Showing 3 results for Rujito
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Background: Otomycosis is a common fungal ear infection affecting people worldwide. Cases may be exacerbated by mixed fungal-bacterial infections, especially those involving antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Understanding the microbiological features and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the pathogens involved is critical for treatment. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mixed fungal-bacterial infections in otomycosis cases in Indonesia, to identify the bacterial species involved, and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.
Materials & Methods: In this study, 47 ear swab specimens were collected from 41 clinically-diagnosed otomycosis cases from April to August 2022. The collected samples were processed by culture and microscopy to identify fungal and bacterial isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Findings: Fungal isolates alone were detected in 80.9% of the specimens, while 19.1% showed mixed fungal-bacterial growth. The most common fungi were Aspergillus (57.1%) and Candida (42.9%) species. Among bacterial isolates, Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent (observed in 66.7% of mixed cases), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.2%). Also, two of the six S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Both P. aeruginosa isolates were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers.
Conclusion: Many otomycosis cases in this study demonstrated polymicrobial etiology. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to healthcare systems.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Premarital screening is a procedure to assess health status before entering the marital stage. In Indonesia, this examination has not been fully optimized for controlling catastrophic diseases, including genetic diseases. This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward premarital genetic screening in non-medical and health students.
Instruments & Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 400 non-healthcare students from the southern region of Central Java, who were selected using a simple random sampling method. The knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward premarital genetic screening were measured using questionnaires. The chi-square test was used to look for relationships between variables.
Findings: The knowledge level in 55.5% of respondents was sufficient, in 42.5% was poor, and in 2% was good. Most respondents (57.3%) had a positive attitude. The majority of the respondents exhibited a positive attitude toward all indicators, except for actively seeking information. 355 respondents (88.75%) displayed positive behavior toward premarital genetic screening, while the 45 respondents (11.25%) exhibited negative behavior. There was no significant relationship between knowledge with attitude and behavior (p>0.05), but a significant relationship was observed between attitude and behavior (p=0.021).
Conclusion: There is no relationship between knowledge and attitude. However, the study found a relationship between attitudes and behaviors toward premarital and genetic screening in non-health students.
Volume 11, Issue 5 (Post-COVID Special Issue 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Common mental disorders increase the risk of pregnancy, and the number is relatively high in economically developing nations. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of common mental disorders and assess the associated risk factors for common mental disorders in a pandemic situation in Indonesia.
Instrument & Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 1,543 subjects in Banyumas-District, Central Java, Indonesia, recruited from January to August 2022. Social support, marital satisfaction, COVID-19 diagnosis, and pregnancy characteristics were the main risk factors measured. Data were collected using a standardized online questionnaire distributed through snowball sampling. Multiple logistic regression was applied to estimate the risk of having common mental disorders in gravid individuals.
Findings: The prevalence of common mental disorders was 17.5%, with a higher case of common mental disorders found in pregnant women who had low social support, poor marital satisfaction, COVID-19 survivors, primigravida, and early pregnancy. After the bivariate analysis, family income, type of family, number of pregnancies, gestational age, and social and marital satisfaction were analyzed in the multivariate test. In the final model, poor relationship quality was the highest risk factor for having common mental disorders in the subjects (OR=5.11; 95%CI=3.33-7.83; p<0.001).
Conclusion: The number of common mental disorders in Indonesian pregnant women is relatively high. Poor relationship quality is the highest risk factor for having common mental disorders. Addressing social and educational determinants is vital for enhancing maternal mental health.
