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The current article deals with evaluation of transition process of social values within Iran by the researches performed in the years 1974-2009. Due to the fact that the Islamic revolution of Iran was relied on spiritual and sublime values, therefore, political order of the revolution intended to expand and deepen these values. Since recognition of probable transitions of social values in Iranian society during these years enjoys a great importance, this study is based upon the secondary analysis of the results of national surveys during the years 1974 - 2009 for evaluation of transitions of social values in Iranian society within this time. The most important results obtained are as follows: 1) The amount of importance of material values for Iranian society from 1970s until the third decade of the revolution has increased. 2) Assessment from the importance ratio almost all spiritual values indexes has decreased from 1970s until third decade of the revolution and, 3) Assessment from the importance amount of material and spiritual Value for the age group of 50 or more (pre- revolution adolescences) is more than the age group of current living youngsters.

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The quality of relation between religiosity and electoral behavior as the research main question derives observation of the paradoxical result of some researches about the relation of these two variables. For deeper understanding of the relation between these two variables, the scale of religiosity, and electoral behavior in two levels of voting attitude and voting participation were analyzed. According to the review of the theoretical and experimental literature, two hypotheses were proposed as fallows: increasing in the scale of the religiosity leads to higher voting participation and voting to Osulgarayan, and decreasing in the scale of religiosity leads to lower voting participation and voting to Eslahtalaban. The research method was survey with questionair and three observational questions. The statistical population of the current research was Tarbait Modares University students. Through nonprobability sampling, 376 students were purposefully selected as sample size. Some descriptive statistics and analytical techniques were used (mean, frequency distribution cross tables, T test, linear and logistic regression). According to the findings, the scale of religiosity has a significant effect on electoral behavior (voting attitude and voting participation), such that increasing in the scale of religiosity leads to voting toosulgarayan and increasing in the voting participation, while decreasing in the scale of religiosity leads to voting to Eslahtalaban and decreasing in the voting participation.

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In cyberspace, Social networks have been born as a new type of websites and have gained an enormous range of users and fans. Social networks are one type of social media and are places for forming virtual communities of interested users. Internet users have been classified in different ways based on their type of using social networks. This study seeks to provide a mechanism to predict patterns of behavior in social networks. Due to the expansion of social networks, the selected network requires a model based on the new strategic decisions or policies for better serve users. This study uses data mining techniques for classification and analysis of social network users for better understanding of their behavior and improving services and developing appropriate strategies. Understanding behavioral patterns of users of social networks lead to better adaptation to user needs. The user population applied for analysis includes 31033 users that use a specific Iranian Social Network regularly. A method for clustering and orientation analysis based on past users behavior using CRISP-DM and data mining software is deeply analyzed and described. A full perception of users’ behavior will result in a better match of social network features with users’ needs as well as a high value added for users and profitability for social network owners.

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An overview of social science history implies numerous methodological controversies about the rationale of historical explanation or causal inference in a particular case with the design of "single case research". In this paper, three methodological criticisms of historical explanations of a particular case were first described. Then, the main answer was the methodologists who defended historical research or internal explanations, who argued that such criticisms were based on a particular logic of causal inference, which governed quantitative or statistical research tradition. the historical explanation and causal inference in a single case uses a different logic called Bayesianism.