Showing 5 results for Sabouhi sabouni
Volume 0, Issue 0 (ARTICLES IN PRESS 2024)
Abstract
Microcredit plays a vital role in the food security of rural households. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effects of microcredit on improving the food security of households have not yet been well studied and understood in Iran. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the success of microcredit programs on enhancing the food security of rural households in Zehak county using the propensity score matching method and bootstrap algorithm. For this purpose, two food security indices, including the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and the Food Consumption Score (FCS), are used. The results revealed that 100% of the households face food insecurity. The prevalence of food insecurity was 20.0%, 42.5%, and 37.5% for mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity, respectively. In addition, 30% of households are in poor status of food consumption. Our findings emphasize the positive and significant role of microcredit in improving food security. The results showed that microcredit decreased the HFIAS index of the recipient households by 24.31-27.81% and increased the FCS index by 25.87-31.45%. Therefore, policy-makers and decision-makers should promote and strengthen governmental and non-governmental organizations providing microcredit. It is also recommended to provide information and reduce collateral restrictions to increase households' access to microcredit.
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2016)
Abstract
The optimal cropping pattern for Sistan water resources management was determined through a goal programming technique within the GAMS programming environment. Results showed that the optimum cultivation area and net profit of the agricultural sector in the Sistan region could increase up to 18.1 and 39.8%, respectively, compared to the current status. An increase in the farm irrigation efficiency from the current 35 to 55% would increase the net profit of the agricultural sector by 49.7% despite 6.4% reduction in water consumption. At the same time, 20% increase in the efficiency of water delivery system to farmlands would lead to 8.2 and 17.2% increases in the cultivation area and net profit, respectively. The results of combining these two management scenarios indicated that farming net profit would increase by 64.3%, while total water consumption in agricultural sector would decrease by 2.3%. Under wet condition, cultivated area and net profit would respectively increase about 32 and 44%. However, upon drought years, the cultivated area and net profit would experience 86.9 and 87.3% loss, respectively.
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2017)
Abstract
The optimal allocation of the Chahnimeh water resources among different sectors, viz. domestic, agricultural and environmental consumptions, was determined using the goal programming method in GAMS, based on the present condition in the area. Results showed an increase of 15.4, 44.5 and 230% in allocation of water to domestic, agriculture and environment sectors, respectively, in this method as compared to the present allocation. Besides, implementation of the second water transferring line to Zahedan city would resultin a 66% increase in the water transferring rate to this city without any change in water supply for domestic sector in Zabol city and the surrounding villages. The scenario of 20% reduction in water per capita consumption led to about 5.9 million cubic meters saving in water supply from Chahnimeh reservoirs to the domestic sector. According to the projected population growth for 2025 in the study area, water consumption in domestic sector will increase by 15.9%. Results showed that the goal programming can be applied as a useful tool to analyze the effect of different scenarios on water demand and supply management and, hence, to allocate water for different sectors in a most appropriate way.
Volume 10, Issue 3 (Summer 2022)
Abstract
Aim: Like many other countries, Iran has been exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic and its different economic and environmental implications. So, the research studies the economic and environmental consequences of COVID-19 in the Makoran coast of Sistan and Baluchistan province that supplies nearly 60% of the demand for fish in Iran.
Materials and Methods: The research is an applied study in terms of goal and a descriptive study in terms of data collection method, which was conducted by the cross-sectional survey method.
Findings: A comparison of the period of January-June 2020 (COVID-19 conditions) versus the similar period in the year 2019 (normal conditions) in the economic sector showed that the fishermen’s income, catch rate, and employment have decreased and their unemployment has increased. In the environmental sector, the pandemic and the related restrictions have increased seawater pollution and waste production.
Conclusion: These changes, which have seemingly increased by the culmination of the COVID-19 pandemic, have had irreparable consequences for the fisheries sector.
Suggestions: Governmental support from the management of demand and supply markets and its plans to support fishermen are recommended as approaches to tackling the crisis. Given the emergence of new strains of COVID-19, such as alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and omicron, it is necessary to conduct long-term studies to determine the full range of the pandemic.
Volume 15, Issue 2 (summer 2015 2015)
Abstract
In order to study the effects of subsidies targeted plan on Iran agricultural sector, a regional agricultural sector model is made. For this purpose, Iran is divided into 9 equal radar regions agro-climatologically. Then agricultural sector is modeled within 14 commodity groups and 23 production activities using positive mathematical programming (PMP) method and applying generalized maximum entropy (GME) approach. The results indicate that making subsidies targeted by increasing prices of inputs (irrigation water, fertility, pesticide and machinery), escalating energy prices for poultry and dairy farms and raising transportation cost, leads to decrease total surplus of agricultural sector, decrease in many crop and livestock activity levels in different regions, increase in prices, decrease in consumption and exports and increase in imports of some agricultural products. According to the results, if subsidies targeted policy is mixed with support payments to producers, dependent on amount of support payment, the social surplus of agricultural sector may decrease or increase. A support payment equal to 25 percent of production costs can compensate losses of producers due to targeted subsidies, transmit loss of social welfare to zero and decrease volatility of economic variables such as activity levels, price and quantity of consumption of commodity groups.
