Showing 16 results for Shoushtari
Volume 2, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
A survey was conducted to identify the fungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) in Kermanshah province (west of Iran) during 2010-2011. The specimens were collected from nine different localities. Adults were reared from the fruiting bodies of Agaric fungi. Five species are recorded for the first time from Iran: Mycetophila strigatoides (Lundrock), Allodia ornaticollis (Meigen), Rymosia pseudocretensis Burghele-Balacesco, Synplasta gracilis (Winnertz) and Sciophila eryngii Chandler. Eight host associations (gnats-fungi) are also reported for the first time. The diagnostic characters, host range and geographical distribution of each species are given.
Volume 2, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
The fauna of Onychiurinae were investigated in different parts of Kermanshah province during 2013–2014. Specimens were collected from both leaf litter and surface layer of the soil. Totally four species from three genera were found. All of them are new for Kermanshah province and Protaphorura levantina (Christiansen, 1956), Heteraphorura cf. japonica (Yosii, 1967) and Vibronychiurus archivari (Christiansen, 1956) were not previously recorded in Iran; it is also the first time that the genus of Vibronychiurus Pomorski, 1998, is collected and reported for the country.
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2018)
Abstract
Present study was done in forests of northern Iran during 2016 to investigate Entomobryomorpha (Collembola) fauna. Seven genera and nine species belonging to families Tomoceridae and Entomobryidae were found. The genus Pogonognathellus Paclt, 1944 and species P. flavescens (Tullberg, 1871) belonging to Tomoceridae family are recorded for the first time from Iran, also three new records from Entomobryidae of genus Entomobrya Rondani, 1861 are reported for Mazandaran province fauna.
Volume 7, Issue 3 (Summer 2019)
Abstract
Aims: Locus of control (LOC) refers to the extent to which individuals believe that they can control events that affect them. Health Locus of Control (HLOC) refers to beliefs that related to how one’s health is affected by oneself, others, or fate; and also it is one of the most broadly measured factors of health beliefs for the scheduling of health education programs. The aim of this study was to assess HLOC among Students at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This cross‑sectional study was conducted in 297 students in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in Iran selected by simple random sampling method in 2018. Data collection was done by the demographic questionnaire and Form “B” of Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scale. Statistical analysis includes (ANOVA, t-test, Pearson test) was performed using SPSS version 20 and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Findings: The mean±SD of three dimensions of HLOC were 26.41±3.98, 16.64±4.36 and 21.67±4.37 for internal, chance and powerful others respectively. There was a significant relationship between internal and powerful others locus of control dimensions with sex (p=0.035, p=0.041). Further, there was not a significant relationship between HLOC dimensions with students’ age, major, parent’s education and occupation.
Conclusion: Since the most scores were relating to an internal locus of control dimension and fewer scores were relating to the chance locus of control dimension, it can be concluded that personal behavioral factors have more influence on students' health and their beliefs about chance, luck or fate has less influence on their health.
Volume 7, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
Specimens of springtails were collected from soil and leaf litter in the forests of Mazandaran province, north of Iran during 2016–2017. Three species were recorded in this country for the first time, Xenylla szeptyckii Skarżyński, Piwnik & Porco, 2018 (Hypogastruridae), Friesea espunaensis Arbea & Jordana, 1993 (Neanuridae) and Tomocerina minuta (Tullberg, 1877) (Tomoceridae). Detailed descriptions of these species are provided based on the materials collected from Mazandaran province, Iran.
Volume 7, Issue 4 (Winter 2023)
Abstract
Research subject: Using microwave and ultrasonic waves is a novel method in the petroleum industry that has been investigated for various purposes. Due to polar elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, oil molecules are affected by the electric field of microwave waves and create dipole moments that generate hotspots, increasing the temperature of the oil and breaking down heavy compounds such as asphaltene. Ultrasonic waves eliminate intermolecular forces by creating tiny bubbles and bursting them. It also leads to the breakdown of heavy molecules such as asphaltene.
Research approach: In this study, crude oil was exposed to microwave and ultrasonic radiation, and changes in its properties were investigated. The effects of changing parameters such as power and time on crude oil properties were also examined. Changes in the specific gravity and API can indicate the extent of the breakdown of heavy molecules such as asphaltene and improvement in crude oil quality.
Main results: Using microwave and ultrasonic waves can reduce the viscosity of crude oil by 12.4% and 6% and increase the API by 2.8 and 1.2 degrees, respectively. Asphaltene reduction due to microwave and ultrasonic waves is 9.3% and 4.3%, respectively, indicating the breakdown of these compounds and the conversion to smaller compounds soluble in oil, resulting in improved crude oil quality. The EDS results show an increase in the weight percentage of carbon and the reduction of elements such as oxygen and sulfur, which confirms this issue. Examining crude oil structure under microwave and ultrasonic radiation showed that microwave waves, in addition to affecting straight-chain hydrocarbons, also reduced aromatic compounds. However, ultrasonic waves had a more significant effect on straight-chain hydrocarbon structure.
Volume 8, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
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In this study the biodiversity and relative abundance of Collembola was evaluated in two different ecosystems, citrus field and forest in Mazandaran province, Iran. Samples were carried out during 2016 and 2017. In each site, soil was sampled by a collecting core from 5×5 cm in surface area and a depth of 10 cm. Species richness, biodiversity and the indices of similarity were calculated. The results of T-Test showed that in two years (2016 and 2017), the values of Shannon-Wiener diversity and Simpson species diversity index were significantly different between sampling areas (Pvalue<0.05), but the values of Margalef richness and Pielou evenness index were not significantly (Pvalue˃0.05). In the year 2016, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, Pielou evenness and Margalef species richness in Dasht-e Naz forest were 1.92 ± 0.1, 0.83 ± 0.03, 2.01 ± 0.2 and 0.94 ± 0.04 respectively, and in citrus field were 1.44 ± 0.11, 0.73 ± 0.02, 1.46 ± 0.37 and 0.9 ± 0.03 respectively. Also, in the year 2017, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, Pielou evenness and Margalef species richness in Dasht-e Naz forest were 1.79 ± 0.05, 0.81 ± 0.08, 1.38 ± 0.25 and 0.94 ± 0.09 respectively, and in citrus field were 0.98 ± 0.22, 0.58 ± 0.08, 1.02 ± 0.35 and 0.95 ± 0.05 respectively. In general, the results showed that the abundance and biodiversity of Collembola in Dasht-e Naz forest was higher than in citrus field.
Volume 8, Issue 3 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Aim: Adolescence is a very sensitive and important period in everybody’s life, particularly in individuals with disabilities, because it can significantly impact their experiences. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between curiosity and academic well-being among adolescents with physical and motor disabilities.
Method and Materials: The statistical population in this descriptive correlational study included all the adolescents 12-18 years old with physical and motor disabilities in Khuzestan Province of Iran during the academic year 2022–2023. The study sample consisted of 282 adolescents who selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments included the Academic Wellbeing Questionnaire, the two-dimensional Curiosity and Discovery Inventory, and the Students’ Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SASEQ). The proposed model was evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM).
Findings: The results revealed that there was a significant direct path from curiosity to academic self-efficacy (P<0.001). However, the direct relationship between curiosity and academic well-being was not significant. In addition, a significant relationship, mediated by academic self-efficacy was found between curiosity and academic well-being linked by an indirect path (P<0.001).
Conclusions: Overall, the modified final model exhibited a good fit. Accordingly, this model can be considered a useful step in identifying factors that influence academic well-being of adolescents with physical and motor disabilities.
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
The biodiversity of the Noctuidae, an economically important family of Noctuoidea which include major crop pests, is becoming well-identified nowadays in Iran due to the increased number of faunal expeditions. The two large subfamilies of Noctuidae namely Xyleninae Guenée, 1837 and Noctuinae Latreille, 1809 comprise the majority of Iran's noctuid moth fauna. Two species, Leucochlaena hoerhammeri (Wagner, 1931) and Dichagyris (Stenosomides) mansoura (Chrétien, 1911) members of Xyleninae and Noctuinae subfamilies, respectively, are recorded from Iran for the first time. This is also the first record of the subgenus Stenosomides Strand, 1942 from Iran. Both the external and genital characteristics of the newly recorded species are presented together with illustrations of the adults and their genitalia.
Volume 11, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Prior to this study eight species of Mesopolobus Westwood were recognized from Iran. In this study, one species namely M. aspilus (Walker) is newly recorded. An illustration of the external features of this species is provided. All known species from Iran were reviewed, the key to species and their geographical distribution in Iran is provided.
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Individuals with substance use disorder often struggle with chronic and recurrent episodes, experiencing a lack of control over their behaviors and significant disruptions in motivation. This study investigated the relationship between anxious attachment, family well-being, and addiction susceptibility among university students with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation.
Instrument & Methods: This study utilized structural equation modeling, a widely recognized multivariate correlation method, to examine the relationship between various factors in the context of addiction susceptibility. The target population for this study comprised students from the Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. Through convenience sampling, a sample of 300 students was selected. All participants completed the Potential Addiction Scale, Experience in Close Relationships Scale, Family-of-Origin Scale, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Scale. The collected data underwent statistical analysis using SEM, revealing a well-fitted model.
Findings: Anxious attachment and family health significantly influenced participants' inclination toward addiction (p<0.001). These effects were directly and indirectly observed, mediated by cognitive emotion regulation (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Reducing addiction tendencies in young individuals can be achieved through training families and university students on cultivating secure attachment styles, employing adaptive cognitive regulation strategies, and promoting overall family health.
Volume 13, Issue 4 (1-2011)
Abstract
Objective: Survey of molecular characterization of nucleoprotein gene of H9N2 avian influenza viruses and determination of the genetic relationship of Iranian H9N2 viruses and other Asian viruses.
Materials and Methods: The nucleoprotein (NP) genes from 4 isolates of H9N2 viruses isolated from commercial chickens in Iran during 2008-2009 were amplified by RT-PCR method and sequenced. Nucleotide sequences (orf) of the NP genes were used for phylogenetic tree construction.
Results: Nucleotide sequence analysis of the NP gene showed that the Iranian virus isolates did not exhibit insertions or deletions within nucleoprotein (NP) gene as compare with their prototype A/turkey/winconsin/66; however numerous point mutations were occurred in the gene length of these viruses similar to the previous Iranian strains. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that these isolates are very closely related (96/7-99/6) and shared a homology of 91/9-92/3% and 91/5-92% with 2 human isolates A/HK/1073/99 and A/Hk/2108/2003, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the NP gene showed that all the NP genes of the Iranian H9N2 viruses fall into a single group within a G1-like sublineage which had contributed as donor of six internal genes to H5N1 a highly pathogenic avian influenza.
Conclusions: The current study indicated that the NP gene of H9N2 influenza viruses circulating in Iran during the past years were well conserved. It seems that the differences between these Iranian virus isolates are the result of accumulation of point mutations among them.
Seyed-Hossein Beheshti Shoushtari, Farangis Ataei, Saman Hosseinkhani,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (9-2023)
Abstract
SH-SY5Y is a neuroblastoma cell line which used as a cancer and neurodegenerative disorders model and its neuro-experimental studies. The different diseases cause by a defect in apoptosis pathway. Disruption of apoptotic proteins has an effect on the treatment process and response to drugs. In nerve cells, due to the high expression of apoptosis inhibitory proteins, the efficacy of drugs is low. Combination therapy is one of the developing treatment methods. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of doxorubicin drug on apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells under the conditions of high expression of caspase9. Caspase9 is a key enzyme in intrinsic apoptosis. First, cell viability was obtained through MTT assay under the different drug concentrations. Then, caspase9 gene was transfected in cells and affected by the concentration lower than IC50 of drug, and cell energy level and cell death were checked by different methods. ATP assay showed that the expression of caspase9 with drug lead to ATP decreases. Caspase3/7 activity indicated an increase in cell death by drug and caspase. Propidium staining to hoechst showed that the expression of caspase9 in combination with doxorubicin induce more death. To ensure the expression levels of protein that induces cell death, the amount of caspase3 protein was checked by western blotting, which showed a significant increase in combination of caspase9 and drug. Our findings showed that the induction of caspase9 expression intensifies the effect of drug and the combined treatment may be effective on the responsiveness of neuronal diseases.
Zahra Mardashti, Mehdi Zeinoddini, Samaneh Fatollahi Arani, Mohammad Shoushtari,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (12-2024)
Abstract
Since 2012, dengue disease has been considered as one of the most important viral diseases transmitted through arthropods and has become one of the major health problems in tropical and subtropical regions of the world In recent years. This virus has four serotypes and is transmitted through the Aedes mosquito. The aim of this Work is to investigate methods for diagnosing, treating, and controlling dengue disease. The method of conducting the study was based on observation and interpretation of information obtained from relevant scientific articles and books. This study was conducted in the spring and summer of 1403 by checking keywords such as Dengue virus, Aedes aegypti, dengue vaccine, detection, protection, chemical control on NCBI, Google, PubMed, WHO search engines. The molecular methods (real-time PCR) and immunoassay are often used to detect dengue virus. In order to prevent the disease, it is also recommended to control the life cycle of Aedes mosquito and use of quadrivalent live and attenuated Dengvxia and TAK-003 vaccines. The clinical treatment of this disease is done using serum therapy and the use of liquids. Finally, chemical and biological control methods of Aedes mosquito are also recommended as strategies to deal with this disease. In this review article, while describing the specific characteristics of dengue virus, the diagnostic and treatment methods of this disease have been scientifically investigated. It is also presented how to prevent control of this disease.
Volume 19, Issue 6 (11-2017)
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) is one of the major limiting factors in host plant production in the world and Iran. In this study, the effect of semi-artificial diets based on the seeds of different cultivars of white and red kidney bean, canola, soybean, and cowpea on eco-physiological parameters of H. armigera were investigated. The results showed that the shortest (22.71 days) and longest (28.94 days) development time of H. armigera was observed on cowpea cultivar Mashhad and canola cultivar Opera, respectively. The maximum immature mortality of H. armigera was on soybean cultivars M7 and Clark. Cowpea cultivar Mashhad had the highest r (0.299 day-1). The lowest level of proteolytic activity was 2.829 U mg-1 on soybean cultivar M7 for the 3rd instar larvae, 2.525 U mg-1 on soybean cultivars Crark for the 4th instar larvae, and 2.292 U mg-1 on soybean cultivar Sari for the 5th instar larvae. Nutritional indices of 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and whole instar larvae of H. armigera were affected by the artificial diets, i.e. seeds of different cultivars. According to the results, semi-artificial diets containing bean seeds (specifically cowpea cultivar Mashhad and white kidney bean cultivar Daneshkadeh) were more suitable than semi-artificial diets containing soybean and canola seeds for rearing of H. armigera.
Volume 20, Issue 5 (7-2018)
Abstract
The Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is a key pest of wheat in Iran. The nymphs and adults reduce wheat yield quality and quantity by feeding on leaves, stems, and grains. Pesticide application is the main method of Sunn pest control. Precocene, a juvenile hormone inhibitor, exerts cytotoxic effects on corpora allata of insects' species. . In this research, the effect of precocene-I (7-methoxy-2, 2-dimethyl chormene) on Sunn pest egg development and subsequent progenies was evaluated in the laboratory. Concentration range on eggs bioassay was 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 µg mL-1. The results of bioassay tests on 2- and 5-day old eggs showed that LC50 values were 15.4 and 15 µg mL-1, respectively. Therefore, old eggs were more sensitive than young eggs. The effects of LC30 and LC50 of precocene-I on the egg and nymphal mortality were significantly stronger than the control, and the highest mortality rates in the first and third instars were 14.28 and 13.26%, respectively. Also, precocene-I did not affect embryonic period, but increased nymphal period (39.3 days), compared to the control (34.8 days). Morphological changes on nymphs that emerged from treated eggs included large wings and hemelytron. The fifth instars showed deformed scutellum. Also, typically, some old cuticules were not completely separated.
