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Melanoides tuberculate as Bioindicator of the Heavy Metal Contamination in Water and Sediment Pollution of Euphrates River at Thi-Qar province, Iraq

Volume 10, Issue 2 (Spring 2022)
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was determination the diversity of the aquatic Gastropoda species and to assess heavy metals in water, sediment, soft tissue, and shell Melanoides tuberculata by evaluating some of the physical and chemical factors for the river.
Material & Methods: The study was done during the Summer and Winter seasons and samples were collected from three study sites along the Euphrates river. The samples were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy for the detection of heavy metals.
Findings: The results revealed that Melanoides tuberculate, Physella acuta, Pisidium dubium, Melanopsis nodosa, and Corbicula fluminea were found in the studied station in both seasons with a high percent ratio (37.73, 20.27, 6.58, 8.42, 26.98%, respectively) in the summer season. Sediment has the highest mean concentration more than water. The heavy metals order was arranged as ZnMelanoides tuberculate is higher than in shell and they were arranged as Pb
Conclusion: Lead and Zink were higher and exceed the permissible level. Melanoides tuberculate could accumulate the heavy metals in their metals then it could use as a bio-indicator for these metals to detect the pollution in the Euphrates River.
 
Association of Cycle Threshold (Ct) Values of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR with Disease Severity and Symptoms among COVID-19 Patients in Ghadamis, Libya
Ghassan Tayh, Asma Elramli, Siham R Agouri, Elmundr Abughnia, Naila Y Abdulrahman, Abdulghafar A Shihab, Hafsa A Alemam,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (Fall 2024)
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the relationship between cycle threshold (Ct) values and disease severity, symptoms, and comorbidities in COVID-19-positive individuals.
 Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on COVID-19 patients who were admitted to General Ghadamis hospital and diagnosed with COVID-19 from August 2020 to 2021. The association between Ct values and symptoms, demographic characteristics, and clinical characteristics was analyzed by SPSS analysis.
Findings: A total of 286 patients were included in this study, of whom 53.5% were female, and 46.5% were male, with a median age of 53 years (range: 1–90 years). Among symptomatic individuals, 51.4% had severe COVID-19 symptoms, and 26.6% had mild symptoms. Severe systemic symptoms were significantly associated with older age groups. The majority of elderly patients (66%) exhibited low Ct values (Ct ≤ 24), indicating a high viral load. Additionally, 64.6 and 40.8% of patients with severe and mild symptoms had low Ct values. Symptoms varied significantly across patients with low, medium, and high Ct values. There was a strong correlation between lower Ct values and the presence of comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular accident, and cancer.
Conclusion: Compared to asymptomatic individuals, most symptomatic patients with severe and mild symptoms had significantly lower Ct values. These findings highlight the critical role of viral load in SARS-CoV-2 progression and suggest that Ct values could be used to predict the spread of infection in the community.
 
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