the danger signs of pregnancy. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 16 by the Wilcoxon test.
Findings: The pre-test knowledge level of most of the subjects in the animated video media group was at a good level (50%), and after the intervention (post-test), it increased to 100%. The pre-test knowledge level of most of the subjects in the E-book group was at a good level (66.7%), and after the intervention (post-test), it increased to 100%. There were differences in the level of knowledge of pregnant women before and after the intervention using animated videos and E-books (p-value <0.001).
Conclusion: Animated videos and E-books can increase the knowledge of women in the third trimester of pregnancy about the danger signs of pregnancy.
Volume 11, Issue 3 (10-2011)
Abstract
The convergence process and the advantages involved for less developed and developing countries, especially those located in the MENA region is of a great importance in economic studies. Through expanding regional co-operations and playing a wider role in the economies of the member states, it can prepare a suitable ground for growing regional markets and positive international economic reactions and finally can result into total development of the region. This article, using time series model is aiming at testing the convergence hypothesis in MENA region (15 countries) during 1980-2008. For analyzing time series model, we used Augmented Dicky Fuller test, Zivot & Andrews (with the endogenous time break) unit root test, Im, Pesaran & Shin and also Levin, Lin & Chu unit root panel data tests. The results of time series model with ADF and ZA tests show that there are two groups of convergence among the selected MENA countries. The first one is those countries which are converging from the low per capita income up to the average per capita income of the selected countries. The second one is the countries which are converging from the high per capita income down to the average of the region. The rest have diverged from the average per capita income during the period. According to Im, Pesaran & Shin and also Levin, Lin & Chu unit root tests, the convergence hypothesis of per capita income to average, is accepted for the whole sample. Altogether, the selected countries are minimizing the gap between their per capita income and the average per capita income of the region.
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to develop fundamental motor skill activities based on game circuits that aim to improve the motor skills of children with dyspraxia.
Instrument & Methods: This research involved instrument development, initial revision, and field trials. Instruments in-game circuits were designed with various motor challenges specifically designed to facilitate the development of basic motor skills. In the initial trial phase, activities were implemented with the participation of several children with dyspraxia. Then, instruments and activities were adjusted based on feedback and findings from the initial trials. Field trials were conducted through the participation of larger groups of children with dyspraxia to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the activities developed.
Findings: The development of fundamental motor skill activity based on the game circuit has a CVR value of 0.5, greater than the threshold limit of 0.62. Hence, it had good content validity in measuring the desired construct. The correlation calculation results showed a positive and significant relationship between the scores of assessors 1, 2, and 3 with a total score of assessors on aspects of movement skills, cognitive aspects, fun aspects, and attention focus. The ICC test results showed the instrument's reliability.
Conclusion: Developing fundamental motor skill activities through the game circuit approach can effectively improve the motor skills of children with dyspraxia.
Volume 12, Issue 1 (Winter 2024)
Abstract
Aims: Non-syndromic orofacial cleft (NSOFC) is a congenital facial anomaly of cleft lip, cleft palate, or both, most commonly affecting the craniofacial region and oral cavity. The etiology is multifactorial, combining endogenous (genetic) with environmentally influenced exogenous factors. This study aimed to determine and analyze the risk factors for the incidence of NSOFC.
Materials & Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Celebes Cleft Center in Makassar. The case group consisted of 80 newborns with cleft lip and palate, and the control group consisted of 106 newborns without cleft lip and palate. Data collected included sex, type of NSOFC, age of respondents, educational level, risk factors for NSOFC incidence from patient medical records and interview results. Data were collected in an Excel table and analyzed using the Stata program using the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.
Findings: The results showed that NSOFC mostly occurred in newborns of male gender (58.75%). The most common type of NSOFC was cleft lip accompanied by cleft palate then cleft lip, and the least was cleft palate. Maternal risk factors that were significant for the incidence of cleft lip and palate/NSOFC were maternal occupation (OR=25.037; 95%CI=5.812-222.113; p<0.001), family history of orofacial cleft (OR=11.666; 95%CI=1.493-522.396; p=0.005), history of tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy (OR=2.64; 95%CI=1.355-5.187; p=0.002). The most dominant risk factor was maternal occupation.
Conclusion: The type of maternal occupation, family history of orofacial cleft, and maternal history of tobacco smoking are risk factors for the incidence of lip and palate cleft or NSOFC.
Materials & Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Celebes Cleft Center in Makassar. The case group consisted of 80 newborns with cleft lip and palate, and the control group consisted of 106 newborns without cleft lip and palate. Data collected included sex, type of NSOFC, age of respondents, educational level, risk factors for NSOFC incidence from patient medical records and interview results. Data were collected in an Excel table and analyzed using the Stata program using the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.
Findings: The results showed that NSOFC mostly occurred in newborns of male gender (58.75%). The most common type of NSOFC was cleft lip accompanied by cleft palate then cleft lip, and the least was cleft palate. Maternal risk factors that were significant for the incidence of cleft lip and palate/NSOFC were maternal occupation (OR=25.037; 95%CI=5.812-222.113; p<0.001), family history of orofacial cleft (OR=11.666; 95%CI=1.493-522.396; p=0.005), history of tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy (OR=2.64; 95%CI=1.355-5.187; p=0.002). The most dominant risk factor was maternal occupation.
Conclusion: The type of maternal occupation, family history of orofacial cleft, and maternal history of tobacco smoking are risk factors for the incidence of lip and palate cleft or NSOFC.
Comparative analysis of the narrative structure of the tragedy of the story of Siavash and Hippolyte
Volume 12, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Tragedy is a type of dramatic literature that originated from ancient Greece and is performed on the stage in the form of a play. The great Greek philosopher Aristotle was one of the first to fully discuss and explain tragedy in his book The Poetics. He has introduced elements and components for composing a tragedy that plays an important role in the quality, attractiveness, and superiority of the tragedy.
In Persian literature, some works are a reflection of ancient Greek tragedies and Aristotle's view on this matter; Among the most prominent of these works is Ferdowsi's Shahnameh with stories that are very similar to ancient Greek tragedies. The present research aims to show the similarity and influence of Persian literature with Greek literature in the field of tragedy and with a descriptive-analytical method to compare the story of Siavash from the Shahnameh and the tragedy of Hippolytus by Euripides as a case study and has shown this alignment and effectiveness.
Volume 14, Issue 4 (winter 2014 2015)
Abstract
Achieving economic growth requires an optimal allocation system of resources at national level. This is not possible without a perfect and efficient financial market. The stock exchange as a part of capital market can provide the required national financial resources and lead to economic growth. In the capital market, information is regarded as the most valuable asset. The more the transparency of information in the stock exchange, the lower the information asymmetry and the more efficient capital market will be. This study aims to analyze the effects of the ownership share of institutional investors, the board size, the role of non-executive board and separation of chief executive officer and chairman of the board roles (separation variable) on information asymmetry in the stock exchange. It estimates a panel data regression for the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during the fourth national development plan. The results indicate that the ownership share of institutional investors and board size have negative effects on information asymmetry, while the ratio of non-executive members to board size and separation variable have no significant effects on information asymmetry.
Volume 16, Issue 1 (March & April (Articles in English & French) 2025)
Abstract
Literature theoretically provides many positive contributions that could impact students’ learning performance in reading. It is because literature consists of two fundamental functions that Horace called it dulce et utile (sweet and useful). Besides, literature also contains two important elements, i.e., intrinsic and extrinsic. Integrating these literary elements into literary reading activities builds students’ comprehension skills to analyze various aspects, e.g., character, plot, setting, theme, and stylistics as the intrinsic elements and sociology, psychology, politics, and philosophy as the extrinsic elements. In studying the discourses, this research presented perceptional theory and a study of the LBI approach used in a reading course that analyzed the impacts on students’ learning performance. The methodology used in this research was Cresswell's (2016) mix-method with an explanatory case study approach. To collect the needed data, several instruments were utilized in this research, such as interviews and questionnaires. All the collected data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. After collecting, analyzing, and discussing the data, the results demonstrated that students perceived that LBI material was enjoyable, challenging, and contains moral teaching. Furthermore, students also felt that LBI material impacted some good learning performance, i.e., LBI material improved students’ reading skills, triggered students’ critical thinking, and transformed students’ learning attitudes.
Volume 18, Issue 3 (Autumn 2018)
Abstract
Crime is a phenomenon studied from the perspective of sociology, psychology, law and economics. From the economic point of view, when economies face with economic problems such as inflation, unemployment, poverty, income inequality, and high necessary costs and so on, the expected rise in crimes is inevitable. Generally, robbery has a high share in economic crimes. In this study, an attempt is made to analyze the relationship between income inequality and robbery in Iran within a Bayesian model and Jeffry Prior approach. The period under study is from 1996 to 2012. The educational expenditure and inflation are used as control variables. The results indicate a positive relation between robbery and income inequality. Also, there is a negative relation between educational expenditure and robbery; however, the inflation has no significant effect on the robbery.
Volume 21, Issue 155 (12-2024)
Abstract
Tiger shrimp (Panaeus monodon) is a key fishery product in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, distributed within 12 hours by land routes, leading to quality deterioration due to microbial contaminants. This study aims to analyze the presence of microbial contaminants in tiger shrimps and detect risk factors that cause the presence of bacterial contaminants in shrimp. The sampling used in this study was a purposive sampling of tiger shrimp based on three organoleptic quality categories (good (1), moderate (2), and poor (3)) and analyzed with several specific mediums. Risk factor observations were made during the handling process. The highest total bacteria and coliforms were found in shrimp 3, at 30.25x106 cfu/g and >1100 MPN/g, respectively. Based on the distribution of bacteria in each shrimp, shrimp 2 and 3 were contaminated by 6 types of bacteria: Pseudomonas sp., Aeromonas sp., Salmonella/Shigella, Klebsiella sp., E. coli, and S. aureus. E. coli, Klebsiella sp., and Salmonella/Shigella bacteria were not found in shrimp 1. The presence of these bacteria plays a role in tiger shrimp deterioration. The presence of bacteria on the shrimp is caused by the equipment and materials used, worker behaviour, and environmental conditions that do not pay attention to hygiene during the tiger shrimp handling process. These results suggest that the long distribution process of tiger shrimps, coupled with poor handling, leads to bacterial contamination, resulting in quality degradation in the form of tiger shrimp spoilage, requiring a particular strategy to minimize bacterial contamination.
Volume 22, Issue 4 (6-2020)
Abstract
The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, is parasitic to the plants and greatly damages the root of many vegetables. The current in-Planta study was designed to explore the nematicidal properties of several botanicals (neem oil, garlic oil, castor oil, extracts of Tagetes patula and Datura inoxia at a standard dose of 2.0%) at District Peshawar, Pakistan. Tomato (cv. Riogrande) was grown in earthen pots for the growing seasons of 2014 to 2016. Pure culture of the root-knot nematodes were grown in laboratory and were applied at the rate of 50 infective juvenile and 200 eggs per root system through soil drench method. Neem oil and Datura inoxia gave the best results by having lower number (2.8 and 5.8, respectively) of galls. Adult females and egg masses were also reduced to 0.9 and 4.8, respectively, per root system. All the treatments differences were statistically significant (P≤ 0.05). Plant growth parameters were also upraised with application of medicinal herbs. This study highlights the nematicidal properties of botanicals for the safe and cheap management of the prevalent root knot nematode. Hence, it is recommended to the farmers for the use of these naturally occurring organic nematicides instead of commercial petro-chemicals that have ill effect on our environment.
Volume 25, Issue 2 (2-2023)
Abstract
Nanochitosan composite film containing Nisin (NCH-N) was synthesized by solution cast method. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared from shrimp shell.Characterizations of the prepared chitosan-nanoparticles were performed using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. The DLS analysis showed that the average size of chitosan- nanoparticles was 84.8 nm. Antimicrobial properties of edible (NCH-N) solution were also tested against pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, E. faecalis, and eight clinical multidrug resistances K. pneumonia and E. coli. Addition of nisin to film significantly enhances the antimicrobial activity of the film against these tested pathogenic bacteria. This solution was also used as an antimicrobial coating on peaches. Based on the results, the peach coated with the film-forming NCH-N solutions presented a significantly lower amount of microorganisms growth than the uncoated peach, and significantly increased the shelf life of peaches. The color of the peach was not influenced by the films. The similarity of peaks in the spectrum of FTIR films confirms the absence of relevant interaction between the nisin and the polymer. The films were also analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to investigate the surface topography. Nanohitosan films were smooth and homogeneous. With the addition of nisin to nanochitosan films, the film became more uniform and homogeneous. The incorporation of nisin into edible nanochitosan films or coatings may be an attractive and convenient method for biopreservation of food.
Volume 25, Issue 4 (Winter 2021)
Abstract
Extended abstract
introduction
Tourism has significant implications for sustainability. Tourism can make full use of tourism resources in different regions to adjust and optimize industrial structures, expand the agricultural industrial chain, develop tourism services, promote non-agricultural employment, increase farmers' incomes and create a better economic base for construction. Thus, tourism has become a strong pillar for sustainable development in developed and emerging countries. Coastal cities can play an effective role in the development of these areas, and consequently, in the development and growth of the national economy by proper and appropriate planning and identification of capabilities in coastal tourism. Given the unemployment that exists among the various strata of these cities and the main features of job creation in tourism, which includes a wide range of forces, both in terms of education, is an issue that along with effects in this industry, cannot be ignored. Because, tourism as an intelligent and humane element and as important inputs of an urban system can have positive effects in spatial-spatial dimensions and pave the way for sustainable urban development for the studied cities. On the other hand, the lack of careful planning by city managers in the field of tourism to achieve sustainable development in these coastal cities will create problems for both tourists and current and future citizens. Considering that the coastal cities under study are among the tourist cities of the province and the country, and also have the ability to achieve sustainable tourism development, the study of the role that tourism can play in these cities in the field of sustainable development is a significant issue.
Methodology
This research is an applied research in terms of nature, and in terms of data analysis method, it is a descriptive-correlational and causal-relationship that has been evaluated using field and survey methods and a questionnaire. The statistical population of the group of experts including professors and experts and the sample size was determined based on the available method of 20 people. The research tool of the questionnaire and its validity has been done formally by a group of experts who have studied in this field so far and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha test and coefficient of 0.890 indicates the acceptable reliability of the questionnaire for research. Pls software has been used to analyze the data.
Results and discussion
According to the designed model, institutional-managerial indicators have an impact on economic, social-cultural, physical and environmental indicators, and economic indicators have a direct impact on the environment and socio-cultural and physical indicators on the environment. These relationships have been examined internally and indirectly on the main variable, namely sustainable development. Finally, all five indicators studied in the study were directly evaluated on sustainable development, which showed that the managerial-institutional index with a path coefficient of 0.803 plays the most important role in sustainable development. Then the economic index with a coefficient of 0.776 and socio-cultural index with a coefficient of 0.734 and physical and environmental indicators each with coefficients of 0.665 and 0.514, respectively, have the greatest impact on achieving sustainable tourism development. They will have a beach. It should be noted that all relationships and path coefficients, both endogenously and exogenously, have positive and directional effects and the intensity of relationships are evaluated as very high and significant. These indicators are good predictors for the sustainable development of coastal tourism. Due to environmental issues and problems due to the arrival of tourists and the resulting pollution, the environmental behavior of citizens is almost necessary.
Conclusion
According to these results, the main duties of the government are to support and develop maritime activities at the technological, environmental and social levels to meet the needs of the tourist community, make full use of the region's coastal potential and diverse water resources and their basic infrastructure, as well as the establishment of maritime and river transport networks and tourism in many areas. However, tourism and economic potential have not been fully utilized. After the managerial-institutional variable, the economic index and the socio-cultural index have the highest score in the role of coastal tourism on sustainable development. After that, the impact of the physical index and finally the environmental index is in the last rank in terms of impact on sustainable development. According to the analysis of the indicators of this study, it can be said that tourism is the main engine of development for this region and accelerates its sustainable development because, economically, it has a positive effect on income growth, job opportunities and job creation. Gross income and production will increase the motivation of investors to invest in the region. Socially, it causes interaction between residents and tourism, preserving the customs and culture of the region, getting acquainted with other cultures, increasing the presence of women in society, and so on. Physically, it will provide the development of infrastructure, the development of accommodation and catering facilities, the beautification of the environment, the inclusion of recreational and beach uses in plans and planning, and so on. But from the environmental point of view, it causes adverse effects on the cleanliness and cleanliness of the beaches, a negative role on the waste disposal system and increasing pollution and destruction of ecosystems, reducing animal species and changing land uses, and reducing agricultural lands, etc. This will harm the environment of the beaches.
Keywords: Coastal tourism, Sustainable development, Royan, Babolsar and Noor coastal cities.
introduction
Tourism has significant implications for sustainability. Tourism can make full use of tourism resources in different regions to adjust and optimize industrial structures, expand the agricultural industrial chain, develop tourism services, promote non-agricultural employment, increase farmers' incomes and create a better economic base for construction. Thus, tourism has become a strong pillar for sustainable development in developed and emerging countries. Coastal cities can play an effective role in the development of these areas, and consequently, in the development and growth of the national economy by proper and appropriate planning and identification of capabilities in coastal tourism. Given the unemployment that exists among the various strata of these cities and the main features of job creation in tourism, which includes a wide range of forces, both in terms of education, is an issue that along with effects in this industry, cannot be ignored. Because, tourism as an intelligent and humane element and as important inputs of an urban system can have positive effects in spatial-spatial dimensions and pave the way for sustainable urban development for the studied cities. On the other hand, the lack of careful planning by city managers in the field of tourism to achieve sustainable development in these coastal cities will create problems for both tourists and current and future citizens. Considering that the coastal cities under study are among the tourist cities of the province and the country, and also have the ability to achieve sustainable tourism development, the study of the role that tourism can play in these cities in the field of sustainable development is a significant issue.
Methodology
This research is an applied research in terms of nature, and in terms of data analysis method, it is a descriptive-correlational and causal-relationship that has been evaluated using field and survey methods and a questionnaire. The statistical population of the group of experts including professors and experts and the sample size was determined based on the available method of 20 people. The research tool of the questionnaire and its validity has been done formally by a group of experts who have studied in this field so far and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha test and coefficient of 0.890 indicates the acceptable reliability of the questionnaire for research. Pls software has been used to analyze the data.
Results and discussion
According to the designed model, institutional-managerial indicators have an impact on economic, social-cultural, physical and environmental indicators, and economic indicators have a direct impact on the environment and socio-cultural and physical indicators on the environment. These relationships have been examined internally and indirectly on the main variable, namely sustainable development. Finally, all five indicators studied in the study were directly evaluated on sustainable development, which showed that the managerial-institutional index with a path coefficient of 0.803 plays the most important role in sustainable development. Then the economic index with a coefficient of 0.776 and socio-cultural index with a coefficient of 0.734 and physical and environmental indicators each with coefficients of 0.665 and 0.514, respectively, have the greatest impact on achieving sustainable tourism development. They will have a beach. It should be noted that all relationships and path coefficients, both endogenously and exogenously, have positive and directional effects and the intensity of relationships are evaluated as very high and significant. These indicators are good predictors for the sustainable development of coastal tourism. Due to environmental issues and problems due to the arrival of tourists and the resulting pollution, the environmental behavior of citizens is almost necessary.
Conclusion
According to these results, the main duties of the government are to support and develop maritime activities at the technological, environmental and social levels to meet the needs of the tourist community, make full use of the region's coastal potential and diverse water resources and their basic infrastructure, as well as the establishment of maritime and river transport networks and tourism in many areas. However, tourism and economic potential have not been fully utilized. After the managerial-institutional variable, the economic index and the socio-cultural index have the highest score in the role of coastal tourism on sustainable development. After that, the impact of the physical index and finally the environmental index is in the last rank in terms of impact on sustainable development. According to the analysis of the indicators of this study, it can be said that tourism is the main engine of development for this region and accelerates its sustainable development because, economically, it has a positive effect on income growth, job opportunities and job creation. Gross income and production will increase the motivation of investors to invest in the region. Socially, it causes interaction between residents and tourism, preserving the customs and culture of the region, getting acquainted with other cultures, increasing the presence of women in society, and so on. Physically, it will provide the development of infrastructure, the development of accommodation and catering facilities, the beautification of the environment, the inclusion of recreational and beach uses in plans and planning, and so on. But from the environmental point of view, it causes adverse effects on the cleanliness and cleanliness of the beaches, a negative role on the waste disposal system and increasing pollution and destruction of ecosystems, reducing animal species and changing land uses, and reducing agricultural lands, etc. This will harm the environment of the beaches.
Keywords: Coastal tourism, Sustainable development, Royan, Babolsar and Noor coastal cities.
Volume 27, Issue 1 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Due to climate change in recent decades, resilience in times of crisis has become the focus of researchers. The aim of the current research is to analyze the resilience of rural farmers in the wake of drought management and the reduction of damage incurred to the rural community. After investigating numerous studies in the theoretical field of resilience and examine the characteristics expressing the resilience to measure, a combination of the spatial and community-oriented models were used which refer to the dimensions of resilience. Further, the key role of local community as well as social, institutional, economic, physical and ecological dimensions are selected to explain resilience. The research method is quantitative - survey and descriptive, analytical and correlational methods have been used. For this purpose, six villages were selected from Siriz rural district in the north of Kerman province, which are in severe drought condition. Among the 1118 households of the statistical population, using the Cochran formula, a sample size of 286 households was studied. The sampling method in this random research is simple and 286 heads of rural households were interviewed through structured questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using one-sample T-test, and correlation coefficient. The results emphasize the weak resilience in all aspects in these 6 villages where the effects of draught intensified and caused a lot of damage to the villagers and specifically to the farmers.
Volume 27, Issue 3 (Fall 2023)
Abstract
The education of environmental values as one of the fundamental elements of sustainable development as well as a mechanism for the reconstruction and revival of environmental capitals has an important and necessary role. This research aims to identify and study the importance of spatial components of the educational policy model of the mentioned values to achieve this goal, it has taken into account sustainable development theories and educational strategies as well as behavior and ethics-based theories in the field of environmental values. The components and indicators of the study include identifying, extracting, and using questionnaire tools and completing them based on the opinion of 32 experts in the field of environmental education, studying and making a comparative analysis of the data obtained from SPSS software, One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's post hoc analysis. The results confirm that the component familiar with the environment and ecological system has the least importance with a value of 2.925, and the most important component behavioral-cognitive with a value of 3.5533 has been assigned to itself in the formulation and implementation of environmental values policy.
Volume 28, Issue 1 (Spring, 2024 2024)
Abstract
Currently, the strategies implemented for rural guidance have failed to adequately address the fundamental requirements of rural communities, primarily due to the reliance on top-down, centralized methodologies; consequently, participatory approaches have emerged as a critical countermeasure to these hierarchical planning paradigms. Consequently, the primary objective of this research is to assess the engagement of individuals in the formulation of guide plans utilizing a participatory approach and to juxtapose this with prior experiences related to guide plan development, with the ultimate aim of utilizing the findings from this comparative analysis to establish a foundational framework for the development of a novel service description within the scope of preparing rural guide plans through the involvement of local populations. The methodological framework employed in this research is characterized as mixed-methods. The requisite data were procured through the compilation of documents and field surveys conducted via the establishment of collaborative workshops. The statistical population encompasses 20 villages situated within the Eilagh Southern District subset of Bolban Abad Division, located in Dehgolan city, of which 9 villages possessing guide plans were systematically selected as samples organized into 5 groups. To scrutinize the hypotheses, the SPSS software was employed, utilizing ANOVA, Tukey, and T tests for the analysis of two dependent groups, alongside ArcGIS software. The findings indicated that, as per the respondents, the physical-technical index is regarded as paramount. Furthermore, the current assessment of indicators related to public participation in the formulation of rural guide plans, when compared to its significance, is perceived to be below the average threshold and has been appraised as existing in an unstable condition.
Volume 28, Issue 2 (6-2021)
Abstract
Considering the effect of sports on different aspects of individual and social life and its importance at the national level, the present study seeks to examine the role of mass media (radio, television, magazines and internet) in the tendency of women in Tehran. The research method is based on survey and questionnaire data collected from the women statistical society of Tehran. For that matter, 384 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. They were those practicing in public parks and sports clubs in different part of Tehran. The main method in data analysis was Pearson and structural equation modeling and factor analysis with SPSS and AMOS software. Giddens and Budrillard were taken into account to explain the subject in a theatrical framework. The results show that there was a relationship between variables (age and level of development of residential area and women tendency to public sports, but there was no relationship between (academic levels, access to of sports facilities). The results also show that there was a direct and significant relationship between the dimension of media function (eduction, information and advertising, personal body management) and the tendency to public sports, among which information and advertising have the highest correlation coefficient i.e. 0/471 and personal body management had the lowest correlation coefficient of 0/171.
