Showing 46 results for Nur
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
Abstract
After scrutiny the problem of time in Persian verbs, the writers of present essay proceed to revise the usage of auxiliary and modal verbs and by putting forward and criticizing the paroles of writers of Grammar about this subject, reject the difference of these two verbs and expressing the similarities of them in language and showing that modal and auxiliary verbs have the same usage; Then by presenting the verb 'willing' as auxiliary (but not modal) verb in verbs like "would to go" and "was going to go" and etc. putting forward the existence of the time of "future in the past" in Persian language and compering it with some time with the same name in English language. The writers believe that the time "future in the past" is not only a time but in combination with other times it can create some new times in it's subset.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
This research is aimed to capture EFL teachers’ use of technology in Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) by focusing on the variety and intensity of tasks in teaching reading. Driven by the survey research, the data were collected from 71 teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Indonesia and analyzed descriptively. The findings show that the EFL teachers perceived that the use of technology in TBLT in teaching reading is important and it can enhance students' language learning experiences. Technology offers engaging materials and activities that aid reading comprehension. Furthermore, EFL teachers' use of various tasks and resources may indicate a need for continuing professional development to improve digital literacy skills and pedagogical strategies of English teachers in EFL context. Although the findings of this survey give an insight into the data of English teachers’ use of technology in TBLT in terms of variety and intensity in teaching reading, this survey has its limitations with regard to the numbers of participants. This research highlights the dynamic relationship among technology, TBLT, and reading instruction in the EFL context, and suggests the need for continued research and exploration of best practices in this area. The current study succeeded in adding new empirical studies related to the variety and intensity in pre-reading, whilst-reading and post-reading activities of EFL teachers enacting teaching reading with the use of TBLT.
Nurdana Salybekova, Amangeldy Apushev, Bakhadyr Yusupov,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (ARTICLES IN PRESS 2024)
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the pathogenicity of the fungus Alternaria alternata on various Tulipa L. species and elucidate its phylogenetic position. The research focused on five specific tulip varieties: T. Albatros, T. Tarda, T. Delta Storm, T. Biflora, and T. Biebersteiniana. Methodologies included molecular analysis, microscopic examinations, cultivation of fungi on PDA, and sequencing of the 18S and 5.8S rRNA genes, as well as the D1/D2 region of the 26S rRNA gene. Results revealed variable pathogenicity across tulip species, with T. Albatros showing complete leaf damage and extensive conidium formation, while T. Biebersteiniana exhibited minimal damage. Factors influencing infection severity included plant variety, conidium formation, and environmental conditions. Sequencing confirmed the fungus's affiliation with the Alternaria genus and highlighted its close relation to other species. The findings underscore the importance of molecular methods for accurate pathogen identification and phylogenetic classification. These results are crucial for developing targeted disease management strategies and enhancing plant resilience in agriculture.The application of the findings is feasible within agriculture to develop resilient varieties and methods for managing the dissemination of A. alternata. Plant diseases involve complex interactions between pathogens and hosts, where fungi like Alternaria alternata disrupt plant physiology through toxin production and enzyme secretion, making effective management crucial
Wan Anati Nabilah Wan Tajudin Shah, Nur Baiti Abd Murad, Jia Xin Ong, Shin Huey Ang, Nur Laili, Noor Baity Saidi,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (ARTICLES IN PRESS 2024)
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of bananas is a serious disease affecting banana plantations worldwide. In an effort to sustainably manage the disease, biological control is considered a promising alternative to agrochemicals that can cause detrimental effects on humans and the ecosystem. In this study, we investigated the biological control potential of the present collection of beneficial bacteria which includes Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AM2, Streptomyces morookaensis NRRL B-12429, Bacillus velezensis B4158, B. atrophaeus B363B, and B. amyloliquefaciens B942 against the causal agent of Fusarium wilt disease in banana, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (Foc TR4) through a dual culture assay and a greenhouse experiment. The inhibition range in vitro was between 31.0 to 42.1%, and the highest growth inhibition of Foc TR4 was observed for L. plantarum AM2. Infected banana plantlets that received the treatment with L. plantarum AM2 also showed a significant reduction in disease severity index as low as 24% compared to treatment with other beneficial bacteria. This study showed that L. plantarum AM2 has a good antagonistic effect on Foc TR4 mycelial growth and the most potential to control Fusarium wilt disease in bananas.
Ferda Nur Özdemir,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (ARTICLES IN PRESS 2024)
Abstract
The transition of small-scale farmers from traditional production methods to contract farming (CF) 22 enhances the potential for increased profits. By offering higher profits to producers, contract farming encourages greater product diversity and provides the opportunity to grow more valuable products. The primary objective of this study is to identify what kind of contract farming model producers are likely to adopt for their continued production. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used as a methodology in the study. In the region, 70% of producers utilize female animals for fattening purposes. It was found that 73.2% of producers lack knowledge about contract farming. In production contracts, livestock operators prioritized price guarantees at 26.4%, cash prices at 24.8%, livestock supply at 21.2%, input support at 12.5%, 30 advance payments at 10.3%, and organized production at 4.8%. If contract farming is to be implemented in the region, policymakers should prioritize price guarantees in the model, ensuring that these guarantees are not set below the market price.
Wisnu Eko Murdiono, Nur Amirah Syafiqah Salman, Uma Rani Sinniah, Ellisa Azura Azman, Jean Wan Hong Yong, Abbey Maleyki Md. Jalil, Khairil Mahmud,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (ARTICLES IN PRESS 2024)
Abstract
The global popularity of tea is due to its unique taste and health benefits, which are highly linked with its nutrient and antioxidant activity (AOA). However, diverse growing habitats, including distinct altitudes and soil edaphic factors, may regulate foliar nutrition and AOA of tea. Thus, this study aimed to (1) compare the nutritional characteristics and AOA of clonal tea grown in lowland and highland plantations and (2) investigate the influence of soil edaphic factors on tea foliar nutrition and AOA. Tea leaves and soils of fourteen tea clones were sampled between October 2021 to March 2022 from lowland and highland plantations in Peninsular Malaysia. Leaves were analysed for nutritional content and antioxidant activity, while soil samples underwent physical and nutritional analysis. Results showed significant variations in most foliar nutrients, except for Ca in the lowlands and Fe in the highlands. While the highland-grown tea exhibited higher nutrient concentration, lowland-grown tea demonstrated superior AOA. AT53 and 1248 were identified as promising among the clones, characterized by the highest nutrients and AOA levels, respectively. Soil nutrient availability significantly influenced foliar nutrient uptake, while soil pH was associated with the AOA. These findings highlight the critical role of soil edaphic factors in shaping tea quality, providing valuable insight for tea growers to optimize soil management strategies and maintain tea yield and quality in the future. We found that soil nutrients have a significant association with nutrient uptake, while soil pH is associated with the agronomic characteristics of tea. Investigating the association between ecological variables and tea foliar properties (nutrients and AOA) is of great importance for tea growers as they develop strategies to maintain the yield and quality of tea in the future.
Volume 2, Issue 3 (9-2016)
Abstract
During the study of butterflies of Bangladesh (Insecta: Lepidoptera) which carried out since June 2014 to March 2016, several expeditions were made by the authors in the different areas of Bangladesh and many butterfly species were collected and identified. Among them, five species namely, Zezius chrysomallus Hübner, 1823, Rapala tara de Niceville, 1988, Cethosia biblis Fruhstorfer, 1912 and Atrophaneura coon Fabricius, 1793, Cephren estrichopepla Lowe, 1908; and one subspecies, Pelopidas subochracea subochracea Moore, 1878 are newly reported for the fauna of Bangladesh and their distribution data are presented. This study was achieved with an aim to update the checklist of butterflies of Bangladesh. The previous sampling gaps in some areas of Bangladesh indicated by these newly reported species which may put forward further investigations on the butterflies of this country.
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2015)
Abstract
The significant reduction of bollworm infestation by the implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Bt Cotton as a component of IPM led to reduction in bollworm infestation and increase in yield. However, these alterations have brought in many new biotic problems hitherto unknown or of little economic importance. Field survey of rainfed Bt cotton fields in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, India during 2008-2014 revealed that the incidence of various insect pests and plant diseases is on the rise in different Bt cotton hybrids. In 2008-2009, it was observed that the Bt cotton was damaged by cotton mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley), green mirid bug (Creontiades biseratance Distant) and root rot (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn) which caused severe yield losses. In addition to that, other pests like papaya mealybug (Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink) and Alternaria leaf spot caused more damage in Bt cotton during 2009-10. Besides these pests, the mirid bug (Campyloma livida Reuter), stripped mealybug (Ferrissia virgata Ckll), tobacco streak virus, grey mildew Ramularia areola and boll rot incidence in Bt cotton were noticed in 2010-12. Apart from this pest and disease problems, the Alterrnaria leaf blight, root rot (Macrophomina phaseolina Maubl) and Myrothecium leaf spot caused severe yield losses in Bt cotton during 2012-2014. The survey revealed that, the pests and disease problems are increasing year by year in Bt cotton which caused yield reduction and also increased the cost of cultivation. If left unchecked these pests and disease problems are capable of undoing all benefits gained due to Bt cotton in terms of increased yield and reduction in use of chemical pesticides.
Volume 7, Issue 4 (12-2021)
Abstract
Males of the subgenus Eofoersteria Mathot (Hym., Mymaridae, Camptoptera Foerster) are diagnosed, described, and illustrated for the first time, based on examination of specimens from Tamil Nadu and from photographs of the male paratype of Camptoptera matcheta Subba Rao from Karnataka. New distributional records of C. (Eofoersteria) manipurensis (Rehmat & Anis) from Karnataka and Kerala states of India are documented.
Volume 8, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
View on Scopus
Three genera are recorded for the first time in Saudi Arabia: Alaptus Westwood, Anagrus Haliday, and Polynema Haliday. A new species, Erythmelus (Erythmelus) irba sp. nov. Zeya & Anwar & Ahmad is described. Four known species are recorded for the first time: Erythmelus (E.) flavovarius (Walker), Erythmelus (Parallelaptera) rex (Girault), Polynema (Polynema) brevicarinae Annecke & Doutt and Stephanodes reduvioli (Perkins).
Volume 8, Issue 31 (3-2020)
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the attitude and use of ritual poems in different rituals. The instrument to collect the related data was a research-made questionnaire. It consisted of 26 items on the attitude and use of Sistani poems in different rituals. To test the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach alpha was administered. the population was all individuals above 20 in Zabol city and its surrounding villages. The research sample, though, was 384 individuals based on Morgan's sampling table. This was done through random sampling. To test the hypothesis, the Chi-square was employed in SPSS software. The findings indicate that the participants have a positive attitude to ritual poems, but do not use them in their rituals as before.
Volume 9, Issue 2 (6-2023)
Abstract
The population assemblage of Drosophilidae in the four districts of North Western Ghats was analysed. A total of 13,604 individuals comprising 17 species collected from 8 localities during the period of 2021–22 across various seasons. The study highlights the dominance of three species (Drosophila bipectinata Duda, D. malerkotliana Parshad & Paika and D. eugracilis Bock & Wheeler) belonging to ananassae and eugracilis subgroups. Overall collection data revealed the highest species richness and diversity for Dharwad and UK interior forests, whereas the maximum abundance and the highest evenness were observed in UK coastal and Belagavi forests respectively. The species rank-abundance curve revealed Dharwad forest had higher species richness and comparatively stable species assemblage. Drosophila eugracilis was the dominant species in localities of Dharwad and Belagavi forests, whereas D. bipectinata was the dominant species in both coastal and interior localities of UK forests. Rare faction curves plotted across the different seasons for all the forest localities revealed population assemblage and species richness of all forests across different seasons. Morisita index of similarities showed similarities for populations across localities and seasons. Nonparametric independent sample Kruskal-Wallis test was done to test distribution of abundance of individual species across spatial and temporal groups. The study reveals variation of population assemblage across the forests of Dharwad, Belagavi, and Uttara Kannada (coastal and interior) and dominance of D. bipectinata, D. malerkotliana and D. eugracilis.
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Background: Otomycosis is a common fungal ear infection affecting people worldwide. Cases may be exacerbated by mixed fungal-bacterial infections, especially those involving antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Understanding the microbiological features and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the pathogens involved is critical for treatment. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mixed fungal-bacterial infections in otomycosis cases in Indonesia, to identify the bacterial species involved, and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.
Materials & Methods: In this study, 47 ear swab specimens were collected from 41 clinically-diagnosed otomycosis cases from April to August 2022. The collected samples were processed by culture and microscopy to identify fungal and bacterial isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Findings: Fungal isolates alone were detected in 80.9% of the specimens, while 19.1% showed mixed fungal-bacterial growth. The most common fungi were Aspergillus (57.1%) and Candida (42.9%) species. Among bacterial isolates, Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent (observed in 66.7% of mixed cases), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.2%). Also, two of the six S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Both P. aeruginosa isolates were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers.
Conclusion: Many otomycosis cases in this study demonstrated polymicrobial etiology. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to healthcare systems.
Volume 10, Issue 2 (2-2021)
Abstract
Flour mite Acarus siro (Acari: Acaridae) is an injurious postharvest pest of various stored products. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of physicochemical characteristics of stored products on A. siro. In this research, the host preference and biology of the mite were studied in three varieties of rice, two varieties of sticky rice, and three different types of cheese. We considered the differences in grain granulometry (whole, broken, and flour) as variation in physical characteristics of the stored products, and proportions of basic nutritional content as variation in chemical characteristics. The results indicated that when offered to grain with different granulometry, A. siro selected broken grain as their host and oviposition site. Furthermore, the mite’s host preferences were also influenced by the nutritional content variation of the stored products. In biology experiments, the total development of A. siro lasted from16.78 ± 0.13 to 20.60 ± 0.51days and its fecundity ranged from 17.65 ± 1.75 to 53.05 ± 0.09 eggs per female. However, the results suggested that faster development and higher fecundity of the mite were generally found in a diet(s) with higher protein, fat, and water content. Additionally, we demonstrated that A. siro is better adapted to flour products, indicating the influence of particle size on the development and reproduction of the mite. Therefore, physicochemical characteristics of the stored products strongly affected the host selection and biology of A. siro, which in turn determines the degree of product susceptibility upon mite infestation.
Volume 11, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Fungal plant diseases can severely damage oil palm crops and compromise agricultural yields. To ensure a high crop yield while keeping the fungal pathogens at bay, microbial control to combat such diseases offers a more sustainable alternative to chemical control. It is safer to replace chemical fungicides with eco-friendly bio formulations containing living fungi or bacteria and their products to manage fungal infestations on plants, especially oil palm. This is because natural antagonistic microorganisms/substances form components of biofungicides and protect plants by various modes of action such as hyperparasitism, antibiosis and/or by induction of systemic resistance. Microbial agents’ application in managing fungal plant diseases, especially oil palm crop diseases, promises a safer and sustainable agricultural system to control fungal phytopathogens while ecologically less polluting. This article briefly describes the different bioformulations and the mechanism of action of microbial agents to manage fungal phytopathogens of crops, especially in oil palm. A summary of various merits and demerits of biofungicides over synthetic ones and the future outlooks are also highlighted. Bio-based microbial agents for controlling fungal phytopathogens, especially in oil palm plants, appear to be a promising fungal pest management approach considering the growing need for sustainable practices in the agronomic sector.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Substance abuse in adolescents is caused by many factors, including family conflicts, negative parenting models, and family estrangement. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between resilience and family functioning with drug use risk behavior among adolescents in Limo District, Depok city, Indonesia.
Instruments & Methods: This descriptive correlational study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted on adolescents aged 10-15 years who lived in Limo District, Depok, Indonesia. 315 adolescents were selected by simple random sampling method. Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire was used to measure family resilience, and Family Assessment Device was used to measure family functioning. Data analysis was performed using chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.
Findings: Family resilience (p=0.011) and family functioning (p=0.001) were significantly related to drug use risk behavior. Adolescents whose families have poor resilience are 1.694 times more likely to engage in risky drug behaviors than adolescents whose families have good resilience. Also, adolescents who have poor-functioning families are 2.054 times more at risk of risky drug behaviors than adolescents whose families function well.
Conclusion: Adolescents whose families have low resilience and whose families have poor functioning are 60.7% more likely to exhibit drug use risk behavior.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Because low levels of maternal knowledge can cause stunting, developing an education system and web-based stunting anticipation system is needed to increase mothers' ability to improve stunting prevention efforts. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Education System and Stunting Anticipation on mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in preventing stunting in Pekanbaru City.
Materials & Methods: This research adopted a quantitative analytic approach using a quasi-experimental pre-and post-test design with controls. The study was conducted in the working area of Rejosari Health Center for the intervention group and Sapta Taruna Health Center for the control group from April to July 2022. There were 148 mothers in each group. The intervention group received exposure to the Education System and Anticipation of Stunting. The Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze data.
Findings: Before the intervention, the mean ranks of knowledge, attitude, and practice were 27.47, 51.39, and 30.88, respectively. After the intervention, the mean ranks of knowledge, attitude, and practice reached 71.50, 61.46, and 35.54, respectively. The increase in scores in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Implementing the Stunting Education and Anticipation System effectively increases mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in stunting prevention.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Approximately 49% of pregnancies in adolescents aged 15-19 years are mistimed. Significantly in Jambi City, this trend has increased. It reflects adolescents lack of understanding about healthy living, the risks of sexual relations, and the rejection of unwanted relationships. This study aimed to determine the effect of counseling using videos and leaflets on adolescents' knowledge about the impact of mistimed pregnancy.
Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study, with a pre-test and post-test with a control group design, was conducted from January to June 2021 in the work area of the Penyengat Olak Public Health Center, Jambi City, Indonesia. Ninety-six adolescents participated in the study and were divided into groups with video intervention and leaflet education, totaling 48 adolescents each. Research data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance test.
Findings: A significant increase was observed in student's knowledge after education using videoeo media, with a different mean score of 36 (p=0.001). Also, there was a significant increase in student's knowledge after receiving an education using leaflet media, with a different mean score of 24 (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Education using video media is more effective than leaflet media in increasing adolescents' knowledge about mistimed pregnancy.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of digital pocketbooks and animated videos about the danger signs of pregnancy in women in the third trimester of pregnancy at the Kebon IX Health Center, Jambi City, Indonesia.
Participants and Methods: This pre-experimental study used a two-group pre-test post-test design involving 120 women in their third trimester of pregnancy referring to the Kebon IX Health Center, Jambi City, Indonesia. The dependent variable was knowledge, while the independent variable was health education using animated videos and E-books about the danger signs of pregnancy. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 16 by the Wilcoxon test.
Findings: The pre-test knowledge level of most of the subjects in the animated video media group was at a good level (50%), and after the intervention (post-test), it increased to 100%. The pre-test knowledge level of most of the subjects in the E-book group was at a good level (66.7%), and after the intervention (post-test), it increased to 100%. There were differences in the level of knowledge of pregnant women before and after the intervention using animated videos and E-books (p-value <0.001).
Conclusion: Animated videos and E-books can increase the knowledge of women in the third trimester of pregnancy about the danger signs of pregnancy.
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Drought limits plant growth and productivity throughout the world. Narrow-leaved plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) is widely used to treat some human diseases and reduce antibiotic nutrition. This study aimed to examine the response of four local ecotypes of P. lanceolata to different drought stress levels in a field experiment.
Materials & Methods: A split-plot design was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the farm of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Karaj, Iran, 2018. The main factor was drought stress at three levels (D1= normal irrigation, D2= drought stress after the flowering stage with supplemental irrigation at the filling stage, and D3= stop irrigation after flowering. The second factor contained four ecotypes: G1-Arak, G2-Khoramabad, G3-Meshkinshahr1, and G4-Meshkinshar2. Data were collected and statistically analyzed for grain yield and yield components.
Findings: Results showed a significant effect of drought stress and ecotype on all traits except root lengths (p<0.05). The ecotype × drought stress interaction effects were significant for spike number per plant, leaf number per plant, leaf width, and plant height (p<0.05). The mean values of grain yield in D1, D2, and D3 were 729.41, 660.81, and 595.95 kg.h-1, respectively.
Conclusion: The highest grain yield of 670.92 kg.h-1 was obtained from G1-Arak. This ecotype produced higher grain yields under mild and severe stress than the other ecotypes and was recommended for breeding improved varieties.
