Showing 33 results for Naghavi
Volume 3, Issue 1 (6-2013)
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the quality of empowering the staff of Ministry of Finance and Economic Affair headquarter and the standard model of Investing in People. The research population of this study includes staffs of the headquarters of the Ministry of Finance with bachelor degree or higher who are 821 people and selected samples are 256 persons whom were chosen by Morgan’s table. Questionnaire used in this study are Spreitzer Psychological Empowerment standard questionnaire and a questionnaire which was designed according to the standard criteria of investing in people. First, the current status of psychological empowerment headquarters of the Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs is measured and then the research hypotheses are tested and assessed by SPSS software and LISREL. Surveying the status of employee empowerment indicates the average level of empowerment in the organization and shows the need for improvements. Results also denote that there is a significant positive correlation between the quality of empowering the staff and the two components of commitment and planning. However, there is no relationship between two components of action and assessment of the standard model of Investing in People and the final model is obtained by the software.
Volume 4, Issue 3 (Number 3&4 - 2002)
Abstract
Two barley (Hordeun vulgare L.) genotypes, Radical and Cwb, with good to moderate levels of resistance to powdery mildew were crossed with a highly susceptible cultivar (Afzal) to determine the genetics of resistance. The parents, Fl, F2 and F3 generations of each of the two crosses, were evaluated for powdery mildew resistance in the glasshouse and field at the College of Agriculture in Karaj during 2000. The x2 analysis of the segre-gating ratios in the F3 generations indicated that the resistance was controlled by one gene at seedling stage and by two or three genes at adult plant stage in Cwb and Radical, respectively. Radical showed a higher level of resistance than the Cwb, therefore, it is a better source of resistance to powdery mildew.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
One of the most important research topics in HRM field of study in recent decades, is the study of HRM-performance relationship. The importance of these studies is so much, as they imply both micro and macro implications of HR practices, encompass HRM influences on performance outcomes, and also the existence reason of HR practices and the nature of its practices. However, a body of researches have scientifically criticized/questioned the findings of aforementioned previous studies. These criticisms often comprise the methodological aspects of previous studies. Current study, in two phases, has been done by considering the importance of prementioned issue and the lack of a study in order to introduce and summarize those criticisms. First, we applied “mixed research synthesis” approach as one of the subsidiaries of meta-synthesis method. By studying and summarizing 40 valid critical papers in this field of study, we have presented and explained a five-dimensioned guiding map for introducing the criticisms on the HRM-performance researches. In order to assess research validity, CASP standard checklist was applied, and to determine the reliability, Cohen's Kappa was used in SPSS software which was confirmed by resulting in 0/762. In the second phase, the five dimensions, found in the former phase, were prioritized with AHP method.
Volume 11, Issue 5 (Supplementary Issue - 2009)
Abstract
The applicability of RAPDs, AFLPs, and SSRs to examine genetic relationships in 36 populations of Triticum boeoticum from West of Iran was investigated. A total of 224 (135 polymorphic), 979 (429 polymorphic) and 246 (145 polymorphic) bands/alleles were detected using 14 RAPD primers, 17 AFLP primer combinations and 17 well distributed, mapped SSR markers, respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value was high for SSRs (0.81) but low for RAPDs (0.45) and AFLPs (0.56) reflecting the hypervariability of the first system. AFLPs carried the highest Marker Index (MI) value (14.19), reflecting the high multiplexity ratio of this system. The correlation coefficients of similarity were statistically significant for all the three marker systems employed. UPGMA cluster plots separated the 36 populations into three major groups based on their RAPD fragment similarities, and into two major groups based on their AFLP, SSR and RAPD+AFLP+SSR genotypic similarities. These different marker systems should provide different levels of information, important in the management of germplasm resources. A good level of genetic diversity observed in the populations of Kermanshah and Lorestan Provinces shows that T. boeoticum invades a wide range of agroecosystems in the West of Iran.
Volume 12, Issue 1 (6-2022)
Abstract
Objective: Given the importance of the concept of dynamic capabilities in gaining competitive advantage for organizations, this article seeks to "provide a model for the behavioral foundations of dynamic capabilities."
Method: The method of this research was to combine two methods of systematic review of sources and then content analysis based on interviews with experts. At the beginning, a systematic in-depth and systematic study of the background of internal and external studies on the subject of dynamic capabilities, relying on the systematic review method and providing a protocol for it in the field of behavioral and human foundations of dynamic capabilities. Then, by means of semi-structured interviews with experts of government-based knowledge companies as well as experts and university professors in the form of content analysis method, a network of themes of behavioral foundations of dynamic capabilities has been presented.
Results: Finally, a final proposed framework has been implemented by combining the results of systematic review and the results of content analysis in a framework that in all three dimensions of perception, abduction and reorganization of these behavioral and human foundations found by both methods. They were organized by deleting common items and merging similar items. The proposed framework has not yet been presented in research in this field of study, and the authors believe that it can partially bridge the gap in the literature on behavioral foundations and human resources in dynamic capabilities in future studies.
Volume 12, Issue 1 (6-2022)
Abstract
EOR, as a field of research, has increasingly been recognized as the loci of research on organizational behavior, human resource management, and employment relationships. There is a research demand to integrate the academic literature to reach a better understanding of EOR. Adopting the methodology of systematic literature review proposed by Centobelli etal.(2017), the present research provides a comprehensive analysis of eighty pieces of EOR research published from 1990 to 2020. Findings in the final table is tabulated and presented. theoretical gaps were identified in the current EOR research: a lack of research on the organizational context, on the integration of micro- and macro-level, and on the multidimensional analysis of individual behavior, organizational context, and employment relationships. Finally, management strategies as well as strengths and limitations of the study are discussed.
Volume 12, Issue 1 (Winter 2024)
Abstract
Aims: Cardiovascular disease remains highly prevalent in Tehran City, Iran, necessitating a careful consideration of the quality of life among individuals afflicted with heart disease. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of recovery-oriented cognitive therapy on quality of life and life expectancy in cardiac patients.
Materials & Methods: This semi-experimental study employed a pre-test/post-test design in cardiovascular patients who visited the Tehran Heart Center hospital for cardiac rehabilitation in 2022-2023. Recovery-oriented cognitive therapy was used as an intervention for the experimental group (n=24), and the control group (n=30) had no intervention. Following a month-long intervention comprising two sessions per week, patients underwent reassessment at three- and six-months post-treatment. The short form 36 (SF-36) and adult hope scale-12 (AHS-12) questionnaires were used. The data was analyzed using the Bonferroni t-test, covariance-based statistics, and one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) using the SPSS 21 software.
Findings: There were no significant differences in the quality of life and life expectancy parameters between the experimental and control groups. The quality of life and life expectancy showed consistent and significant improvement across all four measured time points
Conclusion: Recovery-oriented cognitive therapy positively affects the quality of life and life expectancy in cardiac patients.
Volume 12, Issue 2 (Number 2 - 2010)
Abstract
Pollen grains as well as whole plants of four olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars were screened for NaCl salinity stress. Different vegetative and physiological indexes of the cultivars were analyzed. Leaf and root Na/K ratio as well as stomatal resistance of plants exposed to salinity proved to be appropriate indexes of whole plant response to salt stress. Whereas, in vitro pollen germination percentage served as a reliable index of pollen tolerance to salinity, pollen tube growth did not. A close correlation between pollen (gametophyte) and whole plant (sporophyte) responses to salinity was observed. These parallel responses imply that selection exerted at the gametophytic level could overcome breeding problems encountered at sporophytic level when dealing with adult olive plants.
Volume 12, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Research objective: Government organizations have a bureaucratic and inflexible nature that leads to limitations for managers and employees. The use of inclusive leadership style leads to increased moral courage and boldness to increase the psychological safety and exchanges between managers and Increase staff and be able to circumvent cumbersome rules with benevolent intentions in order to achieve organizational goals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of inclusive leadership style on pro-social rule breaking by emphasizing the mediating role of psychological safety and creative self-efficacy and moderating member leader exchange.
Methodology: The method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study is the employees of government organizations in West Azerbaijan province. Based on simple random sampling, 374 correct questionnaires were returned and the research data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Standard questionnaires were used to measure research variables.
Research findings: Inclusive leadership has a direct and significant effect on pro-social rule breaking and indirectly has a significant effect on pro-social rule breaking through mediation of creative self-efficacy and psychological safety and moderation of leader-member exchange.
Research innovation: The results of the present study strengthen the application of inclusive leadership style in government organizations and help managers of organizations to understand the impact of inclusive leadership style on pro-social rule breaking to mediate creative self-efficacy and psychological safety and moderation. Provide leader-member exchanges to cause pro-social rule breaking to achieve organizational goals and the interests of stakeholders.
Volume 12, Issue 3 (Number 3 - 2010)
Abstract
Inheritance of salinity tolerance was determined in a cross between two spring bread wheat cultivars, "Rovshan" (P1) a tolerant cultivar and "Falat" (P2) a susceptible one. The parents, F1, F2 and backcross generations were studied under salinity conditions (EC= 12 dS m-1) in a greenhouse. Eight characters namely: Heading Date (HD), Plant Height (PH), K+, Na+, K+/Na+ ratio, total Number of Tillers per plant (NT), Ratio of Fertile Tillers per plant (RFT) and total Chlorophyll Content (TC) were recorded to estimate means and variances pooled over replications, according to the weighted generation means analysis method. Generation means analysis of the data revealed that these characters show all types of gene actions (additive, dominance and epistasis) and suggest that complex epistatic effects are important in controlling salt tolerance characteristics. The highest broad sense heritability (0.87) was observed for K+/Na+, indicating the interference of a major gene in control of this trait. Regarding the existence of additive and non-additive effects in controlling traits in this cross, the recurrent selection followed by pedigree breeding may prove useful in improving salinity tolerance in wheat.
Volume 12, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Today, many organizations meet with many risks to employee development. They are suspicious about return on investment in employee development. Managers expect that developing investments improve employee performance and organizational wellbeing. The organization spent time, cost, and experience on employee development, but the turnover of employees, less of competence, limitation of competence, absence, and leaving the organization cause human resource development risk. The purpose of this research is to review the articles on risks and human resource development. After that, a model of human resource development risk in the knowledge-Based organization was presented. The method of this research is a mixed approach. This mix-method is a developmental and applied study. The model of human resource development risk used was designed based on interviews with 17 experts in this field. To evaluate the model, a fieldwork questionnaire was distributed among 100 experts. The collected data were analyzed via Theme analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. The findings indicate individual dimension is less mentioned in the literature, but it is a high priority for the organizational dimension. perceptual risk, knowledge risk, and behavioral risk are three components of individual risk and human resource environment risk with operational risks are two components of organizational risk. Managers can better analyze via the human resource development risk model in individual and organizational dimensions.
Volume 13, Issue 6 (Number 6 - 2011)
Abstract
Comparative assessment of genetic diversity of 122 durum wheat genotypes (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) was performed using 73 SSAP polymorphic fragments, 123 AFLP polymorphic loci and 104 SSR alleles. SSAP and AFLP data showed a clear demarcation between the cultivars and landraces and SSR data classified cultivars and landraces according to their origin. Furthermore, the estimated genetic diversity of Iranian landraces was higher compared to the foreign entries and a loss of genetic diversity was observed from landraces to cultivars. This study determined that differences in genetic relationships revealed by SSAP, AFLP and SSR distances could not be attributed solely to differences in the level of polymorphism detected by each marker system. The molecular evidence of genetic diversity decrease of the durum wheat gene pool further strengthens the strategic relevance of undertaking appropriate genetic conservation measures for food security.
Volume 13, Issue 7 (Supplementary Issue - 2011)
Abstract
Grapes are among the world most planted horticultural crops. Since the last century, attempts have been made to improve the quality of grapes in the world. Meanwhile, the necessity of having knowledge about the history of progenies families led to the link between genealogy and breeding. Considering some previous mislabeling, in order to find out the accuracy of the controlled crosses as well as determining the possible parents and genealogy of the hybrid progenies, 23 grapevine genotypes were studied by using 14 SSRs loci. These progenies included 12 promising lines selected from 22 crosses as well as their parents that included four seedless and seven seeded cultivars from Iranian Grape Breeding Program, The highest similarity between a female parent and its progenies, which was obtained from dice similarity coefficient and cluster analysis, was about 0.65, belonging to 'Alibaba' and its three progenies (S54, S55, S40). Results rejected any cross-selfing in female parents and also discriminated progenies from parents. Due to possible common genetic backgrounds in the parents, assigning progenies to their parents by cluster analysis or allele counting was impossible. Therefore, parentage analyses were done within likelihood based assignment approach using CERVUS 3.0 software. By this approach, true parents could be identified from candidate parents based on calculated positive and negative LOD scores. Also, by using this approach, genotyping errors, which were previously derived from low number of SSR loci or similarity in the parents' backgrounds, decreased in the final results. In addition, full sib and half sib relationships between S55 and S54 with S40 were obvious. Furthermore, wherever prevention of inbreeding depression is required, the results could be used to select convenient parents for backcrossing.
Volume 14, Issue 62 (4-2017)
Abstract
Volume 15, Issue 4 (7-2013)
Abstract
In this study, 120 accessions of Aegilops crassa collected from various geographical areas of Iran were analyzed with respect to genome size and protein markers. A flow cytometry survey of these accessions revealed that one hundred and thirteen of the accessions were tetraploid and seven were hexaploid. Moreover, these accessions revealed variations in high molecular weight glutenin subunit compositions. In most accessions, subunits showing electrophoretic mobility similar to that of Dy12 were present. Eleven allelic variants were observed in Glu-D1 locus with the highest (30.90%) and the lowest allele (0.5%) frequencies in 3+12 and 2+10 variants, respectively. Among 17 bands selected for MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS analysis only 6 bands were identified with high probability and 11 of them had no MS/MS data. The results showed that Iranian accessions of Ae. crassa formed an interesting source of favorable glutenin subunits that might be very desirable in breeding programs for improving bread wheat quality.
Volume 16, Issue 6 (11-2014)
Abstract
Salinity stress is a major limitation in wheat production. The lack of economically viable methods for screening salinity tolerance in field is an obstacle to breeders. In this study a population of 254 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), derived from a cross between Roshan × Sabalan was assessed in glasshouse during the seedling phase in order to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for salinity related traits. A genetic linkage map was constructed from 239 markers, namely, 225 Diversity Arrays Technology markers (DArTs) and 14 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) which spanned a total of 1,099.7cM. A total of 31 QTLs for salinity tolerance were identified on 13 chromosomes, contributing more than 50% of the total phenotypic variation. The frequency of Roshan and Sabalan alleles were high at loci on different homeologous groups. Most of the detected QTLs were located on chromosomes 3B, 5B among the 13 chromosomes. Two QTL related fresh weight and height of shoot were detected on 1A and 3A which explained 18% and 12.9% of the total phenotypic variation respectively. Roshan (salt tolerance) alleles were associated with an increase in all traits under both control and stress conditions. SSR markers gwm626 and gwm540 (on chromosomes 6B and 5B, respectively) were tightly linked with different QTLs under control and stress conditions, and explained 21.1% and 8.1% of the total phenotypic variance, respectively. Some of these QTL mapped to genomic regions previously associated with salt tolerance in wheat.
Volume 17, Issue 4 (7-2015)
Abstract
Plant tissue culture technique could provide sterile and controllable condition in order to assay direct effect of different compounds on plant growth accurately. In this study, the effects of aqueous extracts prepared from roots and shoots of goosefoot (Chenopodium album L.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), and wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) were evaluated on the seed germination and growth criteria in tissue culture media. The fennel root extract, nearly without phenolic content and with low antioxidant activity, showed the most drastic allelopathic effect on goosefoot, especially at 100 mg mL-1 concentration, which might be due to the presence of some substance potentially useful for biological control of goosefoot, an invasive weed. Goosefoot was resistant to extract of fennel shoot, wormwood root, and shoot, while fennel and radish (Raphanus sativus L.), at high concentration (100 mg mL-1), were not resistant to the root and shoot extracts of both goosefoot and redroot pigweed. In response to allelopathic components, shoot:root ratio was increased, and more peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity were detected in roots. There was no direct relationship between allelopathic effects with total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. In conclusion, our results showed that allelopathic effects of extracts on growth and biochemical criteria depended on both the concentration levels and the plant parts from which the aqueous extract was derived. Therefore, tissue culture media is an accurate and suitable tool to screen plants resistant to allelopathic components of weeds, and to identify high allelopathic plants as potential bioherbicide and invasive plant controller.
Volume 18, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
Three k-tree distance and fixed-sized plot designs were used for estimating tree density in sparse Oak forests. These forests cover the main part of the Zagros mountain area in western Iran. They are non-timber-oriented forest but important for protection purposes. The main objective was to investigate the statistical performance of k-tree distance and fixed-sized plot designs in the estimation of tree density. In addition, the cost (time required) of data collection using both k-tree distance and fixed-sized plot designs was estimated. Monte-Carlo sampling simulation was used in order to compare the different strategies. The bias of the k-tree distance designs estimators decreased with increasing the value of k. The Moore’s estimator produced the smallest bias, followed by Kleinn and Vilcko andthen Prodan. In terms of cost-efficiency, Moore’s estimator was the best and Prodan’s estimator was superior to Kleinn and Vilcko’s estimator. Cost-efficiency of k-tree distance design is related to three factors: sample size, the value of k, and spatial distribution of trees in a forest stand. Moore’s estimator had the best statistical performance in terms of bias, in all four-study sites. Thus, it can be concluded that Moore’s estimator can have a better performance in forests with different tree distribution.
Volume 18, Issue 111 (May 2021)
Abstract
In the present study, a convective heat transfer coefficient
changes during deep fat frying was investigated. So, by keeping the oil temperature constant as a heat transfer medium, temperature changes in a potato strip (cube-shaped), in the center and left-right sides of the strip during frying by a three-channel thermocouple was measured. Processing temperature of oil was 150, 160 and 170
°C. The strip temperature was recorded by a data logger at ten-second intervals. Due to no significant changes in the temperature of different selected locations in potato strip, the center temperature was selected and recorded as an effective temperature. Also, heat transfer parameter included convective coefficient (
) was calculated in the range of 128_515 W/m
2.K .Result showed that
is high in high levels temperature because of increasing rate of moisture exiting and turbulence in the oil. Also, with increasing oil temperature, decreasing of oil content and decreasing in moisture content of slices were observed. The mass transfer parameters including the effective moisture diffusivity (
) and the oil diffusivity (
) were calculated in the range of 9.12×10
-9 _1.31×10
-8 m
2/s and 1.26×10
-5_1.52×10
-5 m
2/s , respectively
. By using the calculated coefficients, heat and mass transfer modeling, was done by mathematical equations and the relevant equations were solved by the method of separation variables. Simulation was also done with
COMSOL Multiphysics version 5.3a and the resulted profiles were also presented.
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2019)
Abstract
Natural rivers are rarely in direct flow because of regulating the energy grade-line, and usually have a curved path to which it is referred to as "meandering channels". After the appearance of meandering rivers, with the passage of time and the lateral movement of the meanders, the external bending progression and the sinusoidal or curvature is increased. In the meandering channels, the curvature of the meandering sections with a dimensionless number can be defined as the sinusoidal which is the ratio of meander length of the main channel to the floodplain length. By increasing sinusoidal slope number, flow velocity and river discharge capacity decrease. As a result, the risk of flood has increased significantly and during floods the water level exceeds to the main river boundary and enters to the floodplains. In this case, due to the interaction between higher velocities in the main channel and the slower velocities in the floodplains and the exchange of the momentum between these two regions, the flow profile is constantly changing. In this research, the hydraulic characteristics of the flow including the depth-averaged velocity, the free surface water profile, longitudinal velocity distributions, ratios of transverse to longitudinal velocities in the central axis of the main channel and the mean velocity and flow rate of the main channel along the meandering compound channel have been investigated numerically, regarding the change in the sinusoidal ratio for Six types of channels with different sinusoidal ratios. In order to investigate the effect of the sinusoidal ratio in meandering compound channel on the hydraulic characteristics of the flow, the FLOW3D software is used, the software was also chosen so that the turbulence model with experimental data have better compliance. For this purpose, two RNG and k-ε turbulence models were used and the performance of these two models was investigated in simulating the important hydraulic characteristics of the flow, such as the flow velocity, and it was determined that the RNG turbulence model has a better accuracy than the k- ε turbulence model. In the following, this model was introduced as the final turbulence model for numerical simulation. Numerical simulation results show that by increasing the sinusoidal ratio of channel from 1 to 1.641, the mean velocity of the main channel section is decreased by 54% on average and the flow rate of the main channel decreases by the average of 38%. Also, by increasing the sinusoidal ratio, the maximum depth-averaged velocity decreases from 0.55 m/s to 0.38 m/s, and the maximum free surface height of the water rises from 0.305 m to 0.332 m in the outer bend of the CS1 cross section. Increasing the sinusoidal ratio causes the ratio of the transverse velocity to be increased longitudinally in the central axis of the main channel, so that its value in the most critical state reaches from zero to 0.4. As the sinusoidal ratio increases, the maximum length velocity moves towards the right side flood plain (internal bend) and decreases its value so that by increasing the sinusoidal ratio from 1 to 1.641, the maximum longitudinal velocity 0.55 m/s to 0.42 m/s and its position moves from the center of the main channel to the inner bend over the depth of the main channel overflow.
