Showing 3 results for Makk
Volume 18, Issue 7 (Supplementary Issue - 2016)
Abstract
Morphological and electrophoretic analysis of the crystalline inclusions (parasporal crystals) of sporulated cultures of B. thuringiensis ssp. kumamotoensis DSM 6070 (Bt 6070) was conducted via phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The activity of the spore-crystal suspensions against house fly (Musca domestica) larvae was also assessed. Bipyramidal and smaller, irregular shaped crystals were observed in the sporulated cultures. 130, 75 and 25 kDa bands were detected in the protein pattern. The presence of 25 kda proteins in Bt6070 has not been reported earlier. The spore-crystal suspension showed significant larvicide activity against housefly larvae. Larvicide activity of B. thuringiensis ssp. kumamotoensis against any dipteran species has not been detected yet. Further studies are needed on identifying the dipteran- active fraction.
Volume 20, Issue 138 (August 2023)
Abstract
Today, the use of active packaging containing natural antimicrobial compounds such as essential oils and plant extracts has increased to increase the shelf-life of food products. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of gelatin coating containing Citrus sinensis peel extract on increasing the shelf life of rainbow trout meat. Gelatin (4%) coating was prepared with different levels of Citrus sinensis peel extract (2% and 4%). After preparing the pieces of rainbow trout meat, all the pieces were coated and examined for chemical properties (pH, TVB-N, TBARS), microbial (TVCs and TPCs) and sensory properties (odor, color, texture and overall acceptance) were evaluated for 16 days at 4°C with a 4-day interval (0, 4, 8, 12, 16). The results of the investigation of the antimicrobial effect showed that in the samples coated with 2% and 4% levels of Citrus sinensis peel extract, the average count of mentioned bacteria was significantly lower than the control and gelatin alone (p < 0.05). The results of examining the chemical properties of the samples showed that pH, TVB-N and TBARS increased during the period, but this increase occurred at a slower rate in the samples coated with different levels of Citrus sinensis peel extract. In the evaluation of sensory characteristics, at the beginning of the study, all the samples had the highest acceptance limit, and with the passage of time and the appearance of signs of spoil, the scores decreased, especially in the control. Generally, the results showed that gelatin coating along with different levels of Citrus sinensis peel extract has a positive effect on increasing the shelf life of fish meat and these compounds can be used together to increase the shelf life of protein foods.
Volume 26, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
The impact of different crop production systems was investigated on incidence of insect pests and their natural enemies, soil microflora and enzymatic activity, and quality of fruits produced in spring planted tomato at Ludhiana, Punjab, during 2017 to 2019. Production systems included conventional farming whereby indiscriminate and excessive use of agrochemicals is practiced, organic farming, and farming following Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) with IPM adoption. Higher Aphis gossypii and Helicoverpa armigera infestation was observed in organic fields followed by IPM and conventional fields. Aphid population showed a negative correlation with maximum and minimum temperature but a positive correlation with relative humidity, while the tomato fruit borer showed a positive correlation with maximum and minimum temperature but negative correlation with relative humidity and rainfall. The mean fruit yield in the farming system following IPM was maximum (50120 Kg ha-1) followed by conventional farmers’ fields (408.1 q/ha) and organic fields (403.9 q/ha). The mean spider population under organic conditions (0.39-0.56) was significantly higher than that of IPM (0.26-0.36) and conventional farmers’ fields (0.02-0.10). Soil samples from conventional fields revealed the presence of quinalphos and chlorpyriphos, while tomato fruit samples showed the presence of triazophos and mancozeb during 2017 and 2018. In 2017, the flavonoids and percent antioxidant activity in fruits from organic field were higher. The bacterial count in organic and IPM field soil increased from 5.4×107 and 4.9×107 CFU g-1 in 2017 to, respectively, 7.1×107 and 6.5×107 CFU g-1 in 2019. The activity of alkaline phosphatase and urease was highest in organic fields.