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Research on Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT) has received much attention in language education in Vietnam. However, research on investigating perceptions of secondary school teachers towards TBLT implementation in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam is still scarce. The current study investigates secondary school English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ understandings of task concept and TBLT principles. It also explores teachers’ attitudes and concerns in implementing TBLT. Ninety-eight secondary school EFL teachers participated in the study. Framed by TBLT principles adapted from Nguyen, Jaspaert and Van den Branden (2018), a survey was used to collect quantitative data. The results indicated that the teachers generally had a high level of understanding of task concept and TBLT principles. In addition, they showed positive views on implementing TBLT in their practices. The results also addressed teachers’ concerns in implementing TBLT into their teaching practices including time constraints, the mismatch between the reform goals proposed by the Ministry of Education and Training (MoET) and current teaching policies at the secondary school level as well as the large class size. Accordingly, insightful implications for a better TBLT implementation in Vietnam and similar contexts elsewhere have been taken into consideration.
 

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Honey was reported numerous benefit containing nutritional ingredients and phytochemical such as polyphenol, flavonoid was widely used around the world. In this study, the physicochemical characteristics on the quality of coffee flower honey has been evaluated during storage. The honey was collected from Dak Lak, Buon Me Thuot, and Kon Tum province in Vietnam and stored at room temperature (30-32^oC) for 12 month. Total sugar, reducing sugar, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), acid value, total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were evaluated for each two month to determine the quality of sensory quality and nutritional value. After 12 month storage time, the content of total sugar, and reducing sugar gradually decreased along with the increase of HMF and acid content in the coffee flower honey samples a lead to sweetness of honey is decrease, acidity, and color increase, which is a signal indicating a decline in sensory quality and nutritional value. The content of TPC and TFC increased during the first 6-10 months of storage and then also tended to decrease, indicating that coffee flower honey should not be stored for too long (more than 10 months) because of phytochemicals reducing.

 

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Adoption of agricultural technology is important for improving rice yield and household income in developing countries. Using fixed effects, random effects, and Instrumental Variable/Two-Stage Least-Squares (IV/2SLS) methods, this study examined the economic impacts of agricultural technology adoption by focusing on the case of hybrid rice varieties in rural Vietnam. The empirical results revealed that hybrid varieties adoption significantly increased productivity but induced higher intermediate costs. Meanwhile, there was no significant impact of adoption on value added. In addition, poor adopters had higher productivity and incur more intermediate costs than non-poor adopters. The findings suggest that the Vietnamese government should enact relevant policies to enhance the farmers’ access to better inputs and the effectiveness of rice farming activities.

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As a salt adsorbent, biochar could remove/isolate salt ions e.g. Na through physiochemical adsorption to mitigate the salinity of brackish water, but little is known about its magnitude and mechanisms. The current study aimed to examine the effects of biochar on: (1) Na-adsorptive capacity and mechanism and (2) Electrical Conductivity (EC) and K displacement. Six pyrolysis temperatures (250, 350, 450, 550, 650, and 750ºC) were applied to produce biochars from rice husk. The biochars were then used as adsorbents to adsorb Na from salty water varying in NaCl concentrations. The Langmuir isotherm Model (LMM) and Dubinin-Radushkevick isotherm Model (DRM) were used to quantify the dependence of adsorbed Na on Na concentration at equilibrium. The LMM quantification revealed that the maximum Na-adsorptive capacity of biochars increased from 25.8 to 67.8 (mg g^-1) upon increased temperatures. The EC was reduced and the K amount displaced from biochar was increased with an increase in pyrolysis temperature. The DRM quantification revealed that the Na-adsorptive mechanism was mainly a physical process. A significant relationship between the Na amount adsorbed and the K amount displaced from biochar suggested that the ion-exchange mechanism could co-exist. In brief, the findings indicated that the salinity of the brackish water could be significantly mitigated by the biochar treatment through mainly physical adsorption leading to a reduced EC and increased K: Na ratio.

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The paper aims to explore the crucial antecedents of consumer behaviour toward sustainable consumption of organic food. The integrated fuzzy set theory and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methods, with experts’ suggestion approach were adopted.The results reveal the six origins of sustainable consumption of organic foods, namely, the government support and guidance, mass media agents, education and research institutions, and consumer demographics (educational level, income status and age). The study grants an alternative approach for sustainable consumption theory using a fuzzy-set theory and DEMATEL methods.