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This study employed a comprehensive scientometric analysis of scientific publications within the Journal of Language Related Research from 2012 to 2023, encompassing 871 journal documents. Utilizing VOSviewer software, quantitative tools were applied to analyze research output, authorship, collaboration patterns, thematic trends (past, present, and future), and geographical distribution. The analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of publications in recent years, though citation rates displayed variation across the timeframe. Visualizations based on co-authorship, bibliometric coupling, and citation data unveiled a dense network of collaboration among authors. The authors with the highest number of publications were Golfam (n =17) and Pishghadam (n =16),  while Derakhshan (78) and Shakki (65) were the two authors with the most citations. Analysis of "authors' keywords" and "keywords plus" co-occurrences within the network pinpointed prominent thematic areas within the journal's knowledge domain and context, including "Persian language," "critical discourse analysis," "semiotics," and "cognitive linguistics." The study concludes with a discussion of the findings and their broader implications.


 

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Acknowledging the strengths of the national curriculum, the present study aimed at evaluating its approach towards foreign language education from three perspectives: (1) analyzing the foreign language section of the national curriculum based on the methodological and theoretical underpinnings, and its internal consistency; (2) examining its content based on the basic assumptions mentioned in the literature for setting foreign language policies and (3) evaluating its content based on the macro-documents of the country. In so doing, first, the relevant sections of the national curriculum were analyzed. The results indicated that, although the foreign language section of the national curriculum has some strengths such as a move toward decentralization and increase in hours of instruction, it suffers from some weaknesses such as vagueness of the content and lack of consistency and connection among the aims of the instruction. In order to examine the document from the second perspective, 6 criteria that foreign language education policies should follow were extracted from the relevant literature, and the document was evaluated based on these criteria. The results indicated both consistencies and inconsistencies between the content of the document with these principles. The national curriculum, then, was evaluated to find its matches and mismatches with the policies and orientations of macro-documents. The results indicated that the foreign language section of the national curriculum cannot set the ground for achieving the goals proposed in the macro-documents of the country. Finally, the paper offers some guidelines for developing national English language curriculum.

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The control of bacterial diseases of fish has always been one of the most important problems of aquaculteriets in recent years. One of these problems is bacterial resistance. Using antibiotics can cause problems for consumers. Therefore, the use of new antimicrobial agents with minimal complications is common. In the present study, using the acid-thermal method, the bentonite structure was modified and the chitosan and bentonite hybrids were modified in the stage of development. The structure of the compounds was studied using the Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometry (FTIR), Surface Electron Scanning Microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (EDX). Antimicrobial activity of two types of modified bentonite on gram negative bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila was studied in vitro using two methods of disk diffusion and microdilution. The results of the disc diffusion method showed that the antimicrobial compounds produced had antibacterial properties in experimental conditions against the Aeromonas hydrophilia bacteria. Antimicrobial activity (MIC and MBC) was determined using microdilution and clonal counting in Agar culture medium. The results showed that the modified compound with the acidic method had MBC of 28.57 and 14.28 mg / L for Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria in 10 minutes and 30 minutes. For chitosan and modified bentonite composite, MBC was 14.28 mg / ml for Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria in 10 and 30 minutes. The results of this study showed that modified bentonite and composite compounds have strong antimicrobial effects and can remove pathogens in laboratory conditions and can be used as new compounds to control pathogens in breeding systems.

 

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Objective correlative is the non-vocal expression of emotions through a set of sophisticated situations, events which bring to the reader the same emotions. In other words, the writer instead of direct expression of emotions, illustrates them by object, situations and events in order to influence the reader. This disinterested or impersonal theory of foregrounding emotions or experiences in art and poetry is also being used in the poetic vocations of both Nima and Shamloo. So the present comparative study intends to show the manifestation of the term objective correlative in some of the poems by these two poets, which does not seem to have received so far a significant attention by the researchers. Of Nimas poems, the authors have selected: Guard of night, Night whole night and Night, Call him, and of Shamloo’s poetical vocations they have chosen: Rejected, Where is the flower, There is nothing to say, Euology, Connection, Ibrahim in the fire, and Plan.      

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Background: Emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has highlighted the need to identify new and more efficient antibacterial agents. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antibacterial activity of dill (Anethum graveolens) seeds essential oil and to investigate the effect of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) seeds alcoholic extract on biofilm formation ability of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Materials and methods: This experimental study was carried out at the Faculty of Medicine of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2014. Activity of dill seeds essential oil was evaluated based on the inhibition zone diameter and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against some important pathogenic bacteria including: Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of cumin seeds alcoholic extract was evaluated on biofilm formation ability of K. pneumoniae. The biofilms were formed on semi-glass lamellas and observed by a scanning electron microscope.
Results: Dill essential oil showed a good to moderate activity against the tested strains. The highest antibacterial activity was observed against S. aureus (inhibition zone of 15 mm and MIC of 0.62 mg.mL^-1) and V. cholerae (inhibition zone of 14 mm and MIC of 0.7 mg..mL^-1). The cumin alcoholic extract had no effect on biofilm formation ability of K. pneumoniae.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed the presence of antimicrobial compounds in dill extract. The cumin alcoholic extract was not able to inhibit biofilm formation ability of K. pneumoniae. Because of the medicinal plants properties, it is valuable to search for promising herbs and novel chemical compounds.

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Metformin enhances insulin's effect and increases cells’ sensitivity to insulin. In this paper, nanocomposite was designed and used in the metformin release system, which was able to release the required drug in a controlled manner. In this research, nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO) were prepared via the sol-gel method. The experimental design central composite response surface method was applied for the optimization of the nanoparticles based on varied variables such as the weight of zinc acetate (gr) (X ₁) and the volume of triethanolamine (ml) (X₂). The particle size of the optimized nanoparticle was reported to be 28 ± 21.27 nm; zeta potential and PdI were 25.54 ± 1.64 mV, 0.168 ± 0.05 respectively. The chitosan polymer was used to improve environmental compatibility and increase drug release control; finally, metformin was loaded on the optimized nanocomposite. Structural properties were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The SEM images showed that the average nanocomposite size was 40 nm. The results of XRD patterns and SEM images were also consistent with each other and the average particle size was the same. Infrared spectrophotometry showed the presence of chitosan used to coat nanoparticles on their surfaces and confirmed the loading of metformin. An in-vitro metformin release from the nanocomposite was conducted in PBS (pH=7.4) and analyzed by a spectrophotometer at 233 nm. Metformin has a high solubility in water, and since it is difficult to prepare a slow release form of high-solubility drugs, the aim of this study was to design a slow-release formulation of metformin with a suitable profile that could control release without explosive release for up to 120 hours.

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  From the ancient time, the land of Iran, because of its geopolitical location, played an important role in terms of cultural interaction between the East and the West. Infact, one of the most attractive parts of the world history is cultural communication and also political conflicts between Iran, Greece and Roman Empires, as representatives of the East and the West. According to historical and archaeological evidences, it can be claimed that, among the craftsmen of both nations, there was a clear understanding on mythical and religious characters of other side. So, on the basis of iconographical studies, this paper aims to focus on two mythical characters,Tishtar and Pegasus, as a sign of cultural interaction, appeared on two Sassanid silverworks. This study, finally takes a result that how Iranian artisan in Sassanidera had imitated the form of Pegasus appearance on the Western art and used it as a prototype to show Tishtar on his works.     

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 Research subject: Low solubility of pharmaceutical compounds leads to increasing the required drug dosage and their side effects as well as reducing their therapeutic efficiency. Producing pharmaceutical micro/nanoparticles with homogenous morphology and narrow size distribution is one of the confirmed approaches for their solubility enhancement. So, selection and designing an appropriate method for this purpose is one of the most important research fields of pharmaceutical industries. Over the past three decades, supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO₂) based methods as a clean and green technologies have been received much attention in various fields of pharmaceutical industries. However, in order to design and development of these methods for producing micro/nanoparticles, determination of the compounds solubility in sc-CO₂ is essential.
Research approach: In this research, well known empirical models (Adachi and Lu, Ch and Madras, Hozahzbr et al., Bian et al., Mendez-Santiago-Teja), as well as the artificial neural network model were applied for prediction the solubility of six anticancer drugs (Aprepitant, 5-Fluorouracil, Imatinib mesylate, Capecitabine, Letrozole, Docetaxel) in sc-CO₂.
 In order to evaluate the accuracy of these models, a comparison was made between the calculated solubility values and the available experimental data, based on several statistical criteria, such as the average absolute relative deviation (AARD%), adjusted correlation coefficient (R_adj) and F-value.
Main results: According to obtained results, Adachi and Lu model with AARD% value of 12.12% and R_adj value of 0.97 provided acceptable results for solubility of mentioned drugs in sc-CO₂. Also, in comparison between empirical and artificial neural network models, the latter one with AARD% value of 1.65% and R_adj value of 0.9960 was appointed as the most appropriate model for correlation of drugs solubility data.

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Performance evaluation is one of the important components of each organization, and educational organizations are not exceptions. According to the results of many studies, the single most important factor in determining student academic success or failure is the classroom teacher. Therefore, teachers are at the center of attempts to improve or reform the educational system of any country. Because of their importance, educational systems need to be assured that teachers perform their best to enhance student learning and try to improve teachers’ performance by identifying the strengths and weaknesses of their performance for further professional development. Both of these aims can be achieved by developing a research-based teacher evaluation system. With due consideration of the requirements of developing an evaluation procedure, the present study aims at proposing a new model for EFL teacher performance appraisal.  For so doing, a number of relevant studies on teacher evaluation and effective teaching, relevant national documents, and EFL teachers’ and experts’ views were investigated. Then, for making decision regarding the components of the assessment procedure, Delphi technique was used. The decisions made about the components of proposed model are discussed and the requirements for its implementation are explained

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An updated checklist of the scorpiofauna of Iran is presented. The checklist is based on records of scorpion species which their presence have been confirmed in Iran through field expeditions, examination of scorpion collections, literature review, and personal communications with researchers. According to the presented checklist the scorpion fauna of Iran consists of 68 valid species (41 endemic to Iran) belonging to 19 genera and four families and 6 doubtful reports (belong family Buthidae). Hemiscorpius gaillardi (Vachon, 1974) and Compsobuthus jakesi Kovařík, 2003 reported for the first time from Hormozgan province. Odontobuthus tavighiae Navidpour et al., 2013 collected for the first time from Fars province. Kraepelinia palpator (Birula, 1903) and O. tirgari Mirshamsi et al., 2013 were new record for South Khorasan province fauna. The list is dominated by members of the family Buthidae (58 species) with 85.3% of total species. The level of regional endemism exceeds 60.3%. A dichotomic identification key to the Iranian species on the basis of a DELTA database has been provided.

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Production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli has been very common in recent decades. Many studies and experiments have been done in order to optimize the production and expression of recombinant proteins in E.coli. One strategy is using high cell density to increase recombinant protein production such as β-NGF in the cell. Therefore, in this study for the first time bacterial cell culture in high cell density was done using glycerol and yeast extract as carbon and nitrogen sources and MgCl2 as a growth effective factor. Also the effects of overnight culture conditions on bacterial growth were evaluated. Meanwhile culture conditions were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and the optimum conditions were as follows: 18/23 g/lit glycerol, 14.44 g/lit yeast extract and 10mM MgCl2. Also the obtained results indicated that the 14 hours incubation at 37 °C and 180 rpm were optimum conditions for the overnight culture. Our results showed that the rate of cell growth and recombinant β-NGF production in optimized condition is significantly higher than in basic medium.

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Aims: In the present study, a three-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic model with the capability to simulate the diffusion of chemical pollutants released in marine basins was developed and used as a case study to simulate the diffusion of phosphate released by fish culture cages located in the Sisangan marine basin.
Materials & Methods: The equations of the model including momentum equations, continuity of mass equation, temperature, salinity, representative of vertical velocity, the tendency of bottom pressure equations and an extra three-dimensional advection-diffusion equation for simulation of pollutant’s diffusion rewritten in the earth’s spherical coordinates with a vertical Sigma coordinate were solved using finite difference method. To provide the open boundary conditions, the model was used for simulation of wind driven currents in the Caspian Sea from 20 October 2018 to 20 May 2019. For the application of wind field and real geometric condition, it was used the time series of wind fields supplied by ECMWF reanalysis dataset and GEBCO bathymetry with 0.125 degrees resolution and 15 seconds of geographical resolution, respectively.
Findings: Considering the concentration of 17ppb for the phosphate as a concentration of pollutant in the source of the pollution in the location of the fish culture cages, wind induced currents and the diffusion of the phosphate were simulated for 8 months in both horizontal and vertical directions. The results of the simulations were demonstrated and analyzed within the framework of the horizontal surface current, distribution of the phosphate’s concentration in both horizontal and a vertical latitude-depth cross section.
Conclusion: The phosphate’s diffusion is affected by the wind induced currents and after 8 months, it could be extended to the distance of 11, 8.5, 9.5, and 5.7 kilometers far from the cages in eastern, western, southern, and northern directions, respectively. With the generation of vertical velocity and the turbulence effects in the upper layers, phosphate might be diffused in the vertical direction up to 400m depth, as well.

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The impact of motivation in human activities, especially in L2/FL learning/teaching has always attracted researcher's attention. After revealing the limitations of Gardner's ideas, it was determined, in 90's, that mental representations of language learners have a great effect on their motivational processes.
The L2 motivational system of  Dörnyei, as an integration of Gardner, Higgins, Markus and Nurius's ideas with possible selves concept in psychology is one of the most modern theories for studying the L2/FL motivation; the theoretical model contains 3 main concepts: The Ideal L2 self, The Ought-to L2 self and The Learning Experience. In this paper, the authors study the motivational factors of Dörnyei’s theory in Iranian French learners. A questionnaire was distributed to 160 French learners (University students and institute learners) and was analyzed by SPSS 18 software.The results showed that recognition and enhancement of L2 motivational factors can predict the intended effort. Correlation analyses coefficient revealed that the ideal L2 self-variable has a direct relationship with instrumentality-prevention, instrumentality- promotion and intended effort. Also, there is no significant correlation between the anxiety, Ideal L2 self, and intended effort while there is a direct relation between anxiety and the ought-to-to L2 self-items.
 

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In the present study, the goldfish kisspeptin peptide was synthesized using the solid phase synthesis method according to the nucleotide sequence of the goldfish (Carassius auratus) kiss1 gene. Next, an acetyl group was added to the amino group of Tyr1 to increase the biological activity. The synthesized peptide (referred to as ACKiss1) was purified by RP-HPLC and its structure was confirmed using electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. To determine the biological activity, ACKiss1, native Kiss1 and commercial GnRH hormone were injected to goldfish, some important parameters of the reproductive physiology were studied. Kiss1 and ACKiss1 were injected with a dosage of 100 μg/kg fish body weight and GnRH was injected with dosages of 100 and 200 μg/kg body weight. 6 hours after injection, blood was taken from the caudal vein and sex hormones were measured in plasma. 24 hours after injection, reproductive indices were measured in a series of fish. In another series of fish, 24 hours after injection, ovarian and brain tissues were separated for histological studies and expression of the reproductive-related genes (cyp19b, gpr54a, and kiss1). The results revealed that significant changes in biochemical parameters and gene expression were recorded in both brain tissue samples and ovarian tissue in ACKISS1 treatment. It was also found in ovarian histology that under the influence of kisspeptin and GnRH, the number of mature oocytes increased significantly.
 

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Many studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of gender on language. Some have considered elements of feminine and masculine styles in this regard, while others have considered language to be non-gendered. The discussion of feminine writing style that emerged from the views of those like Lakoff is based on feminist and postmodern ideas. In this article, while reviewing the basics of gender linguistics and a brief outline of the components of Lakoff on feminine writing style, we do a comparative study on the researches done in Iran in this field on translated and compiled literary works. Finally we study 12 articles, analyzing the general state of these studies and their results. In general, the shortcomings of researches, (translation and compilation), in Iran include the sheer field of research results, the lack or weakness of analyzes based on social, psychological, and cultural theories, and their non- generalizability. Regarding researches on the impact of gender on translation, it should be noted that in addition, the number of studies is not high and some points are ignored or the methodology is inadequate.
 
1. Introduction
Chromosomal and consequently cellular differences between men and women, as well as differences between male and female hormones, cause differences in men and women’s brains biologically. This affects their intellectual, emotional, linguistic processes and their general viewpoints. Since language is related to social attitudes, it can be concluded that people with different attitudes have different linguistic or discourse functions. Differences in social attitudes are caused by cultural differences, education, age, and gender, and as women enter the field of fiction, we see a novel discourse called "women's writing style."   
After the expansion of feminist beliefs in the 1960s in addition to the rise of feminist linguistics and gender linguistics, more and more women entered the field of writing, talking about their experiences, issues, and concerns. Apparently, owing to the lower status of women in society, and the rejection of the existing patriarchal culture, many female writers adopted a different style and discourse. In this article, we intend to review the studies on the role of gender in women's writing and translation; besides, we will review eleven published articles to find the answers to the following questions:
1. What components have been studied in women's style researches, including authorship and translation in Iran?
 2. What are the shortcomings of the researches conducted in Iran?
3. Do the researches carried out regarding translation in Iran show the effect of translator gender on his/her translation?
Studies indicate that existing researches have presented field statistics of a number of well-known components in this area, and despite the efforts of recent researchers, the role of in-depth analysis based on valid socio-cultural-psychological theories in these researches is limited. Consequently, they are not generalizable. Regarding the effect of gender on translation, there have been few studies, which were either methodologically inappropriate, or avoided considering some points and the absence of extensive researches in this field is felt.
 
2. Literature Review
Like any other social movements, feminism has had its ups and downs. The first manifestations of feminism can be found in the poems of the Greek poet Sappho of the seventh century BC. The French poet and philosopher Christine de Pizan (1330-1464) also continued this style. Since the 15th century, a number of men and women have written in defense of women and the idea of ​​equality between men and women.
Virginia Woolf pioneered twentieth-century feminist critique with her book of Room of Her Own (1919). After the World War II, Simone de Beauvoir revived the feminist movement with the publication of The Second Sex. After the second wave of feminism, the style of feminine writing was founded upon the ideas of Jacques Lacan, Luce Irigaray, Julia kristeva, Jean Baudrillard, Jean-François Lyotard, Hélène Cixous, and Gilles Deleuze, the founders of postmodern thought.
Hélène Cixous published The Laugh of the Medusa in Arc magazine in 1975, coining the term "feminine writing" (Fauvrelle-Pomeon, p. 183). According to her, women should write about themselves, their feelings, their bodies, their gender, and in this case, their language and language structures will be different. Researches on language and gender initially focused on the effect of gender variable on individual’s verbal behavior at the phonetic level and interactive methods. Robin Lakoff's book Language and Woman's Place (1975) revolutionized the study of language and gender, and expanded researches that had previously focused solely on individual’s verbal behavior at the phonetic level by enumerating lexical, syntactic, and practical features (Moradi and Bahrani, 2016, p. 85). Afterwards, Lakoff mentions 14 characteristics for female speech in the book of Talking Power (1990) (Fotouhi, 2012, pp. 398-399). 
The book A literature of their own (1977) by the American Elaine Showalter is another great work in this field. Influenced by Cixous, Showalter writes on the analysis of women-centered critiques and feminine aesthetics, and uses four biological, linguistic, psychological, and cultural approaches to analyze women's texts and explain their differences. Julia Kristeva and Luce Irigaray are also writers whose work pieces have had a great impact on global feminism and the explanation of women's writing style (Talaei and Talaei, 2018, pp. 434-440; Fauvrelle-Pomeon, p. 184).
However, separating writing into feminine-masculine is not entirely acceptable to all linguists. Taheri (2009, p. 98) does not provide a scientific basis for the theory or method of women's writing, because in Cixous's own words, "it is not possible to provide a definition of women's writing ... and as a result this method is never theorized, defined and codified." . Fotouhi (2012) distinguishes between sex and gender while discussing the use of the term "gender dialect" in linguistics to express the difference between feminine and masculine language. By distinguishing the question of language and gender from the nature of women's literature, or feminism, he mentions five linguistic levels for the characteristics of feminine speech: the phonetic level, the lexical level, the syntactic level, the rhetorical level, and the applied level.
The important point is that there is a difference between a work written in a feminine style and a female-written work: the feminine writing style seeks to reclaim women’s violated rights in the struggle against male domination and has its own components. However, any work written by a woman is considered a female-written work, while a man can also write in a feminine style. This point was the subject of sarailoo's dissertation (2017) entitled  "A comparative Study of female style in Ghadah Al-Samman and Zoya Pirzad's stories". She examines the type of female writing in these two authors' works and concludes that the Al-Samman's works belong to female literary tradition and the Pirzad's works belong to feminism literary tradition.
Aghajari et al. (1398) affirm that the presence of Iranian women in society coincided with the presence of women in written culture during the Constitutional Revolution changes. According to Khayatan (1397), women's storytelling in Iran dates back to before Daneshvar. In the Qajar Era, for the first time, Naser al-Din Shah's daughter wrote stories that were told orally to her father making "Amir Arsalan-e Namdar" the first story written in Persian by a woman. According to Ghasemzadeh and Ali Akbari, Simin Daneshvar is the first Persian-language female novelist in Iran to publish the novel Savushun (1969) after the publication of the first collection of women's short stories entitled A City Like Paradise (1961).
Much research has been done on women's writing style in Iran, both in terms of theoretical, stylistic foundations and applied criticism of literary works. Davari Ardakani and Ayyar in 2008 reviewed the researches carried out in Iran in the field of gender linguistics up to that time and pointed out the problems of those researches. Davari Ardakani and Ayyar also refer to the Book " introduction to the Sociology of Language" written bye Yahya Modarresi in 2007, which analyzes the issues related to society and language, including gender, and men and women’s linguistic patterns and their social differences, and points to gender differences in different languages. The women’s writing style was also studied by Fotouhi in the book Stylistics, Theories, Approaches and Methods, (2012).
 
3. Methodology
In this descriptive-comparative study, while examining the biological and physiological differences between men and women and the theoretical foundations of gender linguistics, we will have a brief and cataloged review of related research in Iran. Then, by reviewing and summarizing 11 applied critiques of women writing (4 researches on the role of translator gender in translation and 7 researches in authorship), we extract and compare the characteristics and components of women's writing style studied in these researches to determine the general status of these researches and existing shortcomings.
The peculiarity and innovation of the present study is that, contrary to the practice of many previous field-researches, which evaluated some presupposed stylistic components of female writing in one or more works, it examines a number of studies conducted in the field of authorship and translation in Iran providing a supra-analysis of the overall status of these studies
 
4. Conclusion
There has been a lot of research in Iran on the effect of the author's gender on writing, but the number of studies on the effect of the translator's gender on translation is very limited. In general, in most studies, some tangible components derived from the theories of Lakoff and other theorists in this field have been studied. Researchers have attempted to describe characteristics and components of feminine writing style through setting the norms and standards of male writing and considering certainty of the difference between male and female writing styles, which is the most fundamental flaw.
Although in more recent research, researchers have tried to look at the issue from a socio-cultural perspective, this approach is very limited and does not provide in-depth analyzes based on social and cultural theories. It seems that researchers in most cases have attempted to prove the theory and its truth in their research; an effort that is in fact anti-scientific. In these studies, the effect of psychological, individual and situational aspects of the author or translator have not been considered and more attention has been paid to their gender.
In the case of translation research, the method adopted is ineffective in some cases. In this regard, it is better to compare different translations of male and female translators of the same work, while bearing the recent translator’s awareness and use of the previous translation in mind.
In examining and criticizing the gender of a translation, one should take the original work in the source language and the style of the original author into account, because the act of translation, compared to the authorship, is restricted and largely depends on the original work. In addition, the researcher should mind the translator’s stylistic features (faithful translation to the text or free translation ...).  
It is also important to respect issues related to editing, publishing norms and requirements in Iran and censorship. When we are going to emphasize the translator's female style in terms of deleting or modifying some words or phrases, we need to know whether the translator did it voluntarily or under the pressure of the publisher or the editor....
    In general, it can be argued that the result of the research presented field statistics and figures of the intended components. That is some tangible components derived from the theories of Lakoff, Mills, Fairclough, and other theorists in this area. Hence, the results obtained from these studies cannot be generalized.
Regarding the issues discussed, it can be said that the study of the effect of gender on writing, both in terms of authorship and translation, requires extensive interdisciplinary researches which are beyond a concise article. To examine this issue in Persian, we must first provide a precise definition of gender and its relationship with other personality factors such as age, occupation, family environment, education, time, and the prevailing cultural discourse. Then, gender differences between languages, men and women’s social differences and their linguistic characteristics need to be recognized. Additionally, while localizing the theoretical foundations of gender linguistics, the components obtained based on related social, cultural, psychological theories and translation should be examined.

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Bijan Samandar (b. 1941 - d. 2018) was a Shirazi poet and lyricist known for his dedication to local themes and vernacular language. This study examines Samandar's local poetry, analyzing the Shirazi dialect and elements of folk culture embedded within his verses. Samandar played an essential role in reviving and enriching Shirazi poetry, artfully integrating colloquial expressions that draw upon words, idioms, and proverbs once commonly spoken by the people of Shiraz. Today, these linguistic elements have faded from the standard dialect, and even among current Shirazi residents, some of these terms have been forgotten. The research, conducted through descriptive-analytical methods, reveals that knowledge of Shirazi vocabulary provides significant insights into the folk culture and subcultures of southern Iran, preserving linguistic heritage. Additionally, examining these terms reveals which word groups were prevalent in Samandar’s time. Furthermore, each term is compared with the Lori dialect, demonstrating the closeness of the Shirazi dialect to Lori.

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Although the hearing skills of children with hearing loss are improved with the help of hearing aids, cochlear implants, and speech therapy, they have difficulties understanding and producing language because of their delayed hearing onset. Considering that these children go to school with their hearing peers, it is needed that their oral language performance be compared with the hearing students. Hence, the present study analyzed and compared the oral language skills of children with hearing loss having hearing aids and cochlea implants, with their hearing counterparts. For this purpose, 39 children aged 6-8 years were examined by the Told-p:3 test. The participants included 16 hearing children, 13 children with cochlear implants, and 10 children with hearing aids. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The results showed no significant difference in syntactic and semantic skills of children having hearing aids and cochlear implants. However, the findings indicated a significant difference between hearing children and children with hearing loss ones having hearing aids and cochlear implants in their semantic and syntactic skills. Therefore, it is needed that children with hearing loss go through verbal-auditory rehabilitation training until they reach the hearing level of hearing children. Neglecting this issue can have detrimental effects on their educational achievements and future job performance.

1.  Introduction

Today, in the Iranian context, children with any kind of physical-motor and hearing disabilities go to public schools to study with other students if they have normal IQs. Although the language skills of hearing-loss children are improved with the help of hearing aids, cochlear implants, and speech therapy, because the onset of hearing in these children is delayed and given that the education of hearing-loss children is done in public schools, it is necessary that the quality of oral language and, consequently, the quality of the written language of deaf children in comparison with their hearing peers be carefully examined. Therefore, in the present study, the quality of oral language in hearing-loss children with their hearing counterparts has been analyzed and compared.

2. Method
In this study, oral language of hearing and hearing loss children was compared from two aspects of listening and speaking. For this purpose, 39 children aged 6-8 years, including 16 hearing children, 13 children with cochlear implants, and 10 children with hearing aids were examined by using the told-p3 test. Deaf children had pre-lingual deafness and had received hearing aids or cochlear aids before the age of two, and have gradually been able to speak with auditory-verbal rehabilitation training. The Told-p3 test was used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for all variables. For inferential statistics, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to examine the difference between the means in all three groups of children, and then the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the groups.

3. Results
The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The results showed no significant difference in syntactic and semantic skills of children having hearing aids and cochlear implants (P.>0.05). However, the findings indicated a significant difference between hearing children and children with hearing loss ones having hearing aids and cochlear implants in their semantic and syntactic skills (P.<0.05). These children had a significantly worse performance than that of hearing children in receiving and understanding the meanings of words and sentences, providing verbal definitions of words and recognizing them, and understanding and applying the forms.

4. Conclusion
The findings of the study showed no significant difference in the quality of oral language between children with cochlear implants and hearing aids. However, there was a significant difference between hearing children and the two groups of hearing-loss children in the quality of oral language in terms of listening and speaking. Accordingly, because deaf children have poorer performance than that of hearing children, not paying enough attention to this issue can have detrimental effects on their educational achievements and future job performance.  Therefore, the policy of teaching hearing-loss children in public schools along with hearing peers needs more reflection by educational policymakers. It is suggested that hearing loss children be helped by different interventions and rehabilitation programs before they start their education with their hearing peers. 
 

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The main goal in design of heating, cooling and air conditioning systems is to provide thermal comfort. In present study, performances of radiant cooling ceiling system and stratum ventilation have been studied separately and together to provide the overall and local thermal comfort conditions. Therefore, using computational fluid dynamics, indices PMV (predict mean vote) and PPD (predict percent dissatisfied) has been studied as two overall thermal comfort parameters. Also, vertical temperature gradient and draft risk has been studied as two indices dissatisfaction of¬¬ local thermal comfort. According to the results of this study, combining stratum ventilation and radiant cooling ceiling caused a uniform distribution of overall thermal comfort conditions. Also vertical temperature gradient decreases and there is no draft risk. Therefore combining stratum ventilation and radiant cooling ceiling is introduced as the new Strategy and application ability to provide the proper conditions to achieve overall and local thermal comfort.