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Volume 11, Issue 1 (Spring 2021)
Abstract
Aims: Due to high building density and lack of adequate open space in large and growing cities, the possibility of developing green spaces as elements controlling air pollution and urban heat island has decreased. One possible solution is to use the vertical surfaces of buildings to develop vertical greeneries. The right choice of vertical greenery systems according to internal and external factors affecting the system is the key to their success and development. This choice includes the correct choice of each of the four components of the system, including plants, growing media, supporting system, and irrigation/ drainage systems.
Methods: In this study, the factors affecting the selection of these systems were collected and explained through field observation and review and analysis of previous researches and were divided into four general categories based on the effect on each of the main components. Then, through a questionnaire from green wall experts, the prioritization of these factors was evaluated using the Five-point Likert scale. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Cronbachchr('39')s Alpha, Friedman, and Spearmanchr('39')s correlation tests, and presented.
Results: The results showed that external factors: "budget", "type of selected plants", "type of vertical greenery system" and "climatic conditions (temperature and humidity)" and also the internal factor: "structural characteristics and building materials" have had the greatest impact on the choice of these systems.
Conclusion: Paying attention to the importance of each of these factors and the prioritizations can help in organized decision making and optimal selection of vertical greenery systems.
Volume 14, Issue 2 (3-2023)
Abstract
Until the end of the Qajar period, the educational system was more in line with the traditional system. No significant steps were taken in the field of education.
Applying modern education in Iranian society made a fundamental change in the field of teaching and training, during which new-style schools were built in various regions.
Due to the predominant nomadic and rural texture in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari region, the government faced with serious challenges to implement the modern education system. Accordingly, local Khans and headmen of villages, as influencers in Bakhtiari society, had important impacts on the education by relying on their socio-political positions.
This research follows a descriptive-analytical method based on documents and library studies.
It will address the question of what role the local Khans and headmen of villages played in establishing new schools in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari region and what challenges they faced in this direction.
The findings of the research show that Bakhtiari Khans were influenced by society. They encouraged their children to have higher education; In order to increase the level of literacy, they set up schools even at their own expense.
The local headmen of villages, who mediated between the government and the people, also played an influential role in the construction, reconstruction, and financing schools.