---

Backgrounds: The global spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae represents a public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of carbapenem resistance and the presence of some oxacillinase types and class 1-3 integrons among Enterobacter clinical isolates from an Iranian inpatient population.
Materials & Methods: Ninety Enterobacter isolates from hospitalized patients were diagnosed by microbiological methods. Antibiogram pattern was also determined. The presence of class 1-3 integrons and four types of oxacillinase genes was assessed using PCR.
Findings: Among 90 Enterobacter isolates, the most common species was E. aerogenes, (45.6%), followed by E. cloacae (30%). The highest resistance rate was against ampicillin (96.7%). Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was substantial (93%). Carbapenemase-producers were detected in 96% of carbapenem-resistant isolates by mCIM test. The frequency of evaluated genes was as follows: intI1 = 50 (55.6%), intI2 =12 (13.3%), bla_oxa-1 =6 (6.7%), bla_oxa-2 =5 (5.6%), bla_oxa-10 =18 (20%), and bla_oxa-48 =18 (20%).
Conclusion: Determinants of class 1 integron along with OXA-10 and OXA-48 like carbapememases are responsible for relatively considerable carbapenem resistance among isolates. This is the first report about the presence of OXA-10 and OXA-48-producing Enterobacter spp. in Iran, indicating that the prevalence of oxacillinases in the country might be on the rise.    

 

---

To study the excursion of presence and evolution of chivalrous characters in Persian literature, this article is examined three stories, “Samak e Ayyar”, “Dash Akol” and “Qeidar”, in terms of similarities and differences among characters and characterizations. mentioned stories have been selected because “samak e ayyar” is the first story in which the role of knights (“Ayaran”) is bolder than kings or heroes; “Dash Akol” is the first manly (“Dash Mashti”) character in modern Persian literature and “Qeidar” is the last one. This study indicates that in all three works, the distinction between protagonist and antagonist is clearly distinguished based on chivalry characteristic nevertheless the protagonist in “Samak e Ayyar” and “Dash Akol” is similar to antagonist in terms of facial features and behavioral characteristics while the antagonist of “Qeidar” is different from protagonist in this sense. Furthermore, “Amirkhani” appends the component of belief in Islam to the constitutive elements of chivalry characteristic, however, in spite of facial features, it is fully similar to “Samak e Ayyar” in terms of organizing events toward highlighting typical characteristics of chivalrous character.

---

This paper attempts to apply a critical perspective to study 30 academic papers about the similarities between tales with the minimalistic stories in the western literature. For this purpose, the mentioned academic papers are analyzed through a descriptive-analytic method in two main themes, including the ethics and principles of scientific research and the accuracy and reliability of the findings and results. The results of this study show that the mentioned papers possess several errors in term of adhering to the ethics and principles od scientific research. These errors include self-plagiarism, repetitive structures, repetitive and resembling titles, negligence over conducting research background, deficiency in the structure and framework of the whole article, and the absence of integrity, which means copying and quoting other resources without any citation to the original reference, using false and inaccurate quotes and changing or manipulating the sayings of other references. Moreover, including non-fiction texts, dilating unnecessary and irrelevant themes and topics, bringing up inaccurate analysis and evidence, neglecting over the reliability of claims, and finally, the absence of any new, clear and correct findings are the issues showing that all the analyzed papers lack the authenticity and reliability necessary for the scientific research. Considering the main purpose of all these papers which is to prove that tales and minimalistic stories are the same literary genres, producing several academic papers on the same topic has no academic necessity. 

---

Applications of aluminium and magnesium castings have been increased, as a result of increasing demand for the light weight components in various sectors of industries, in recent years. In this work an Al/Mg bimetal was prepared by casting Al melt into a cylindrical Mg bush, with 35 mm height and 76 and 84 inner and outer inner diameter, rotating at 1200 and 1600 revolutions per minute (rpm), 0.9, 1.6 and 2.7 melt-to-solid volume ratio and 30, 120, 150 and 200 oC preheating temperature, respectively. Vertical centrifugal casting process was selected for producing samples. In this process melt is under effect of centrifugal, coriolis and gravity forces during filling. Difference between shrinkage of Al and Mg led to the formation of mechanical bond in the interface. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that concentration gradient changes from Mg to Al side in such a way that three sub layers including Al3Mg2 and Al12Mg17 intermetallics plus eutectic microstructure (Al12Mg17 and δ), were formed, based on aluminium and magnesium phase diagram, in the interface

---

In this paper, inverse design to determine unknown heat source distribution in a radiant enclosure using an optimization method is investigated to produce desired emissive power and heat flux profiles on a diffuse-nongray design surface of a two-dimensional radiant enclosure. The medium of enclosure is emitting-absorbing, and the design surface's emissivity is assumed to be varied with respect to wavelength. Regarding diffuse-nongray design surface, the variation of emissivity with respect to the wavelength is approximated by considering a set of nongray bands with constant emissivity and then the radiative transfer equation is solved by the discrete ordinates method for each band. The total heat flux on each surface element of the design surface is approximated by a summation over the contribution of nongray bands. The conjugate gradient method is used to minimize an objective function, expressed by the sum of square residuals between estimated and desired heat fluxes over the design surface. The sensitivity problem is approximated by differentiation of the radiative transfer equation with respect to the unknown variables. The performance of the present method is evaluated by comparing the results with those obtained by considering a diffuse-gray design surface. The results show that the heat source distribution is well recovered over the heat flux specified design surface in an appropriate range of accuracy.

---

Some solutions are presented to show the ability of the spectral line-based weighted sum of gray gases approach to solve the radiative transfer equation in absorbing-emitting non-gray media. The medium contains heat sources and is atradiative equilibrium state which occurs in high temperature systems. The non-gray gaseous medium is divided into a number of gray gases, and the radiative transfer equation is solved for each gray gas by the discrete ordinate method. The intensities are found by a summation over all gray gases, and the temperature field is updated by an iterative procedure. The updated coefficients obtained from high-temperature molecular spectroscopic database (2010thedition) are employed in the spectral line-based weighted sum of gray gases model. The method is verified through comparison with a benchmark problem for the case of a specified temperature distribution, and also for thecase of a variable temperature distribution (radiative equilibrium). Several examples are taken into account to show the ability and performance of proposed procedure for the radiative equilibrium calculations in media with heat sources and different boundary conditions (constant temperature and insulated walls).

---

In this study our aim is analysis of heat transfer in an internal combustion engine. In an internal combustion engine combustion chamber all three modes of heat transfer (conduction, convection and radiation) are important and effective. - Convection and conduction problems are not as complicated as radiation problem because gases in cylinder make a participating media .in this study a solver is developed in a software which can solve combustion, heat transfer and turbulence problem simultaneously. In order to verify the solver, experimental data of a furnace is used, using the experimental data and the model the problem is solved and verified. Finally in order to study the effect of radiative heat transfer in an internal combustion engine cylinder, the simplest case is considered that is injecting a fuel jet in a simple cylinder. The model can predict thermal critical points in which pollutant form and knock phenomenon begins. Results also shows radiation heat transfer may change Temperature up to 50 percent especially in media which contains higher density of water vapor, carbon dioxide and soot.

---

Background & Aim: Fluid-electrolyte balance is a dynamic process that is necessary for the continuation of life and homeostasis. Disorders in the bodychr('39')s electrolyte balance and renal dysfunction are related factors in aggravation of symptoms, mortality and length of hospital stay and treatment costs, so we decided To conduct a study by examining the status of electrolyte disorders and its related factors in patients admitted to Shohada Ghaen Educational and Medical Center.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study that was performed by census method on all patients admitted to Shohada Ghaen Hospital in 2017. The tools used in this research included a researcher-made checklist that had 11 items that were completed by the researcher. For data analysis, descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and frequency tables and chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis. Significance level was set at (P <0.05).
Results: 873 patients with a mean age of 22.92 ± 58.42 were studied. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between electrolyte disorders and the level of education, type of disease and disease ward (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Increasing knowledge and awareness has a great effect on the prevention of electrolyte disorders. Also, due to the relationship between electrolyte disorders and the type of disease, special attention should be paid to this issue.