Showing 52 results for Nadi
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
This study explores how Lacanian psychoanalysis governs and understands the mother-child relationships in Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie (1944/2014) and Darren Aronofsky’s Black Swan (2010). In so doing, the primary purpose of this study has been to establish the links between the central characters' behaviors and the psychoanalytic concept of 'deferral of desire’.' The research proposes a novel aspect of 'psychoanalytic meaning' by basing it on the counter-intuitive process of evading the jouissance of actualizing and immersing oneself in one's object of desire. To support the proposition mentioned above, this study has explored the eventual fate of the children in Black Swan (Nina), and The Glass Menagerie (Tom and Laura), analyzing their respective experiences of (dis)satisfaction after their ultimate success or failure in their attempts to attain their objects of desire. This study has employed the Lacanian psychoanalytic concepts of the objet petit a and register theory to posit that satisfaction lies not in obtaining one’s object of desire, but in repeatedly failing to do so, due to the fact that possessing the object of desire shatters the lack which is the necessary condition of maintaining the desirability of the object of desire. The article concludes that while we are intuitively equipped to think of satisfaction as the effect of the realization of the object of one's desire, psychoanalytically speaking, satisfaction is found in precisely the opposite direction, that is, in a repeated failure to obtain the object of one's desire.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (ARTICLES IN PRESS 2024)
Abstract
The incidence of allelochemical substances on the oviposition behaviour of Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), to select appropriate site for oviposition and food sources for his future offspring, on three Algerian date varieties (Ghars, Deglet-Nour, and Degla-Beidha) was investigated. The use of Headspace collection via Solid Phase Micro-Extraction followed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method allowed the detection of 68 compounds of which only 22 were identified in all date varieties studied. The behavioural test with wind tunnel explored the response of E. ceratoniae adult females to the various sources of odours, coming from different combinations of synthetic substances identified in the three date varieties. The pure substances (mono-compounds) presented the highest rates of laid eggs compared to those in the mixture. Ketones stimuli were the most attractive with about 41% of the total eggs laid rate, followed by the alcohols (15%) and terpene (7.44%). The esters and phenols showed 6.38% and 5.58% eggs laid, respectively. These results could open up other research paths to manage this pest and their impact on it host plants.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted for Publication 2024)
Abstract
Aim and Introduction
Financial markets have become one of the most attractive environments for investment in the modern era. Through the efficient allocation of capital, these markets exert a significant influence across various domains, including trade, education, employment, technology, and the broader economy. Financial markets are categorized into specific industries and sectors based on the characteristics of the goods and services produced. These unique features and industry-specific conditions influence productivity, which in turn affects returns.
Industry-level returns reflect a combination of financial and non-financial factors that shape stock market dynamics. Industry data offer critical insights into the sources of a country’s economic growth, particularly from an industrial standpoint. Furthermore, industries often act as a leading force in the stock market, as their performance is closely tied to macroeconomic fundamentals.
There are two primary approaches to investing in stocks and generating returns commensurate with risk: the fundamental approach and the technical approach. The fundamental approach is based on three key levels of analysis. The first is macroeconomic analysis, which considers variables such as gross domestic product, monetary policy, and the broader economic environment, along with their effects on the returns of various industries and sectors. The second is industry analysis, which evaluates the performance of companies within a specific industry based on the unique conditions and characteristics of that industry. The third is company analysis, which focuses on assessing a firm’s current operations and financial status to determine its intrinsic value and future potential. Therefore, industry-level analysis serves as a crucial component within the broader framework of fundamental investment analysis.
At the industry level, macroeconomic variables—especially government monetary policy—play a pivotal role. Monetary policy influences capital markets through four primary transmission channels: the exchange rate, interest rate, credit, and asset prices.
Methodology
To examine the research hypotheses regarding the impact of monetary policy on the returns of small and large industries from April 2010 to March 2024, this study employs the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator on monthly data. A key advantage of this method is its capacity to handle both stationary and non-stationary variables, thereby overcoming issues related to cointegration and the limited power of unit root tests in long-term estimations.
The model used is a Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework, which enables the simultaneous estimation of short-term and long-term coefficients. In this framework, a long-run relationship is assumed between Yt and Xt , with fixed effects μi .
The error correction model is as follows:
∆yit=μi+∅iyi,t+βi'Xit+j=1p-1ωij*∆yi,t-j+j=0q-1δij*'∆Xi,t-j+…+εit (1)
The final equation is as follows:
∆yit=μi+∅iyi,t-1-θi'Xit+j=1p-1ωij*∆yi,t-j+j=0q-1δij*'∆Xi,t-j+…+εit (2)
In this study, the dependent variable is the industry return (IR) for small and large industries, and the key independent variable is Monetary Policy (MP)—measured via the Monetary Conditions Index based on principal component analysis. Additional control variables include Liquidity Volume (LV), Oil Price (OP), and the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
Findings
The results for long-term relationships reveal a positive and significant relationship between monetary policy and the return of small industries on the Tehran Stock Exchange, with an estimated coefficient of approximately 4.1%. However, no significant long-term relationship was found between monetary policy and the return of large industries.
In the short term, the error correction terms are estimated at -0.78 and -0.70 for small and large industries, respectively. This indicates that roughly 78% and 70% of the disequilibrium between the independent and dependent variables is corrected each period, guiding the system toward long-run equilibrium. In the first model (small industries), monetary policy has no immediate impact on returns. Conversely, in the second model (large industries), monetary policy exerts a significant short-term effect at the 5% level.
Conclusion
Government policies exert a profound influence on financial markets, with monetary policy playing a distinct and varying role across industries. Despite its importance, this differentiation has received limited attention in Iran. This study contributes to the literature by analyzing the differential effects of monetary policy on small and large industries, using the PMG model to estimate both short-term and long-term impacts on a monthly basis from April 2010 to March 2024.
The findings reveal that, in the long run, monetary policy exerts a positive and significant impact on the returns of small industries, whereas this effect is absent in large industries. In the short run, with the significance of the error correction term confirming the adjustment toward long-term equilibrium, the dynamics between the independent and dependent variables become balanced over time. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that monetary policy has no significant effect on small industries in the short term but demonstrates a positive and significant impact in the long term. In contrast, for large industries, monetary policy has no discernible effect in the long run but exerts a positive and significant influence in the short term.
These results confirm both the main and sub-hypotheses of the study, which posit that the effects of monetary policy vary between small and large industries and differ across time horizons. Consequently, investors are advised to consider firm size, as reflected in market value, when constructing their portfolios. Specifically, they should align their investment strategies with their time horizons—favoring small industries for long-term investments and large industries for short-term opportunities.
Volume 1, Issue 1 (9-2015)
Abstract
The eucoiline genus Hexacola Foerster, 1869 is present in the Afrotropical, Neotropical, Holarctic and Ethiopian regions, as well as Oceania. In this paper, three species are reported for the first time in Argentina: Hexacola hexatoma (Hartig 1841), Hexacola bifarium Quinlan, 1986 and Hexacola bonaerensis Reche, nom. nov. proposed to replace Hexacola fuscipes (Kieffer 1908) by homonymy with Hexacola fuscipes (Kieffer 1907). Their redescriptions are provided. Species from Argentina are parasitoids of Ephydridae and Chloropidae (Diptera). New distribution data, new host records and a key for Argentinian species are provided. Photographs of diagnostic characters and georeference of locality of collections are included. The material examined is deposited in the collection of the División Entomología, Museo de La Plata (Argentina).
Volume 1, Issue 1 (9-2015)
Abstract
The list of forty one subgenera of the genus Andrena from Iran is given. The list provided here is based on a detailed study of all available published data. Four subgenera and five species are recorded for the first time from Iran, including Andrena (Cnemidandrena) fuscipes (Kirby, 1802), Andrena (Lepidandrena) curvungula (Thomson, 1870), Andrena (Lepidandrena) pandellei (Pérez, 1895), Andrena (Parandrena) sericata (Imhoff, 1868) and Andrena (Platygalandrena) tecta (Radoszkowski, 1876). Ecological notes on the newly recorded species are briefly discussed.
Volume 1, Issue 3 (10-2014)
Abstract
Background: Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone function to regulate the production of red blood cells. Deficiency of EPO is known to cause anemia in chronically infected renal patients and they require regular blood transfusion. Availability of recombinant EPO has eliminated the need for blood transfusion and now it is extensively used for the treatment of anemia. Glycosylation of erythropoietin is essential for its secretion, stability, protein conformation and biological activity. However, maintenance of human like glycosylation pattern during manufacturing of EPO is a major challenge in biotechnology. Currently, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line is used for the commercial production of erythropoietin but this cell line does not maintain glycosylation resembling human system. With the trend to eliminate non-human constituent from biopharmaceutical products, as a preliminary approach, we have investigated the potential of human emberyo kidney cell line (HEK293) to produce recombinant EPO. Methods: Initially, the secretory signal and Kozak sequences was added before the EPO mature protein sequence using overlap extension PCR technique. PCR-amplified cDNA fragments of EPO was inserted into mammalian expression vector under the control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter and transiently expressed in CHO and HEK293 cell lines. After RT-PCR analysis, ELISA and Western blotting was performed to verify the immunochemical properties of secreted EPO. Results: Addition of secretory signal and Kozak sequence facilitated the extra-cellular secretion and enhanced the expression of EPO protein. Significant expression (P < 0.05) of EPO was observed in the medium from HEK293 cell line. Conclusions: HEK293 cell line has a great potential to produce glycosylated EPO, suggesting the use of this cell line to produce glycoproteins of the therapeutic importance resembling to the natural human system.
Volume 2, Issue 1 (3-2016)
Abstract
A field survey of the bee fauna was conducted in the north of Iran during 2009 to 2015. Special concern was given to the tribe Ceratinini (Hymenoptera; Apidae). Ten species of the genus Ceratina were collected and identified in the present study. Three species are recorded for the first time from Iran, including Ceratina (Euceratina) chrysomalla Gerstaecker 1869, Ceratina (Euceratina) cyanea (Kirby, 1802) and Ceratina (Euceratina) gravidula Gerstaecker, 1869. An updated checklist of Iranian Ceratinini with short description and figures of newly recorded species are provided. The host plants and distribution of each species are also given.
Volume 2, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
Collecting data of the family Halictidae are reported in Gorgan county, Golestan province, northern Iran. We collected 30 species belonging to 5 genera in 3 subfamilies. Among them, Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) croceipes (Morawitz, 1876) and Halictus (Seladonia) confusus Smith, 1853 are recorded from Iran for the first time and 18 species are new for Gorgan county. Among 112 collected specimen, the subfamily Halictinae (27 species), genus Lasioglossum (14 species) and subgenus Lasioglossum (5 species), representing the major groups of halictid bee and Halictus (Halictus) brunnescens (Eversmann, 1852) was the most abundant species in the study areas. Knapweed flowers (Centaura spp.) had higher halictid bee taxa richness. An updated checklist of halictid bees of Gorgan county is provided.
Volume 2, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
A survey on the megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) fauna of northern Iran, between 2010 and 2011, led to the identification of eleven species of the genus Coelioxys Latreille belonging to subgenera Allocoelioxys (6 species), Boreocoelioxys (2 species), Coelioxys (2 species) and Liothyrapis (1 species). Of these, six species and one subgenus (Liothyrapis) are new to the fauna of Iran. Detailed illustrations of morphological characters, a key to the species of the genus Coelioxys and an updated checklist of Iranian species of Coelioxys are provided.
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2017)
Abstract
Five species of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) were found during investigations in the Kerman province in the years 2010-2016. Two of these, Xerephedromyia bipartita Mamaev, 1972 and Xerephedromyia mitroshinae Fedotova, 1992, causing galls on Ephedra major (Ephedraceae), were recorded for the first time from Iran. Both species are very rare and have not been found since the time of their original description. Rhopalomyia efremovi (Fedotova, 1999), Rhopalomyia hispanica Tavares, 1904 and Rhopalomyia navasi Tavares, 1904, causing galls on various species of Artemisia (Asteraceae), already known to occur in north-eastern and central Iran, were recorded for the first time in the Kerman provin
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2015)
Abstract
Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius) leaf extract was applied against two strains of the crown gall disease agent (Agrobacterium tumefaciens); strains C58 and AR125. In vitro, we used the agar well diffusion method and the extract was tested in different solvents selected according to their polarity indices, at different concentrations and different incubation temperatures. In vivo, we tested the extract prepared in different solvents on the stems of young tomato plants (cv. Firenze) which were inoculated with the strain C58.The best results were obtained with the extract prepared in hot sterile distilled water and in methanol (0.3 g.ml-1) incubated at 25 °C and 30 °C. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated to be 10-4 g.ml-1. In another aspect, to identify the nature of certain substances from S. terebinthifolius leaf extracts, we made a test of fractionation using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method and phytochemical screening of the crude methanol leaf extract. We noticed the presence of alkaloids and flavonoid compounds which may be responsible for the antibacterial activity. These tests indicated that false pepper leaf extract has an antibiotic effect against Agrobacterium tumefaciens both in vitro and in vivo, which represents a conceptual approach with great promise for future biological control.
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Spring 2020)
Abstract
Abstract
Research subject: Nanocomposites are a new class of materials that have at least one of their major constituents, at least in one dimension, in the range of one to one hundred nanometers. Typically, nanocomposites have different and superior properties in terms of mechanical and physical properties than conventional composites.
Research approach: In this study, polyvinyl acetate was prepared by emulsion polymerization for polymer matrix. Then the diamond nanoparticles were modified with silane agent. Finally, polyvinyl acetate / diamond nanocomposite was prepared and analyzed with 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 wt% of modified diamond nanoparticles. To determine the properties and structure of the nanocomposite, FTIR, TGA, RMS, FESEM, oxygen permeation analysis was used in the films produced and contact angle measurements.
Main results: FTIR Analysis revealed that the modification of the diamond nanoparticles with the silane agent was well performed. FESEM images show that homogeneous nanocomposites were created. Oxygen permeability in polyvinyl acetate / diamond nanocomposite film decreases with increasing percentage of modified nanoparticles in nanocomposite. This is a valuable property if this nanocomposite is used as a fruit preservative coating. Contact angle measurement of polyvinyl acetate / diamond nanocomposite showed that by increasing the amount of modified diamond nanoparticles from 0.5 to 2 wt %, the hydrophobicity of nanocomposite film increased. Therefore, by increasing the specific amount of nanoparticles to the polymer matrix, the polymer properties such as heat resistance and tensile strength are increased which increases the efficiency of the polymer.
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2018)
Abstract
We present the results of a survey on the sawfly fauna of Anguran Protected Area, Dandi, Mahneshan County, Zanjan Province, Iran. Surveys in 2018 with nets recorded 4 sawfly species in three genera: Macrophya diversipes (Schrank, 1782); Macrophya nr. ribis (Schrank, 1781); Tenthredo cinctipleuris (Enslin, 1910) and Dolerus murcius Konow, 1895. The last mentioned species is a new record for the Iranian fauna.
Volume 5, Issue 1 (9-2013)
Abstract
Nowadays, ambivalenceinclude differentelemdnts of human’s life and its spreading has been a social issue. For discovering the origin of for ementionedissue , it is necessary to investigate its historical background. As ghajar are has been exposed to many challenges of traditional and modern values , it can be producer of all types of ambivalences;therefore this issue has been investigated from the point of view of English travel writers who have had association with people and specilly with ghajarcouqp at that time. the population (statistical society) of this research includes all of the itineries written by Englishmen who have traveled to Iran in Ghajar career. That from among them 34 itineraries have been selected as sample (through purposeful sampling) investigating of all types of sociological ambivalence and psychological ambivalence has been done through Robert merton, typological approach in sociological ambivalence theory , also these typs have been investigated and classified by using historical investigation techniques and content analysis . The results show that: from among 6 kinds of sociological and psychological ambivalence, all kinds except 3 type have been refered to in mentioned intineration in ghajar; are highest amount of sociological ambivalence is dedicated to type 5 (alteraction between cultural structure and social structure ) that has been manifested in “aberrant behavior” (psychological ambivalence) in the next level, the 6 type of sociological ambivalence (different collections of cultural values) has been mostly dedicated to imitation of court from western lifestyle . The mentioned ambivalences have been mostly observed among “Iranian base and in “cultural –political field “ and in “naseredin shah” and then “fathali shah” ghajarera. Regarding content analysis of itineraries ,the final analysis of shows the effect of specific feature of social – cultural structure of ghajar are on the spreading of ambivalence.
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2019)
Abstract
A survey on sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) fauna of Gorgan County, northern Iran, during 2015-2017, led to the identification of sixteen species. Six species including Arge cingulata (Jakowlew, 1891); Calameuta pallipes (Klug, 1803); Phylloecus xanthostoma (Eversmann, 1847); Allantus cingulatus (Scopoli, 1763); Ametastegia pallipes (Spinola, 1808) and Nematus lucidus (Panzer, 1801) are recorded for Golestan fauna for the first time and C. pallipes is a new record for the Iranian fauna.
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2019)
Abstract
During a comprehensive survey of the heterostigmatic mites associated with dung beetles in the hyrcanian forests, northern Iran, several colonies of the pygmephoroid mites including four species of the genus Spatulaphorus Rack, 1993, S. copridis Khaustov, 2007, S. gorganica Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar, 2011, S. vladimiri Khaustov, 2005 and S. geotruporum Khaustov, 2005 phoretic on Geotrupes spiniger (Marsham, 1802) were found. This is the first record of S. geotruporum from Asia. Furthermore, this is the first record of phoresy of S. geotruporum on G. spiniger.
Volume 5, Issue 4 (5-2016)
Abstract
emergence of new technologies especially information and communication technologies leads to forming a new approach in the government that is called electronic government. E-government has changed the way and quality of providing services to citizens. E-government has three generations which its third generation is called smart government that indeed is the main purpose of the e-government. Although most of countries are transitioning from first generation of e-government (i.e. informationalization) to second generation (i.e. electronic transformation) but few countries are transitioning to third generation (i.e. smart government). The purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive framework in order to deploy a smart government and analyze the related policies, laws, rules and regulations of the country in terms of coverage of the proposed framework's dimensions. For this purpose, document analysis method with systematic review of the literature and comparing different researches results were used. Base on those studies a new framework composed of two layers and eight dimensions is provided for smart government deployment which citizens are in the center of the framework. Then using qualitative content analysis method with inductive approach, related policies, laws, rules and regulations of Iran were analyzed and dimensions which require more attention were identified. Finally, policy recommendations are provided for policy makers in order to develop smart government on Iran.
Volume 6, Issue 1 (3-2017)
Abstract
The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), is one of the most destructive pests attacking stored grain products all over the world. Serious problems assossiated with using synthetic chemical insecticides have strongly demonstrated the need for applying alternative safe compounds such as plant essential oils. The present experiment was conducted to evaluate fumigant toxicity of essential oils from the fresh fruit peel of two Citrus species namely, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck and Citrus paradisi (Macfarlane) against 1 to 7-days-old adults of T. castaneum under laboratoryconditions. Moreover, oviposition deterrence activity of sublethal concentrations of the oils were assessed on the female beetles. All experiments were carried out at 27 ± 1 °C and65 ± 5% r. h. in darkness. Findings indicated the high fumigant toxicity of both essential oils. According to probit analysis, there was no significant differences between C. sinensis (LC50 = 7.27 µl.l-1 air) and C. paradisi (LC50 = 7.70 µl.l-1 air) essentialoils. Also, oviposition deterrence activity of the essential oils was significantly increased as concentrations of the oils were increased from 500 to 2500 ppm. In general, the results of our study demonstrated the high efficacy of C. sinensis and C. paradisi oils against T. castaneum.
Volume 6, Issue 3 (9-2020)
Abstract
Following a short-term faunistic study on soil inhabiting heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Heterostigmata), during spring-winter 2019, in Gorgan, Golestan Province, northern Iran, a total of six species from five genera of two families were identified. Among them Promicrodispus pumilis (Sevastianov, 1975) and Premicrodispus montanus Khaustov, 2006 are new records for mite fauna of Iran. The genus Promicrodispus Khaustov, 2017 is recorded for the first time for the mite fauna of Iran. Moreover, Pre. akermanae (Sevastianov & Al Douri, 1988), Paramicrodispus scarabidophilus Hajiqanbar & Rahiminejad, 2012, Pygmodispus (Allodispus) latisternus Paoli, 1911 and Scutacarus sphaeroideus Karafiati, 1959 were collected from soil in the sampling sites. The world distribution of the mites is reviewed.
Volume 6, Issue 20 (6-2018)
Abstract
“Pey e ŝirân gereftan va rân e gurân xordan” is one of the ancient Iranian proverbs whose some of the forms have been quoted in primary resources of Arabic proverbs. By the way, its concept is also applicable to the Quranic verse. It is not so practical today, but in the past, it has been used in many texts, in agreement with the subject and in various fields. We have identified it in Persian literature of the 4th century by investigating different types of sources. Furthermore, we have found the proverb containing the same elements as “ŝir” (lion) and “rân e gur” (the thigh of Zebra), whose meaning is different from the meaning of this proverb. Subsequently, we have introduced another proverb centered on "crow" whose meaning is the opposite of the present proverbs.