Showing 12 results for Miani
Volume 3, Issue 10 (Summer 2022)
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of personality traits and organizational climate on organizational citizenship behavior in the employees of the General Department of Sports and Youth of Mazandaran province. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey regarding data collection of correlation type. The statistical population of the research consisted of all the administrative staff of the General Department of Sports and Youth of Mazandaran province, numbering 164 people, which was considered as a sample using the census method of the whole community(N=n=164) and was conducted in the field. Standard questionnaires of organizational citizenship behaviors, personality traits, and organizational climate were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Data analysis showed a positive and significant relationship between personality traits and organizational citizenship behaviors, and among the dimensions of personality traits, extroversion, receptiveness, conscientiousness, and acceptance of experience had a positive and significant relationship with organizational citizenship behaviors. The findings also showed a positive and significant relationship between organizational climate, its five components, and organizational citizenship behavior. According to the results of the research, it can be suggested to the officials of the organization that by creating a positive organizational atmosphere and clarity of purpose and more interaction of employees and administrative units with each other in organizations and also considering personality dimensions as one of the selection factors of employees in organizational positions along with other factors Selectively focus on creating, maintaining and increasing organizational citizenship behaviors.
Volume 3, Issue 11 (Autumn 2022)
Abstract
Nostalgia is one of the important issues in behavioral sciences, which has received the attention of some disciplines, including psychology, in recent years. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of nostalgic sports advertisements on the nostalgic ability of the fans of the national football team and their desire to attend the stadium. In terms of purpose, the research method is applied research, in terms of field execution method, and terms of analysis,descriptive-correlation. The statistical population included male fans of the Iranian national football team. The statistical population of this research is 100,000 people, and the sample size is 384 people based on Morgan's table. They were selected using a simple random sampling method. To collect data, nostalgic advertising questionnaire (Merchant 2013), nostalgic capability questionnaires, evoked nostalgia (Pascal 2002), nostalgic personality (Meyer, 2010), nostalgic affectivity (Routledge, 2009) and willingness to attend the stadium questionnaire (Safarzadeh, 2013) were used to collect data SPSS and Smart PLS software were used to analyze the research data. The research findings showed that the effect of nostalgic advertisements with coefficients of 0.86 and 0.30 on nostalgic ability and desire to attend the stadium was directly significant. Nostalgic ability also significantly affected fans' desire to participate in the stadium, with a coefficient of 0.52. The indirect effect of nostalgic advertisements on the desire to attend the stadium (mediated by nostalgic ability) was 0.66. For this reason, it is suggested that in the marketing based on nostalgic elements for the national football team, the typology of the fans should be done based on the types of nostalgic capabilities.
Volume 7, Issue 3 (Summer 2018)
Abstract
Aims: As a polycation polysaccharide, chitosan is produced by deacetylation of chitin. Chitosan is a non-toxic, decomposable, and biocompatible substance that has antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chitosan coating and Piper nigrum essential oil on shelf life of grass carp in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at the refrigerator temperature (4°C).
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, Piper nigrum and grass carp were used. After immersion of the samples into Piper nigrum and chitosan essential oil, samples were packed with MAP. The treatments consisted of control treatment (no coating and essential oil), first treatment (0.1% essential oil), second treatment (0.5% essential oil), and third treatment (1% essential oil of Piper nigrum with chitosan coating). The chemical parameters, including peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), free fatty acid (FFA) and pH and total viable count (TVC) of mesophilic bacteria were evaluated at the intervals of days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15. Two-way ANOVA and least significant difference (LSD) tests were used.
Findings: Changes of pH and FFA progressively increased during the time of storage for all treatments. In all treatment, the level of PV did not exceed higher than the level of limit (mEq/kg). The lowest changes of TBA and TVB-N were related to 1% treatment of P. nigrum essential oil that were significant different with other treatments (p<0.05). TVC of the samples was significantly between treatments during storage (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The use of chitosan coating and 1% of Piper nigrum essential oil increases shelf life of grass carp fillet at refrigerator temperature to 9 days.
Volume 7, Issue 4 (Fall 2018)
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of ground sesame seeds in three levels of 0, 0.15 and 0.25% on features of biological, chemical and sensory evaluation silver carp surimi gel in vacuum packing for 4 months in freezing temperatures (-18°C) was investigated. The results showed that the highest levels of volatile nitrogen month 4 in the control (21.99±0.32mg per 100g), respectively. The thiobarbituric acid did not like the higher limit the amount of free fatty acids is increased. The highest bacteria in month 4 in the control (6.86±0.05Log cfu/g) treatment, respectively. The highest and lowest amount of lactic acid bacteria, respectively, on May 4 in group 1 (4.86±0.10Log cfu/g) and May 1 in all treatments (2.00±0.00Log cfu/g), respectively. Sensory evaluation factors during 4 months in freezing temperatures are not significantly different the colorimetric parameters (L*, a*, and b*) and tissue treatments poll 0.25% sesame seed powder was the best treatment. According to the results of chemical analysis, sensory and microbiological shelf life achieved the best treatment was 0.25% in the fourth month, ground sesame seeds.
Volume 10, Issue 2 (Spatial Issue on Persian Gulf 2021)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effect of cucumber hydrolyzed protein (Holothuria leucospilota) and its effect on microbial and chemical properties of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) at refrigerator temperature. Enzymatic digestion of cucumber muscle was performed using alkalase enzyme (1.5% of weight of raw material, 55 °C and 4hr). Surimi was prepared from silver carp fillet and added to it at two concentrations of 0.5 and 0.1 mg/ kg of hydrolyzed protein. Antioxidant activity, peroxide value (PV), total volatile nitrogen bases (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), pH, volatile fatty acids (FFA), aerobic mesophilic bacterial count and psychrotroph bacteria on 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days were performed. The rate of free radical scavenging by cucumber hydrolyzed protein at 0.5 and 0.1 mg/ kg was 92.24% and 62.11%, respectively, which showed a higher value than the commercial antioxidant BHT (p< 0.05). The amount of peroxide in the treatment was 0.1 mg/ kg until the ninth day and in the treatment of 0.5 mg/ kg until the twelfth day was within the allowable range. The results of TVB-N, TBA, FFA, aerobic mesophilic bacterial and psychrophilic bacteria in both treatments and on the days of the study did not exceed the allowable limit. This study showed that cucumber hydrolyzed protein is able to control bacterial load and oxidation process in silver carp surimi. Treatments containing cucumber hydrolyzed protein could increase the shelf life of surimi for 9 days compared to the control treatment.
Volume 16, Issue 7 (9-2016)
Abstract
In this paper, simultaneous impact of two parallel drops on a thin liquid film is investigated using the lattice Boltzmann method. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of surface tension (characterized by Weber number), distance between two drops, and gas kinematic viscosity on the impact. The developed numerical model in this paper which is based on the Shan and Chen pseudo-potential two-phase model makes it possible to access large density ratios, low viscosities, and tunable values of surface tension independent of the density ratio. The model is validated by comparing the coexistence densities with those of Maxwell analytical solution, evaluating the Laplace law for a droplet, and simulating single droplet impact on a thin liquid film. Simulation results of two drops simultaneous impact show that after impact, two jets raised between the drops join each other and form a central jet. Height of this jet increases with time leading to separation of secondary droplets from its tip. When the surface tension value is decreased, the central jet height is increased, but size of the separated droplets is reduced. The crown shape observed in single drop impact is also seen in simultaneous impact of two drops. Increasing distance between two drops leads to a smaller central jet height and an increase in the crown radius. The crown height, however, was found to be independent of the distance. Finally, increasing gas kinematic viscosity reduces the central jet rising speed and delays separation of secondary droplets from the jet.
Volume 17, Issue 6 (8-2017)
Abstract
This paper investigates the Tri-Tilt Rotor VTOL UAV. The aim of this study is to represent a comprehensive dynamic model, eleven degree of freedom at six flight phases (hover, descend, climb, forward, transient and cruise) and control the vehicle to reach best flight condition. For this purpose, the vehicle equations of motion are derived in tensor form and have been expanded in the coordinate systems, based on multi-body (vehicle and three electric motors) modeling approach in order to consideration of motors gyroscope effects on flight dynamic. Depending on vehicle flight phase, propulsion and aerodynamic forces and moments are determined separately. Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT) is used to obtain motors propulsion forces and moments at hover, descend, climb and forward phases. After that, with utilizing of controller for each channel flight, the trim condition is calculated and then for the sake of linearization using analytical method, dynamic and control matrixes are derived. This calculated model is qualified as linear model in order to design the model predictive and adaptive controller. For climb phase, as the nonlinear model receding from linear model, the linear model predictive controller performance was diminishing whereas the function of model reference adaptive control in spite of the uncertainties was better.
Volume 17, Issue 9 (11-2017)
Abstract
In this paper, a new method is proposed to reach high density ratios and low viscosities based on the Shan-Chen multiphase model in the lattice Boltzmann Method. In this new method the interaction force and as a result the pressure tensor is modified purposefully so that the density of the phases can be adjusted to coincide the corresponding values from the Maxwell equal area rule in thermodynamics. This leads to higher stability and therefore the mentioned purposes are achieved. This new method takes advantage of simplicity and the same implementing procedure in 2D and 3D problems with single or multi relaxation time collision operators. In order to validate the new method, first the coexistence densities of the phases at different subcritical temperatures are compared with those of the Maxwell rule, then the validity of the Laplace law for a droplet is evaluated, after that the spurious velocities around the droplet are evaluated, and finally the broken dam problem is simulated and its results are compared with an experimental data. Results show that the developed model is properly stable and is capable of simulating different multiphase flows at a wide range of density ratios and viscosities.
Volume 17, Issue 103 (September 2020)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of temperature, pH, salt, citrus aurantium L. and modified atmosphere packaging (50% carbon dioxide, 45% nitrogen and 5% oxygen) on control of Staphylococcus aurous in fish tofu of type. Descriptive-analytic study was carried out in the year of 2017-2018. In this research, pH was 5.5, 6 and 7.5, and temperature was 4, 25 and 37 ° C, salt at 0, 1.5 and 3%, and orange essential oil at 0.025 and 0.05% was considered. According to the results, it is found that the lower the pH of the tofu samples is lower, Staphylococcus aureus is more restricted. For example, at pH 5.5 with 0.025 and 0.05% of orange essential oil in tofu samples, bacteria did not grow, but at pH 6 and 7.5 there was no growth of bacteria and growth was more than usual. There was an enormous increase in Staphylococcus aurous at pH 7.5 with 1.5% salts and orange essential oil 0.025% at temperatures of 4, 25 and 37 ° C. Increasing temperature to 25 ° C and 37 ° C, as well as at pH 5.5, 6 and 7.5, the growth of Staphylococcus aurous in tofu fish has been increased. In this study, the essential oil of orange herb was stored at 0.05 % at 4 ° C, 3% salt and pH 5.5, to control the growth rate of Staphylococcus aurous in tofu fish for 8 days.
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2022)
Abstract
Petroleum products and their derivatives cause severe soil pollution through transportation, leaks in pipelines or improper storage. These contaminants may affect the physical or chemical parameters of the soil. Nowadays, due to the increase in construction projects and consequently the need for suitable lands, the construction of structures on lands with contaminated soils is necessary. To determine the optimal methods for rehabilitation of contaminated soils, it is necessary to recognize the contaminated soil behavior and characteristics. There are several methods for stabilization of contaminated soils depending on the type of soils and their pollution. In selecting the appropriate method and materials, various aspects such as environmental issues, availability and cost-effectiveness of the method should be considered. In this study, the effect of oil pollutants on the geomechanical parameters of the sandy soil has been investigated and on the other hand, the performance of different environmentally friendly materials as adsorbents of pollutants and also their effect on the contaminated soil behavior was studied. The studied soil is poorly graded sand that has been sampled from Qazvin district. The petroleum pollutants studied in this study are kerosene and gasoil. Three different materials incuding zeolite, perlite, and produced magnesite were used as sorbent in this study. In this study, the carbon dioxide emissions from industry were utilized to produce magnesium carbonate minerals. In the first step, the percentage of pollutant absorption for studied materials including the sand and sorbents was investigated. The results showed that the magnesite had the highest capability to absorb petroleum contaminants. The percentage of pollutant absorption in magnesite was about 91% for gasoil and 85% for kerosene, while in studied sand it was 26% and 21% for gasoil and kerosene, respectively. The other sorbents including perlite and zeolite also showed high percentages of pollutant absorption. In order to investigate the effect of petroleum pollutants in the shear strength of sand, the direct shear tests was conducted on pure and polluted sample. The soil specimens with dimension of 10x10x3 cm and dry density of 18.35 kN/m3 were prepared by dry air pluviation method. After installing the sample in the device and before performing the test, the sample was saturated with contaminant. The specimens were sheared under different vertical stresses of 50, 100 and 200 kPa. The results showed a decrease in shear strength and more than 10 degrees decrease in internal friction angle of contaminated samples with respect to pure sand. The direct shear tests were conducted on the contaminated samples, treated by different sorbents. The results demonstrated an increase in shear strength for samples treated with perlite, but a loss in shear strength for samples treated with zeolite. The difference in shear strength between the magnesite-treated samples and the untreated samples was not significant. The study confirmed that perlite, zeolite, and magnesite have a capability to absorb petroleum contaminants in soils. Carbon dioxide is one of the most influential factors in global warming in the coming decades, so the magnesite produced by capturing CO2 and its application as a pollutant absorbent can be an encouraging finding of this study.
Volume 22, Issue 3 (4-2020)
Abstract
The antioxidant capacity and polyphenol contents in leaves of Vitis tiliifolia are unknown. Leaves from four accessions of Vitis tiliifolia grown ex situ in the collection of the Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Veracruz - Mexico, were collected in Autumn (2015) and Spring (2016), dehydrated and used to make water infusions at 80oC for 5 minutes. The four accessions were propagated from wild grapevines which grow in Huatusco, Atlahuilco, Cosautlan and Ixtaczoquitlan. The aqueous infusions were analyzed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity by application of 2,2-DiPhenyl-1-PicrilHydrazyl (DPPH), and the total phenolic compounds (total reducing power) were determined spectrophotometrically by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The polyphenols identification and quantification were determined using an ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatograph. Fourteen compounds, including trans-resveratrol, quercetin and rutin were identified. The infusions obtained from leaves of Huatusco and Ixtaczoquitlan accessions had the highest contents of total phenols. The infusions from leaves of Cosautlan and Ixtaczoquitlan accessions showed the highest antioxidant activities. The results indicate that the Vitis tiliifolia leaves in infusions are a rich source of bioactive compounds. This is the first time that the phenolics content and the antioxidant capacity of leaf infusions of Vitis tiliiflolia leaves are reported. As a large variability was found in the compounds of the different accessions, a selection of the genotypes with the most suitable composition of the leaves for their use in infusions and subsequent cultivation could represent a way for the valorization of Vitis tiliifolia and to diversify the agricultural productions in tropical areas.
Volume 25, Issue 3 (Fall 2021)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Today one of the biggest planning challenges in human societies, especially rural communities which are the focus of the poor in developing countries, is livelihood (NAZID, 2002). A livelihood is sustainable when it can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks and maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets both now and in the future, while not undermining the natural resource base (DFID, 1999), but rural livelihoods in developing countries are disproportionately vulnerable to multiple shocks and stresses (Ellis, 2000; Ribot,2009; Scoones, 1998). Afghanistan is a developing country where more than 54.5% or 16 million of the population live below the poverty line (World Bank, 2020). The importance of paying attention to the sustainability of rural livelihoods, which is one of the pillars of achieving sustainable rural development seem necessary. The economy of the settlements in the northern villages of Andar district is based on agriculture and such an economic structure is also vulnerable to various factors. For this purpose, it is considered necessary to pay attention to the livelihood sustainability of the studied villages.
Methodology
The present study falls into the category of qualitative research. In the current research, purposive sampling and semi structured in-depth interview technique were used to collect data. The coding and further analysis of the data was assisted by ATLAS.ti 8.4. The coding steps to achieve the research model were done in three steps. The first step is to encode the text of the interviews, picture, audio and video files, the second stage is to classify the concepts and achieve the main and sub-categories and the third step is to draw semantic relationships between codes and categories and achieve a conceptual network of research.
Results and Discussion
The residents of six northern villages (Hakim khan bab, Haji castle, Upper Tangi, Ghulam Siddiq Castle, Chaharkhaneh and Akakhil) of Andar district, Ghazni province, Afghanistan included the study population. The total number of households in these villages was 201 and their total population was 2198 peoples. As mentioned, the data collection tools in this study were interviews, direct observation, photography and video. Data collection continued until the researcher reached theoretical saturation and the research has reached the saturation stage by conducting 23 interview. Due to the problems and potentials in rural Afghanistan, the present study was conducted to achieve sustainable livelihood in rural areas of Andar district. In this way, the livelihood problems and challenges of these villages can be identified and various solutions can be found for them. In this study, the process of guided qualitative content analysis was used to determine the factors affecting sustainable livelihoods in the northern regions of Andar district, Ghazni province, and 60 initial codes were extracted. By multiples revisions and integration of codes based on similarity in several stages, 11 main categories and 19 subcategories were extracted.
Conclusion
Afghanistan is one of the developing countries where most of the people live in rural areas and the rural people are struggling with poverty and various livelihood problems. At the same time, efforts to reduce poverty are minimal and villagers live in greater deprivation. According to the research results, agricultural activities determine the economic life of the studied villages that the agricultural sector alone is not able to provide livelihood for households. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the agricultural sector. Livelihood diversity can be a good option to overcome the unfavorable living condition in rural areas. From the analysis of the studied data, it can be concluded that severe dependence on the agricultural sector, war and security challenges, lack of food security and poor performance of the livestock and poultry sector have increased the livelihood challenges of the villages. The wars of recent decades have exacerbated poverty and insecurity, threatening the lives of many Afghans. The intensification and damage of the war compared to the city, is very high in the villages and the studied villages have suffered a lot of damage due to the war and security challenges and they play a significant role in weakening and hurting the agricultural sector, the destruction of houses, the disability of rural people and the lack of investment.
