Showing 14 results for Ramesh
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
Women's writing and its difference with the language of male writers has been one of the subjects of attention of researchers. "Feminist Stylistics" is a book in which "Sarah Mills" has presented a specific model for the analysis and investigation of women's language through linguistic issues. The purpose of this research is to clarify the three levels of Mills' linguistic pattern, to find examples of this pattern and how to show its levels in the novel "Autumn is the last season of the year" by "Nasim Marashi". The present study analyzed the desired work with a descriptive-analytical method to find the characteristics of women's writing and the findings show that the author's language, influenced by his gender, imitates the Mills model in the following cases: 1- Vocabulary level: special words for women, gender and color words, Cursing and profanity, relying on emotional words, detailing with attributes and the sequence of additions, ambiguities and intensifiers. 2- Syntactic level: use of short, simple, descriptive, detail-oriented, emotional and exclamatory sentences, meta-linguistic sign of three points, questions in the form of hadith of the self, female imagination and illusion. 3- Discourse level: some story elements, women's problems, emotional relationships and love, beliefs and superstitions, patronizing tone, nostalgia, self-censorship and misogyny.
Volume 3, Issue 4 (2-2015)
Abstract
The effect of two salinity concentrations (35 and 40 ‰) on the daily feeding and burrowing activities of the sea cucumber, Holothuria parva was investigated, using the nutritional parameters (intestinal indices, organic materials, and the absorption efficiency). Although no significant difference between the initial and final sections of the intestinal gut of sea cucumbers in two saline conditions was found, the maximum level of intestinal indices, organic material and absorption efficiency was associated with the 40‰ salinity. The survey results displayed that sea cucumber had better feeding activity in 40‰ than 35‰ salinity.
Volume 5, Issue 3 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background: The concept of allometry states that the relative rate of change of a system unit is a constant fraction of the relative rate of change of the entire system, or of another part of the system.This concept is stated as a nonlinear relationship and has been verified in a variety of natural systems.
Materials and Methods:The allometric relations in various phases of basin evolution in forms of static and dynamic models wasinvestigated.In order to study the dynamic allometry, a model consistingof two basins was developed.The evolution stages and the erosion changes caused by artificial rainfall and tectonic movements and also in static form (natural basins) were monitored.
Results: The existence of allometricrelations in drainage basins that are progressing toward the equilibrium (natural basins and basins affected by erosion) are significant and verifiable.This kind of relations do not exist in tectonic affected basins that were moving away from the equilibrium.
Conclusions:Allometric relations in drainage basins can define different states of system such as equilibrium. Moreover, any factor that causes the basin to move away from equilibrium needs to have an initial effect on basin relations to cause disorder in the system,and this change,in many cases,can be formulated or demonstrated by allometric model. Therefore the allometric equations could be considered an important tool in predicting the evolution of drainage basins and assessing their performance in the past and present.
Volume 6, Issue 2 (Spring 2024)
Abstract
ntroduction
Since about a century ago, Iranians have been careful in facing the social developments of other nations and the implementation of the "development" paradigm in Iran and third world countries. And gradually their thinking has reached a degree of maturity to start an official effort to replace this paradigm.
A review of Iran's social history from 100 years ago until now, clearly indicates that Iranians have continuously observed the social developments of other nations and with the coming of the Pahlavi period, they witnessed profound spatial changes in Iran.
These developments took an organized form especially during the second Pahlavi period, and many programs were prepared in the field of administrative organizations, buying satellites, establishing a nuclear power plant, building big dams, creating a modern army, etc. The implementation of these programs in several decades was followed by a national review of what had happened. The general understanding of the society based on the emotional wisdom of what had happened can be summarized in a few basic points.
What has happened is pushing Iran towards a country with mass consumption and leading to dependence on foreigners.
The class gap and the population of the poor have increased drastically every day.
Nomadism and muralism are in danger of extinction
Environmental vulnerability has become a serious problem
Iran's cultural and historical identity has been exposed to destruction and its major change has manifested as a fundamental attack )Crossing identity, history and security(.
Theoretical foundations and objectives:
This article followed a comparative logic and mostly analyzed the differences between the development and progress paradigms. Also to run the progress paradigm it is tried to benefit from the executive structures of the development paradigm
Methodology
In order to achieve the goals of this research, at first, the bases and foundations of the development paradigm (Rusto in America), the land use paradigm (the French and the Germans) and the regional foresight paradigm (the European Union) in terms of epistemology are investigated, and according to the definition of paradigm according to Cohen, the semantic variables of each paradigm are indexed. The semantic variables defined for each paradigm were:
- The Doctrine of paradigm
- The goals of paradigm
- The final destination of paradigm
- The executive subsystems of paradigm
- The ideological contexts of paradigm
After recognizing each of the semantic indicators of the paradigms, the recognition of these semantic indicators was discussed in the paradigm of progress. This work was done based on the latest version of the Paradigm of Progress document at the Iranian Islamic Pattern Center. In the next step, to compare these paradigms with each other, “Nich method” was used to calculate their spatial distance. The degree of difference of each in the field of Hometown, Doctrine, and Goals was determined. This comparison has followed “Jeanette's method” of analysis.
Findings:
Investigations showed that the four paradigms in spatial planning have sometimes fundamental differences in terms of Hometown, Doctrine, and Goals. These differences in their Hometowns, Doctrines, and Goals are different from what is discussed in the progress paradigm of Iranian society, and therefore, a review of the theoretical foundations of social and spatial evolution in Iran requires a serious revision.
Conclusions:
For the implementation of any paradigm, three systems (scientific-philosophical, governance and cultural) are necessary Which can generally be summarized in the following cases:
Borrowing the executive organization of the "development" paradigm is one of the valuable experiences, the use of which can reduce the fifty-year period of the progress paradigm to one or two decades.
Certainly, the implementation of the progress paradigm cannot be implemented without having three systems of "governance", "scientific" and "cultural", and this is the most important achievement of the development review and international experiences of several decades in the development paradigm.
In the field of philosophical and scientific system, although the combination of the field knowledge and the university is a suitable combination, but the change in the content is necessary both in the field of knowledge and in the university. Iranian scientists and researchers in both areas should define indicators that can continuously and intelligently evaluate the paradigm elements and the extent to which they have been achieved.
In the realm of culture, the tricks and techniques of the evangelists are very rich and only updating them and their form of presentation should be adapted and updated according to the taste of today's societies. In this matter, the main axes of the norms of the progress paradigm should be placed in the agenda of the cultural trustees and help in all processes that can transform these norms into social behavior at various scales.
Volume 8, Issue 3 (9-2022)
Abstract
View on Scopus
Previously published works of literature were reviewed to prepare the checklist of grasshoppers under the family Acrididae from Nepal. The present checklist of grasshoppers under the family Acrididae includes 69 species belonging to 41 genera, and 18 tribes with 11 subfamilies. Oedipodinae (17) was the most species-richest subfamily followed by Gomphocerinae (12), Catantopinae (9), Oxyinae (7), Cyrtacanthacridinae (6), Acridinae (6), Eyprepocnemidinae (4), Coptacrinae (3), Hemiacridinae (2), Calliptaminae (2), and Spathosterninae (1). This checklist will be also helpful to forecast outbreaks of grasshopper species and apply appropriate management approaches.
Volume 9, Issue 2 (Fall & Winter 2006)
Abstract
Investigation of the morphological evidences on the quaternary glacial of Iran has been of interest to many researches. However, the origin of such studies can be attributed to Domorgan (1890) and Bobek (1955). In the same vein, over the past ten years, Iranian researchers have conducted deeper studies on the changes in the climatic conditions of Iran in the quaternary. The analysis of the obtained climatic data currently registered in Iran, on one hand, and the existence of locations with remarkable differences in terms of temperature with adjacent regions, on the other, have attracted the attention of geomorphologists to such areas, as well as to their distribution in Iran. It is evident that, by focusing on the estimated environmental temperature, one can guess that these areas have also had greater temperature characteristics during the cold periods in the past relative to their adjacent regions.
The regions which show greater temperature than their adjacent areas are called cold troughs. If the annual temperature of these cold troughs is less than 5˚c and their surfaces are flat, then we can formulate a hypothesis for the existence of ice capes.
This paper aimed at identifing the cold troughs in Iran and investigating their geomorphic characteristics in order to find evidences on the possibility of the existence of previous ice caps in these areas. The results revealed, for the first time, the presence of ice caps evidence over Namdan Plain.
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract
Two species of Austronomia Michener, 1965 (Hymenoptera: Halictidae, Nomiinae), namely A. goniognatha (Cockerell, 1919) and A. takauensis (Friese, 1910), are reported from India for the first time. Eleven Nomiinae bee species, Austronomia capitata (Smith, 1875), Austronomia himalayana (Nurse, 1902), Austronomia notiomorpha (Hirashima 1978), Austronomia pseudoscutellata Pauly, 2009, Hoplonomia incerta (Gribodo, 1894), Lipotriches ceratina (Smith, 1857), Lipotriches phenacura (Cockerell, 1911), Macronomia antennata (Smith, 1875), Nomia crassipes (Fabricius, 1798), Pachynomia nathani Pauly, 2009, Steganomus fulvipennis Cameron, 1898 are added to the West Bengal bee fauna. A checklist of Nomiinae bees comprising 30 species from West Bengal along with floral association is documented.
Volume 11, Issue 4 (winter 2023)
Abstract
The notion of the ideal city is a seductive vista, beckoning from the realm of aspirations and dreams. It stands as a realm untouched by pain, suffering, or illness a symbol of a flawless and utopian reality. In contemporary poetry, poets often turn to the imagery of this ideal city within their verses, seeking solace from the tribulations and yearnings of their time. This research, employing an analytical-comparative approach, delves into the conceptual origins of the ideal city within the poetry of Fadavi Taqvan and Zhaleh Esfahani, following a brief exploration of their life narratives. The study aims to unravel the shared themes and distinctive nuances embedded in their poetic renderings.This research holds significant value as it pioneers a comprehensive exploration of the ideal city concept within the works of these two female poets. Such an in-depth comparative analysis has been notably absent in existing scholarly pursuits. A key revelation of this study is the tendency of both Fadavi Taqvan and Zhaleh Esfahani to seek refuge in the ideal city through select verses, allowing them to transcend political challenges and personal tribulations. Their poetry breathes life into this utopian city, framing it within contexts such as revisiting childhood, reminiscing about ancestral lands, experiencing absolute tranquility and envisioning a dreamlike homeland.
Volume 14, Issue 11 (2-2015)
Abstract
Orthopedic plates are currently used in bone healing process. However they cause density loss because of the change in natural stress patterns.The aim of this study was to evaluate a newly developed bone plate using functional graded material in term of stress pattern. In the present study, 3D finite element models of tibial bone plate with variable stiffness of a graded material and traditional bone plates made of stainless steel and Ti alloy have been developed by using the ABAQUS software. Effects on the predicted stresses at the fracture site in the presence of a distance between the plate and fractured bone were also studied. For this purpose, a 3D model of tibia was created with the exact geometry of the real bone geometry by using CT scan images of a human left leg. Results showed that the bone plate with graded material offers less stress-shielding to the bone, providing a higher compressive stress at bone to induce accelerated healing in comparison with Ti alloy and stainless-steel bone plate. Results also showed that the use of non-contact plates provide a favorable mechanical environment for the following fracture healing.
Volume 21, Issue 155 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is a prevalent and heterogeneous disease affecting women worldwide. Probiotics, known as functional foods, have emerged as potential candidates in the fight against breast cancer, both in vivo and in vitro. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), a group of probiotics, have been shown to have beneficial effects on host health and possess the potential to serve as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer prevention and treatment. This can be achieved through modulating immune responses and influencing the breast microbial community. This study aimed to screen and characterize probiotic Enterococci from Iranian traditional cheese and detect its cytotoxic effects on SK-BR-3 breast cancer cell line.
Materials and Methods: The LAB were isolated from two Iranian cheese samples after enrichment culture in MRS broth and then streak plate method on MRS agar. The LAB isolates were identified using macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular analyses. The cytotoxicity of LAB on SK-BR3 cancer cells was assessed using the MTT assay with bacterial concentrations of 100, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/ml.
Results: Molecular analysis revealed that the two isolates obtained in this study were closely related to Enterococcus species. They were designated as Enterococcus faecalis HBM-IAUF-3 and Enterococcus hirae HBM-IAUF-5, and their 16s-rDNA genome sequences were deposited in GenBank, NCBI under the accession numbers MG757697 and MG757702, respectively. Both Enterococcus faecalis HBM-IAUF-3 and Enterococcus hirae HBM-IAUF-5 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against SK-BR3 cancer cells at a concentration of 1000 μl/ml after 72 hours.
Conclusion: This study reports the identification of novel Enterococcus strains from traditional Iranian dairy products that demonstrated cytotoxic effects on breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells. Encouraging the consumption of traditional organic dairy products and locally fermented foods may significantly reduce the risk of cancer.
Volume 23, Issue 3 (Fall 2019)
Abstract
Family Unity is one of the principles of human rights and is considered in numerous international instruments including the International Bill of Human Rights. However, when the unity right and family re:union: are considered within the framework of international human rights and especially for refugee, they are faced with several challenges in recognition and application on the basis of documents and practice.
In any case, since the refugee, as a human being enjoy the fundamental human rights their enjoyment of family unity and reunification in the country of destination is inevitable, necessary and achievable under the international human rights law. This paper gives consideration to international and state practices in this issue while it investigates about the status of the right to family unity for refugees in international law and its challenges and it also legally analyzes the existing capacities in order to join family members to refugee and problems they facing with.
Volume 24, Issue 2 (Summer 2020)
Abstract
The convention of child's right as the principal instrument in protecting children has paid a momentous attention to the "Best Interest of Child" and the Committee on the Rights of the Child has introduced different dimensions of this matter in its general interpretations. The principle of "Best Interest of Child" is a matter implemented in all protective and development issues in regards to Children's Rights. The term of "Interest" in the convention has been used in a vague and general way thus can be interpreted in the appropriate way in diverse legal systems. the Committee on the Rights of the Child also certainly called attention to, is that children and their views should be taken into consideration in all programs and actions, including budgeting, developing programs and strategies and so on. The Committee's important recommendations are to safeguard the dignity of children in line with the principles of human rights and to refrain from coercive action against children. This research seeks to answer the fundamental question of what is the best interest of the child in accordance with international practice and international human rights law? Contemplation in the case law suggests that although it is difficult to discover the best interpretation of the child's interests, and especially in the jurisdictional and culturally diverse context, it is a function of the particular circumstances of each case; It will lead to a conceptual development of child rights and a minimalist understanding of the universality of its obligations in practice and theory.
Volume 27, Issue 2 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Social transformation and redaction of text related to the society is not possible without having specific goals that is called a paradigm in the semantic sphere. The “Progress” paradigm evolved during the past century by the attempts of Iranian scholars in their confrontation with “development” paradigm that has reached its maturity but requires time to provide the necessary ground for its implementation. Undoubtedly, every paradigm has epistemological foundations, origins, doctrine, and particular goals whose accomplishment needs three systems of governance, philosophical-scientific and cultural systems. The Progress paradigm should be interpreted as intangible behavioral language of Iranian revolution. Formulation of the behavioral language is considered as a strategic planning by Iranian scholars through in the Center of Islamic-Iranian progress pattern. The results of the process carried out, based on Jeanette's analysis method, show that: The paradigm of progress is an attempt to formulate the ideals of the Iranian revolution in the form of a strategic document. The paradigm of progress is based on five principles, namely spatial balance, truth and correctness, livability and territorial resilience, spatial identity, and the precedence seeking to achieve civil process. The progress paradigm has an essential tension compared to the development paradigm
Volume 28, Issue 3 (autumn 2024)
Abstract
The expansion of the elderly demographic alongside the intricacies of their urban requirements underscores the imperative to reassess urban planning paradigms. The 15-minute city framework, regarded as a progressive model for sustainable advancement, seeks to facilitate equitable and prompt access to urban resources, particularly for marginalized populations such as the elderly. This investigation concentrates on the historical urban landscape of Urmia to explore the viability of this model in enhancing the quality of life for the elderly demographic. The research examines the existing conditions of accessibility for the elderly to vital services, including healthcare facilities, retail establishments, recreational areas, and public transit systems.
The methodological framework is predicated on spatial analyses employing Geographic Information System (GIS) software to assess the accessibility radius and the spatial distribution of services, in conjunction with modeling the interrelationships between accessibility metrics and service quality utilizing Smart Partial Least Squares (PLS) software. The overarching objective of this investigation is to evaluate the practicality and prerequisites for the adoption of the 15-minute city paradigm in Urmia, with a particular focus on enhancing access to vital services and amenities for the senior population.
The research findings elucidate that the augmentation of infrastructure quality, the proliferation of services in proximity to residential areas, and the assurance of equitable allocation of urban facilities can markedly enhance accessibility for the elderly, thereby promoting their autonomy and social engagement. The data imply that the adoption of the 15-minute city model has the potential to ameliorate the quality of life for senior citizens in Urmia while simultaneously addressing urban disparities and advancing social equity, thus contributing to the principles of sustainable development. This investigation emphasizes the imperative for an inclusive planning framework that is specifically attuned to the requirements of the elderly, and it advocates for priorities such as the establishment of accessible public transit systems, the enhancement of pedestrian thoroughfares, the creation of communal spaces for social interaction, and the elevation of the quality of urban services.
