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Purpose: This study was conducted in order to identify and structure the financial crisis of the social security organization using the SSM method. The results of this research can be used to determine changes in this organization.

Methodology: To identify and structure the problem, CATWOE and soft systems methodology have been combined. Therefore, the current research is applied research with inductive-deductive logic, which is an example of a qualitative mixed method. The data of the research are the opinions of experts, whose number is 28, and they were selected in a purposeful way. Research has been done in two main stages, which are extracting the structure of the problem and identifying solutions.

Findings: In this research, the structure of the financial crisis of the social security organization (rich image) and the factors related to it were determined. In addition, it was found that in order to solve the crisis, reforms should be made in governance and organization measures in three areas: policy, economy and supervision.

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Aims: The centrality of spaces in architectural design, despite being considered as one of the pillars of aesthetics in traditional houses, has been neglected due to the current market-oriented view of the construction industry. The aim of this research is to develop a computational method to quantitatively explain the centrality in a traditional house for use in new buildings.

Methods: The spaces of traditional houses of the Qajar period were extracted and coded based on their spatial form and function. A computational model was presented to explain the deviation from the normalized center. The justified plan graph, spatial levels, and centrality of the spaces of the case study was drawn.

Findings: In the spaces of the traditional Imam Jome’s house, the courtyard, the veranda, the Shahneshin, the hall, the courtyard of the pond, and the inner courtyard represent centripetal spaces and have zero deviation from the center, and the outer courtyard with 14 connections is known as the most central space. On the other hand, the vestibule, the suffah, the ordinary rooms, the staircase, and the verandas were less central and were known as centrifugal spaces.

Conclusion: Examining centrality from both spatial and formal syntactic aspects, as well as validating with the help of mathematical calculations, can restore the pattern that existed in the architect's view at that time and use it in new buildings to highlight the aesthetic and functional elements of the building.

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Salinity is one of the most important factors limiting plants growth and production in irrigated agriculture. The natural potential of salt tolerant plants like Kochia could be exploited through legume-containing intercropping systems as an effective strategy in mitigating the increasing salinity crisis.This experiment used split plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, in 2016 and 2017, at the Iranian National Salinity Research Center, Yazd, Iran. Water salinity was considered as the main factor (EC= 4, 9, and 14 dS m^-1) and the cropping system was considered as subfactor with seven levels including sole cropping of Kochia (Kochia scoparia), Sesbania (Sesbania aculeate), and Guar (Cyamopsiste tragonoliba) and their possible dual and triple intercropping systems. The highest absorbed light was observed in triple intercropping and the total forage yield in triple intercropping was increased by 5% and 4.1% at 4 and 9 dS m^-1 salinity, respectively, compared to that in Kochia sole cropping, while it decreased by 1.5% at 14 dS m^-1.The Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) values ranged from 0.99 to 1.33. The total crude protein yield in triple intercropping was increased by 55.8 to 66.3% as compared to Kochia sole cropping. The NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber) and ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber) were decreased by 7 to 22% in various intercropping systems. Considering increased forage quantity and quality, mainly through decreasing NDF and increasing Dry Matter Intake (DMI) levels, cultivation of Kochia within triple intercropping systems can be recommended instead of Kochia sole cropping.