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In the current research, based on the descriptive-analytical method, the phonological and morphological changes of Persian loanwords in the process of localization, as well as the influence and impact of the Persian language on the Ottoman Turkish language, have been studied. For this purpose, by referring to all the dictionaries, the dictionary of definitions and allusions, thematic dictionaries and encyclopedias that were written during the period of the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia, the data required for this research, which were about 6000 Persian loanwords, were collected and examined. In this research, using Excel software and with the help of computer, the percentage and frequency of occurrence of common processes in the field of phonology and morphology have been determined. The results of the research show that among phonetic and phonological processes including vowel harmony, phonetic over differentiation, assimilation, metathesis, insertion, omitition, lenition, and weakening; Vowel harmony, which is one of the prominent features of Turkish as an agglutinating language, has the highest frequency. In the morphological field where the processes of composition and derivation were examined, derivation has the most frequency. Despite the different typological characteristics of the Persian and Turkish languages, the relationship between these two languages ​​has been extensive and its consequences have been remarkably one-sided, the consequence of which is the existence of many Persian words in the Ottoman Turkish language.
 

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In this article, I have tried to see whether one can find any signs of Mowlavi's influence in the poetry of Hafez. Two considerations have made me deal separately with the form and the content of works of the two poets; a) the deeply static and change resistant nature of the Persian traditional culture, which makes it difficult to say whether one is facing a case of shared culture or one of poetic influence; and b) the need for use of two theoretical standpoints (intertextuality and metaphor v. metonymy) to deal with content and form respectively. The results I have come up with are as follows: 1. As regards the content, one can detect more of an empathy arising from cultural unity rather than any trace of influence of one upon the other. 2. As for the form, one cannot help noticing that Hafez is exceedingly conscious of form, whereas Mowlavi pays little attention to it. 3. Whiltst Hafez leans heavily upon metaphor, Mowlavi is greatly inclined towards metonymy; one tends to ascension, the other to movement forward along the same route. 4. Finally, Hafez does not seem to have made any greater use of the form and content of Mowlavi's poetry with an eye to emulation than of the poetry of other poets, both previous and contemporary with him.

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From 2009 to 2012, 16 species of Curculionidae (Coleoptera) from the subfamily Lixinae were collected on 17 species of food plants in Iranian rangelands. Identified species belong to seven genera in the tribes Lixini and Cleonini. The host plants from which they were collected were in the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Apiaceae, Campanulaceae, Brassicaceae and Zygophyllaceae. Of the 16 species that we captured, two (Lixus subfarinosus Desbrochers, 1893 and Larinus remissus Faust, 1889) represent the first records from Iran. These new data also extend the known ranges of several species (Larinus fucatus Faust, 1894, Larinus grisescens Gyllenhal, 1835, Microlarinus rhinocylloides Hochhuth, 1847 and Bangasternus planifrons (Brulle, 1832) in Iran. The distribution of beetles and their associated host plants are presented and ecological notes on each species are provided.

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Epic is the oldest type of literary that its form is similar to story, because epic, like a story, has three parts: beginning part, middle part & ending part. Epic is descended from myth. It also encompasses story and novel inside. This paper tries to achieve better understanding about a part of epical literature, which reflects on epical tents and enjoys narrative features and symbol language. Description and specification of narrative structure of pictorial and basically language epic through Mick Ball’s theory is the purpose of this writing. Rostam and Esfandiyar story is chosen because this paper tries to show features of narrative tents in literary form. Then these features are studied based on Mick Ball’s, theory to show Ferdosy’s, s tendency toward story waiting elements & structure of narrative tents. This paper shows that epical story (both pictorial and basically language) like other types of basically language stories, has story line (beginning, story progression toward Elman, problem solving and final result).  

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Background:  Aeromonas spp. can cause diarrhea and various infections in humans. Access to rapid techniques with a high sensitivity and specificity is strongly needed for the identification of Aeromonas species. The aim of this study was to evaluate two different methods including API 20E bacterial identification tests and the molecular detection using PCR primers specific for 16s-rRNA and 23S-rRNA genes sequences for identification of Aeromonas spp. in stool samples from patients with diarrhea. Materials and Methods: One hundred stool samples from diarrheal patients were collected. All isolates were subjected toAPI 20 E strip tests and PCR using specific primers for identification of Aeromonas spp. Results: The API 20E analysis identified 2 (2.2%) isolates as Aeromonas spp. Molecular identification by aero-23S-rRNA gene confirmed the same 2 isolates as identified by the API 20E strips. Conclusion: Both API 20E system and PCR method using Aero 23S-rRNA primer were found to be accurate in identification of Aeromonas spp. isolates with highconfidence.

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Vibrio cholerae O1 are classified into two biotypes, classical and El Tor based on susceptibility to bacteriophages and some biochemical properties, each encoding a biotype-specific genetic determinants. Before 1961, most epidemics had been caused by the classical biotype. However, with the passage of time, the classical biotype missed from the scenario and the El Tor emerged as the major biotype causing the cholera in humans. The present cholera global pandemic is attributed to a change among seventh pandemic strains and emergence of V. cholerae O139, V. cholerae O1 El Tor hybrid, and V. cholera O1 El Tor with altered cholera toxin subunit B. The V. cholerae  biotypes are not only different in phenotype but also human infections caused by them are different clinically. Infection with classical V. cholerae O1 more frequently produces severe infection than does El Tor, suggesting that the genetic and phenotypic differences between the two biotypes may also be reflected in their pathogenic potential. Considering the recent emergence of “hybrid biotype” and “El Tor variant” in different areas and in our country, we reviewed differences in genetic structure of V. cholerae biotypes.

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Abstract Nowadays, due to intense competition, organizations are operating their activities in a dynamic and high uncertainty environment. From a competitive perspective, having continued profit depends on attracting new customers and retaining existing ones. Currently, all the attention has been focused on the relationship with customer and customer is considered as an essential component of the organization. The purpose of this study is to investigate 10 effective factors of Lindgreen Model on Implementation of customer relationship in agencies which belong to Mostazafan Foundation and to rank those effective factors. Lindgreen Model is one of the most comprehentive models for investigating the implementation of CRM. Those effective factors include Information Technology, People, Knowledge Management, Customer Strategy, Culture, Customer Relation Management Processe, Customer Interaction Strategy, Organization, Brand Strategy and Value-Add Strategy. The required data are gathered by distributing questionnaire among 385 customers of Aito and Perspolis agencies, using simple random sampling. The data are analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test (k-s Test), Binomial Test and Friedman Test and also TOPSIS and Shanon’s Entropy Model. The results show that the ten factors of Lindgreen model in the implementation of customer relationship management agencies of Mostazafan Foundation are effective but their ranks are different.   Keywords: Customer Relationship Management, Lindgreen Model, Tourism Indusrty

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Background: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tet genes and Class I and 2 integrons in Enterobacter cloacae strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Materials & Method: A total of 50 E. cloacae isolates were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and tetracycline MIC were determined. The presence of tet genes (tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD) and Class 1 and 2 integrons and the content of Class 1 integron were determined.
Findings: Tetracycline MIC pattern classified 36 % of the E. cloacae isolates as resistant. The most common tet gene was tetC (22%), followed by tetD, tetA, and tetB.  Class 1 integron was detected in 64% of the isolates. Class 1 integron content analysis showed two variable gene cassettes (aadA1 and aadA5/dfrA17 genes). The frequency of aadA5/dfrA17 was 18.75%, which was more common than aadA1 gene (6.25%).
Conclusion: The most important genetic markers for tetracycline resistance in E. cloacae isolates were tetC and Class 1 integron. Harboring Class 1 integron and resistance to streptomycin and ciprofloxacin were significantly correlated.

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The aim of this study is to describe the inflectional structure of Persian verbs based on the theory of Words and Paradigm. We aim to clarify the nature of paradigm or verb inflectional patterns in Persian and the way the multiple roles of inflectional patterns such as person and number can be separated and transparently expressed. Therefore, we extracted sentences from Persian grammar books   and analyzed the structure of their verbs. These structures include Person and Number, Participle, Voice, Infinitive and Mood. Results showed that one-to-many or many-to-one correspondence of the inflectional properties of Persian verb can be described using Word and Paradigm model. This model is different from Item and arrangement or Item and Process models, due to the fact that words are considered as a totality for analysis .In the frame of the two mentioned models, words are divided into a sequence of discrete units. In addition, it became clear that the inflectional structures of the verb in Persian are of a morpho-syntactic nature and considering a layered structure for the verb helps to separate the multiple functions of the inflectional structure of Persian verb. Therefore it is possible to describe the characteristics of Persian Verb in the frame of Word and Paradigm model.
 
 

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Aim Land use change (LUC) not only affects the plant and soil functional properties, but also influences soil nutrients efficiency. This research was carried out to examine the effect of grassland conversion to dry farming on the efficiency of bio-mineral nutrients in semi-arid loamy soils of northwestern Iran.
Materials & methods Animal manure (AM: 100 and 200 g. Kg^-1), useful micro-organisms (UMOs: 1 and 2%), superabsorbent polymers (SAP: 10 and 30 g. Kg^-1) and potassium nano-silicate (PNS: 500 and 1000 mg. Kg^-1) were used for grass Festuca ovina L. cultivated in grassland and dry farming soil at a completely randomized factorial design.
Findings Based on the results, LUC strongly affected the efficiency of soil nutrients especially PNS (P ≤0.01) where the highest and lowest effects of different nutrients were observed under dry farming and grassland, respectively. A maximum difference of 24.0%, 45.0% and 24.0% were observed in plant biomass, chlorophyll, moisture content, respectively, using 200 g. Kg^-1 AM and 30 g. Kg^-1 SAP in soil of grassland and dry farming. Also, maximum difference of 71.0% and 67.0% occurred at soil phosphorus and organic matter, respectively between grassland and dry farming.
Conclusion depending on the type and amount of fertilizer, convert the grasslands to rainfed areas significantly influence plant performance and soil improvement. Overall, due to the undisturbed soil, grasslands show a better performance than rainfed areas under any rehabilitation program.

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Introduction: Fish consumption is increasing due to the global population growth. Therefore, taking advantage of new methods such as marine aquaculture can be a reliable source for the production of fish in the world. The purpose of this study is the spatial analysis of marine aquaculture farms in the coasts of Mazandaran province.
Materials and methods: In this study, three categories of criteria (water quality, economic-social and physical-environmental) were considered for spatial analysis of aquaculture farms in the coasts of Mazandaran, which are based on the Geographic Information System (GIS) and hierarchical analysis process (AHP), is used according to the definition of the decision law, and at the end, the existing aquaculture farms (9 farms) are analyzed using the Extract function.
Results and discussion: The results show that the location of the present farms can be transferred to more favorable areas with less risk. Among the existing farms, farms 1 and 2, located on the coasts of Joibar and Babolsar, have the most suitable condition and the highest amount of desirability. Also, the results of weighting between the three groups of water quality parameters show physical and socio-economic; Due to the importance of temperature, turbidity and chlorophyll criteria in marine aquaculture, water quality group has more weight than other groups (0.4034) and then the group of physical factors (0.3808) than social factors. (0.2168) more weight is given.
Conclusion: The findings of this study show the ability of GIS as well as satellite imagery to locate and evaluate marine aquaculture.

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The present study was conducted in order to obtain the necessary information on the diversity, abundance and distribution of macroinvertebrates, as well as to investigate the grazing status of batoid fishes (stingrays) from benthic macroinvertebrtes in coastal waters of Hormozgan province. For this purpose, sampling was done in the years 2017 and 2018 and once every year in the autumn season. At the end of the identification process, a number of 125 genus and 104 species belonging to 85 families, 31 classes, 9 orders, and 7 phyla were successfully identified. Results revealed that Malacostraca was the frequent order in the studied area. In order to investigate the possible relationship between composition and abundance of benthic macroinvertebrte and stingrays, CCA analysis was employed. Results of stomach content of stingrays revealed that in the diet of M. randall, crustacean (93.25 %IRI) has the highest amount. This pattern was the same for M. gerrardi and H. walga. However, in M. gerrardi, bivalvia were in the first place of importance (31.33 %IRI). Also, trophic level analysis was done for three species which shows all species are Mesopredators that place in the same level of food web. According to the mentioned cases, some benthic macroinvertebrates identified in this research have a significant  relationship with the benthic fishes, which requires more studies to investigate their relationship.
 

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Extended finite element method (XFEM) is one of the strongest numerical methods that its basis is finite element but regardless of mesh location respect to discountinuty solves the problems. In this method, using of enreaching the nodes and increasing of their degrees of freedom (from 2 to 4 or even upto 10) virtually and without verifying the mesh and geometry of discountinuty, one can model and develop the required governing equations of the system. In this paper, fatigue crack growth of repaired aluminum panels containing a crack is studied. The cracked panels were repaired on one side with glass/epoxy composite patches in the mixed mode condition. The extended finite element method is used to study the effects of patch lay-up configuration on crack front displacement and stress intensity factor and the effect of crack angle on stress intensity factor of the repaired panels. The results show that the plate-fiber-fiber-aluminum configuration has best effect and it could reduce the stress intensity factor (k1) by upto seventy percent.

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Dynamic response of fully-clamped laminated plate subjected to small mass and low-velocity impact studied in this paper by using the suitable Algebraic Polynomials and Galerkin method. The first-order deformation theory as well as the displacement filed is used to solve the governing equations of the composite plate analytically. The interaction between the impactor and the target are considered in the impact analysis. This interaction is modeled with the help of a two degrees-of-freedom system, consisting of springs-masses. The results indicated that some of parameters like mass and velocity of the impactor in a constant impact energy level, mass of the plate (target), increasing the length-to-width ratio of the plate (a/b ratio) and orientation of composite fibers of plate are important factors affecting the impact process and the design of structures.

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Objective: In this study, two conserved genes (M1 and NP) of influenza virus were expressed in a bicistronic vector in order to develop a universal gene based vaccine. Materials and Methods: Plasmids M1-pIRES2-EGFP, pIRES2-NP were constructed by cloning the PCR products of M1 and NP genes which were amplified from the A/Peurto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) influenza virus strain into the plasmid expression vector pIRES2-EGFP, respectively. For construction of M1-pIRES2-NP bicistronic plasmid, M1 gene was extracted from M1-pIRES-EGFP plasmid and sub-cloned into pIRES2-NP construct. Finally, simultaneous expression of both genes was assessed by transient transfection of bicistronic plasmid into BHK-21 cell lines and subsequent immunofluorescence staining. Results: The results of enzymatic double digestions on the constructed plasmids and sequencing demonstrated the success of cloning processes of above mentioned genes. Correct expression of these genes was confirmed by M1-pIRES2-NP plasmid expression in BHK-21 cell lines confirmed by immunofluoresence microscopy. Conclusion: Simultaneous expression of influenza M1 and NP genes from a bicistronic plasmid containing “IRES” sequence is achievable.

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Abstract- In this study, mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposites based on polypropylene/ linear low density polyethylene/ nano titanium dioxide (PP/LLDPE/Tio2) were studied. The samples were produced using a co-rotating twin screw extruder including 0,2,4 Wt.% of nano particles, 20,40,60 Wt.% of LLDPE and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene(SEBS) as comptabilizer. Tensile properties (modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break), impact resistance and thermal properties (meltingand crystallization temperatures) were evaluated. The results showed that modulus was increased by 9% with addition of nano particles in comparison to PP/LLDPE. In addition, impact resistance was increased and tensile strength and elongation at break were decreased. Melting and crystallization temperatures of PP were increased less or more while, these temperatures for LLDPE did not show meaningful differences.