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Showing 790 results for Mahdi
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
Language teacher professional identity refers to each individual’s understanding of their identity, helping them prepare for their professional lives and is affected by different factors. This study thus explored the reasons why language teachers chose this profession, their perceptions of the notion of language teacher professional identity (LTPI), the influential factors in the formation or change of professional identity, and the contribution of communities of practice. A 37-item questionnaire along with five open-ended questions was developed and administered to 109 English language teachers studying Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) at Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST). The outcome of the study revealed that language teachers perceived their professional identity mostly related to students, self-knowledge and awareness, and practice into knowledge. They stated that students, context, and disciplinary knowledge could greatly cause constant change in the progression and formation of professional identity. The research could shed more light into the improvement of language teachers’ professional development and teacher education programs.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
This paper deals with the object agreement phenomenon in the transcriptions written in Middle Persian language. This study is a descriptive study and is classified as a library research. The collected data from transcriptions in Middle Persian language namely as Ardā-Virāf-nāmeh, Bundahishn, Dānāk u Mainyo-ī Khard, Dēnkard Book 5, Rivāyat ī Ādurfarrōbay i Farrōkhzādān, and Vizidagiha-ye Zadesparam have been analyzed based on the theoretical background of Dalrymple and Nikolaeva (2011). The analysis of the collected data showed that in the Middle Persian Language in some cases the verb instead of the subject, agrees with the object of the sentence in number and person features. This phenomenon happens only when the sentence has the transitive verb in the past tense and there is no object agreement for transitive verbs inflected for other tenses. Moreover, the object agreement in the Middle Persian has no relation with the animacy and definiteness characteristics of the object. A comparison between the results of this research and the findings of the Dalrymple and Nikolaeva (2011) shows that object agreement is the Middle Persian is a syntactic phenomenon based on the tenses of the sentence that just occurred when the transitive verb was in the past tense. This phenomenon can show the diachronic changes of the Persian Language for the emergence of the ergative system in the Persian Language.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
By bringing up the category of paratextuality, Gerard Genet was able to push the boundaries of the analysis and study the image on the book cover to semiotic opinions in order to recognize the semantic layers of the design on the book cover. Mohammad Taimur wrote the first collection of short stories of the Arab society under the title "Ma Ttrah Al-Ayoun". Now the problem is that the semantic connection and coherence of the design on the cover of the book "Ma Trah Al-Ayoun" with evaluation of semiotics to what extent makes the paratextual capability of the design smooth with the content of the book. The current research aims to analyze the layers and symbolic components of the cover design of the book "M Trah Al-Ayoun" as the paratext of the book, in order to understand the semantic and communication layers of the cover design of the book with the internal text and secondary goals of the author and in this regard, used the descriptive-analytical method with the approach of visual semiotics. The results indicate that the paratext of the design on the cover the book with the use of colors, which are the most prominent functional component of the design, the use of the shape of the eye and the broken lines behind the eye and the use of letter "M" and "A" connected to "M" was able to reflect the title of the book and experiences of the author should be parallel to the internal text.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
Autism is a neurocognitive disorder. Many children with autism do not have a change in language and usually tend to have literal interpretations of phrases, which makes it difficult to understand metaphorical language, which can be seen in both visual and visual metaphors. The aim of this study was to compare auditory and visual metaphorical perception in children with mild autism and normal children. The present study is a cross-sectional and causal-comparative study. The statistical sample of this study includes 30 boys aged 7 to 10 years with mild autism studying in educational centers for exceptional children in Mashhad and 30 normal children matched in terms of age who were selected by convenience sampling method. After initial language assessment, they were assessed by metaphorical perception test and U Mann-Whitney test and SPSS 23 software were used to analyze the data. The results of data analysis showed that in metaphorical perception in general there is a significant difference between autistic and normal children (P <0.001), also, in understanding visual and auditory metaphors, the two groups showed a significant difference (P <0/001). The obtained results indicate that compared to normal children, children with autism have a lower performance in terms of understanding visual and auditory metaphors, and considering this issue can be used in planning and designing educational content and rehabilitation interventions in order to improve educational performance and social benefit of these children.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the representation of gender and intercultural competence in the images and texts of 15 Iranian secondary school English coursebooks, published over six decades. Gender representation was investigated using the framework proposed by Dahmardeh and Kim (2020), and the scale developed by Solhaug and Kristensen (2020) was used as the criteria for investigating intercultural competence. The data were coded and counted using manifest content analysis. The results showed that Iranian English coursebooks mentioned males and females unequally in their texts across different decades, with one gender being represented more in each decade. Regarding gender representation in the images, males were represented more than females in almost all decades. The representation of males and females in the books published in the 1970s was almost equal, followed by extreme and sudden changes in gender representation in the 1980s. However, the books published in and after the 2000s presented a balanced picture of males and females. The coursebooks dealt with intercultural competence in their texts and images very rarely, limiting this concept to religious issues and neglecting other aspects. In fact, the coursebooks addressed only one category out of the 11 categories. Finally, the study ends with implications for coursebook authors, materials designers, teachers, students, and teacher trainers.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
Diagnostic Formative Assessment (DFA) has already established its applicability and necessity in second language teaching practice and research as a legitimate supplement to summative assessment. However, examples of practical implementations of DFA informing SLA research and an investigation of the detailed processes involved, especially when it comes to productive skills such as speaking in tertiary educational settings are rather scarce. Therefore, focusing on the formality dimension, as a rather neglected component in DFA, the present quasi-experimental study set out to compare the effects of formal and informal DFA on Iranian EFL learners’ oral fluency and accuracy at university level. For this purpose, a homogeneous group of 52 male and female L2 learners were assigned to two experimental conditions and after a speaking pre-test developed and scored based on IELTS speaking tasks, went through four months of formal and informal DFA based on four reiterative stages of Observation, Initial Assessment, Hypothesis Checking, and Decision Making. Upon the post-test, the results of ANCOVAs showed that both treatments equally contributed to learners’ development of oral fluency and accuracy, indicating that traditional skepticisms towards informal DFA must be revisited and they can serve as appropriate supplements to more formal approaches whenever necessitated by the instruction. EFL practitioners are recommended to take these rather broad, flexible, and convenient informal DFA practices into consideration and decide on their exact choices based on the particularities of the context, situation, and individual learners, which leads to an expansion in their pedagogical options.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (ARTICLES IN PRESS 2024)
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a class of organic pollutants, have been observed to exert deleterious effects on plant growth and various physiological processes. In this study, the effect of different concentrations of phenanthrene (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm) on growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, some antioxidant enzymes, and some biochemical compounds of the maize plant were investigated. The experiments were conducted as pot cultures of plants under controlled conditions using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications for each treatment. Increasing phenanthrene concentration reduced all studied growth parameters and significantly increased photosynthetic pigment contents. Phenanthrene led to the increase in catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities in the roots but in shoots, only the peroxidase activity was increased. Moreover, higher phenanthrene concentrations were associated with elevated levels of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide, coupled with a marked reduction in soluble sugar content in both shoot and root tissues (p<0.05). Also, increase in phenanthrene concentration in the shoots decreased the total phenol and flavonoid contents compared to anthocyanin. Phenanthrene treatment led to a significant reduction in the concentrations of lauric acid, meric acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid in maize shoots. In conclusion, it seems that high concentrations of phenanthrene induce oxidative stress in the maize, and plants improve their enzymatic antioxidant system to moderate the stress condition. In addition, damage of cell membranes by phenanthrene leads to weakening of plants root system as well as disordering in water and nutrient uptake and finally reduction in the plant growth.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (ARTICLES IN PRESS 2024)
Abstract
This study employs thematic map clustering and social network analysis (SNA) to analyze global Agri-startup trends, utilizing bibliometric data from the Scopus database. The research identifies key contributors, collaboration networks, and key thematic clusters that drive innovation in the agricultural sector. Findings reveal a significant upward trend in Agri-startup research, with sustainability, entrepreneurship, and technology integration emerging as central themes. The study highlights the critical roles of prominent regions, institutions, and journals in shaping the field, underscoring the importance of precision agriculture and digital technologies in advancing agriculture. These insights offer actionable recommendations for stakeholders to foster innovation, promote sustainable development, and address global agricultural challenges and enhance food security, bridging academic research with practical applications in innovation ecosystems.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (in press 2024)
Abstract
The design of earthquake-resistant structures and the reduction of damages caused by them have always been considered. One of the ways to reduce earthquake vibrations in steel frames is to use cable braces. In addition, one of the ways to improve the behavior of the structure against seismic loads is the use of dampers. In this research, magnetorheological damper and cable brace are used simultaneously. To check the effectiveness of the proposed system, four steel frames including, a steel frame without cables and dampers, a steel frame with cable braces, a steel frame with magnetorheological dampers and, a steel frame with cable braces along with magnetorheological dampers, which have one-span and two spans, were selected and the behavior of this frame Assuming different conditions, under nonlinear static lateral load and seismic loads, it has been checked in SAP2000 software. By examining the results obtained from the nonlinear static analysis of the case of a one span, it is concluded that the steel frame with cable brace and magnetorheological damper reduces the lateral displacement of the frame and often the internal forces of the beam and column more than other frames. gives by examining the results of the time-history dynamic analysis of one-span and two-span conditions, it is concluded that the proposed system reduces the lateral displacement of the frame and the internal forces of the beam and column more than other frames in most of the investigated earthquakes. In other words, using the proposed systems improves the performance of the structure against lateral loads.
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted for Publication 2024)
Abstract
Aim and Introduction
Achieving sustained and long-term economic growth necessitates the optimal allocation and utilization of resources at the national level. This goal relies heavily on the existence of efficient financial markets, particularly well-functioning and extensive capital markets. Numerous macroeconomic variables can influence the level of risk associated with shareholder rights, corporate cash flows, and adjusted discount rates. Additionally, changes in economic conditions can alter both the quantity and nature of investment opportunities.
However, establishing a fixed and consistent relationship between macroeconomic variables and stock price indices remains challenging. The complex and dynamic nature of financial markets makes it difficult to identify a method that accurately reflects economic conditions and captures the most critical influencing variables. Therefore, this study employs machine learning models to identify the key macroeconomic factors affecting stock price indices.
Methodology
Feature selection is one of the most common and crucial techniques in data preprocessing and serves as an essential component of machine learning. This study employs feature selection models to identify the most relevant predictors of the stock price index. The models utilized include the random forest method and regularized linear regression. To examine the nature of the relationships between variables, the jointness method was applied. Additionally, the mutual information analysis was conducted to assess the influence of key variables over different decades, enabling a deeper understanding of how the impact of macroeconomic factors on stock prices has evolved over time.
Findings
The study analyzed the impact of selected macroeconomic variables on stock price indices, focusing on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The findings from the Random Forest (RF) and Regularized Linear Regression (RLR) models indicate that exchange rates, financial development, inflation, economic growth, trade openness, and global uncertainty significantly influence Iran’s stock price index. The results demonstrate that global uncertainty, interest rates, and trade openness exert negative effects on stock prices, whereas the other variables positively influence stock prices.
The jointness method was employed to analyze the relationships between these variables, further confirming their significance. Moreover, the Mutual Information method was used to examine how the influence of these key variables varied across different decades.
Discussion and Conclusion
Among the variables examined, exchange rates, financial development, inflation, economic growth, trade openness, and global uncertainty emerged as the most significant factors influencing Iran’s stock price index. This finding is not surprising, given Iran’s historical experience with significant exchange rate fluctuations and persistent inflationary pressures. Global uncertainty has consistently influenced domestic markets in Iran due to political and economic instability. Previous research has highlighted the complex relationship between exchange rate fluctuations and stock price indices (Ratanapakorn & Sharma, 2007). Scholars have argued that the relationship between stock prices and exchange rates can significantly affect monetary and fiscal policy, as a recessionary stock market can reduce overall demand and impact broader economic performance.
Extensive research has also investigated the relationship between inflation and stock prices, identifying inflation as a significant factor affecting stock indices
(Boudoukh & Richardson, 1993; Fama & Schwert, 1977; Jaffe & Mandelker, 1976) . While some studies have reported a positive correlation between inflation and stock prices, others have found a negative relationship.
Moreover, trade openness has been recognized as a key factor influencing stock market fluctuations. Open economies are more vulnerable to external shocks due to increased global risk-sharing among markets. Although some studies have not found conclusive evidence of a direct effect between trade openness and stock prices, trade openness remains one of the influential factors (Nickmansh, 2016).
Stock prices reflect the present value of future cash flows, which are subject to two main effects: cash flow changes driven by increased production and interest rates, which serve as a discount factor. Stock prices tend to decline when expected cash flows decrease or interest rates rise. The level of actual economic activity directly influences cash flows, as higher economic activity generally leads to increased cash flow. Among the various indicators used to predict commodity markets, real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is considered the most comprehensive measure of economic activity (Yuhasin, 2011; Christopher et al., 2006).
mouseout="msoCommentHide('_com_1')" onmouseover="msoCommentShow('_anchor_1','_com_1')">Finally, global uncertainty plays a significant role in shaping the internal economic environment of countries, making it an important global macroeconomic variable that influences the performance of publicly traded companies on the stock exchange.
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Volume 0, Issue 1 (5-2011)
Abstract
Flood spreading stations were constructed in Iran with different objectives such as groundwater recharge and vegetation recovery. Accumulation of sediment can be a major problem in flood spreading stations. According to generally accepted theories, floods and salt pollution can reduce gradually the infiltration rate. In order to investigate this issue, 13 flood spreading stations were selected across the country and infiltration rate changes were monitored over five years in the flood spreading areas. Non-parametric tests were used to analyze the abnormally distributed data. Based on the soil properties of the spreading stations, stations were first classified into three groups separately by cluster analysis; next, studies were conducted in three separate groups. Results in stations group 1 showed that, in the first year, the infiltration rate among spreading lines was not significantly different, but data for the second year showed a significant difference at α = 0.05. For stations group 2, in the third year, the difference in the infiltration rate was significant at α = 0.05. In addition, changes in the infiltration rate were significant at α = 0.05 in stations groups 1 and 2 in the second spreading line. For stations group 3, significant changes among lines have been detected. Results also showed that changes in the infiltration rate in different years were somewhat different among the three groups of stations. Although infiltration rate changes were low, there was a general decreasing trend.
Volume 1, Issue 1 (4-2014)
Abstract
Background and Objectives:HBV and HTLV-I are life threatening infectious agents in patients who receive blood and blood products. Although serological methods have been proved to be useful, detection of these viruses has remained a challengingissue due to the many obstacles. By the advent of Nucleic Acid Testing methods, especially in multiplex format, more precise detection is possible.The objective of this study was to develop a reliable, rapid and cost- effective method tosimultaneously detect HBV and HTLV-I. Materials and Methods: We have developed a multiplex Real time-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of HBV and HTLV-I. Primer sets were designed for highly conserved regions of genome of each virus. Using these primers and standard plasmids, we determined the limit of detection, clinical and analytical specificity and sensitivity of the assay. Monoplex and multiplex Real-time PCRs were performed. Results: Analytical sensitivity was considered to be 1000 and 100 copies/ml for HBV and HTLV-I, respectively. High concentration of one virus had no adverse effect on detection of t low concentrations of the other one. By analyzing 30 samples, clinical sensitivity of the assay was determined to be 87% and 96% for HBV and HTLV-I, respectively. Using different viral and human genome samples, the specificity of the assay was verified to be 100%. Conclusions:We have developed a reliable, rapid and cost effective method tosimultaneously detect HBV and HTLV-I.Our results indicatedthe high capability of this simple and rapid method for detecting these viruses in clinical samples.
Volume 1, Issue 1 (4-2014)
Abstract
Background:Estrogens play a substantial role in the proliferation, progression and treatment of breast cancer by binding with two estrogen receptors, alpha and beta (ERα and ERβ). Resistance to endocrine therapy is a major problem in the treatment of breast cancers and, in some cases, may be related to loss of ER gene expression. We have already showed that ERα methylation occurs in high frequency and may be one of the important mechanisms for ERα gene silencing in a subset of Iranian primary sporadic breast cancers. In the other hand, the CpG Island methylation status of ERβ and the relationship between clinicopathological features and the pattern of ERβ methylation in sporadic breast cancer are still unknown, especially in Iranian women. Methods: In this study, we examined the exact role of DNA methylation in the estrogen receptors, alpha and beta genes using Combined Bisulfite Restriction enzyme Analysis (COBRA) and Methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) methods in 34 tissue and 40 peripheral white blood cells in the breast cancers. Results and Conclusions: ERα promoter methylation was identified in 29(72.5%) tissue samples and 35(87.5%) peripheral blood. Among these ERα-methylated cases, the co-occurrentmethylation of ER promoter in peripheral blood and tissue samples was evident in 25 (71.4%) patient (P=0.56). Furthermore, ERβ promoter methylation was detected in 13(32.5%) tissue samples and 4(10.0%) peripheral blood specimens. Of these ERα-methylated cases, the co-ocurrent methylation of ERβ promoter in the peripheral blood and tissue samples was evident in 1(7.7%) patient (P= 0.11). Based on COBRA analysis the percentage of DNA methylation at methylation-sensitive BstUI restriction site of the ERα promoter A ranged from 1% to 91%. The percentages at promoters A region showed a borderline associations with lymph node involvement (P=0.079, r=0.55) and a significant correlation with the grade of tumors (p= 0.27, r=0.65). No significant relation was found between ERα promoter and ERβ promoter methylation (Odds ratio =2.82, 95%, CI =0.28–28.5, P=0.36). The methylation of promoter ON was observed in only a subset of tumors without ER by IHC. In addition, we did not find any significant correlationbetween the prognostic factors such as grade, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and methylation status of this promoter. Our results indicate that methylation of ERβ promoter ON is not responsible for the loss of gene expression in of all breast tumors.
Volume 1, Issue 1 (10-2011)
Abstract
Considering the vast changes in different aspects of life and various ways of earning livelihood, flexibility in contemporary housing design can be regarded as an appropriate solution in order to prevent from discreteness in interactions within the society and environment and among people. That is because a residence must be designed according to the changing needs of modern human. Traditional houses in Iran have already contained this concept, in modern era however, such viewpoint towards housing cannot be seen so often. Flexibility refers to the idea of adaptation throughout the time. Therefore it can be said that a flexible settlement is a house that can be adapted with the needs of the users and will lead to understanding the users’ expected demands with their own cooperation. Peoples’ cooperation in this process will increase the possibility of adaptation of housing with their needs which will eventually increase the general satisfaction of the housing. This research discusses the issue of flexibility and the related concepts in the field of housing with emphasis on some residential projects. Every settlement is depended on its user and the ground for its adaptation. Therefore, in terms of general design, we can say that settlement is dependent on both the environment and the user. Since human beings normally demand variety and monotonous environmental conditions make human beings unsatisfied and bored; they usually have a favorable and positive view towards changes in their living environment. These varieties can range from some minor changes up to basic ones such as a change in the residential house itself. Flexibility in architectural design indicates variety. Such variety includes the possibility of adjustment and compatibility of a residential unit throughout time. It will eventually lead the building to show new varieties of its own. In order to demonstrate flexibility, the architects have to put the probable needs of the users into consideration in the process of designing. In other words, a “long-term thought” is required in designing.Flexibility in housing can be investigated from two points of views: first, from users’ point of view and secondly the innovative construction. Designing consists of four main issues: (1) structural system; (2) servicing spaces; (3) architectural design; and (4) facilities for environmental flexibility. The present study tries to express the concept of flexibility as a “new form of challenging architecture”. This is done using some examples and instances. From such viewpoint, the goal this study tries to attain is to survey the limitations and boundaries of flexible designing. This is done by analyzing the selected items. This way, the architect can turn flexibility into an opportunity and produce creative options in his/her work and design. The present study was conducted using library-based method and case study with the aim of studying and discussing the conceptual and operational grounds of housing design in different countries. The structure and main framework of the present study stands on the idea that flexibility can be used for housing development in all eras and periods as a general concept and includes different types itself.
Volume 1, Issue 1 (2-2016)
Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) represent one of the most frequently occurring and costly occupational issue in nursing. The nursing profession is one of the most stressful occupations today, because of the quantity and diversity of risk factors associated with the work environment. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between burnout syndrome and musculoskeletal disorders. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study a questionnaire survey was carried out among 415 nursing personnel in five educational hospitals in Hamedan, Iran. Data were collected through two unnamed questionnaires including Maslach Burnout Inventory, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: Statistical analysis showed that the most commonly painful regions among the nurses were lower back (5.53%), left foot (5.08%), and head and neck (4.43%), right foot (4.90%), right knee (3.84%) and left knee (3.74%). The lowest pain, were found to be in right and left elbows (1.99%) and (1.91%), respectively. Also emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment has significant correlation with musculoskeletal disorders (P = 0.000, r = 0.122). Conclusions: The results showed high prevalence of MDS among Iranian nurses that could be due to emotional exhaustion and depression.
Volume 1, Issue 2 (6-2012)
Abstract
Powdery mildew is one of the most important disease concerns of tomato production in different regions of the world, which is caused by different species of Erysiphales. The most important causal agents of which are Leveillula taurica and Oidium neolycopersici. In the present study tomato farms in Qazvin province were surveyed and tomato leaves with powdery mildew symptoms were collected. After morphological studies in laboratory and using reliable resources, the causal agent of tomato powdery mildew was identified as Leveillula taurica. The host range was determined by inoculation of Leveillula taurica from tomato on nine species of plants belonging to four different plant families. All cultivars of tomato, eggplant, pepper and cucumber used in this study, showed disease symptoms on their leaf surfaces. Other plant species including potato, alfalfa, sunflower, clover and sainfoin did not get infected by the pathogen. The nucleotide divergence for the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) region between tomato mildew and 21 other Leveillula taurica isolates ranged from 0.00 to 0.031 %. The sequence of ITS region of Leveillula taurica from tomato was identical to that of eight isolates from different plant species.
Volume 1, Issue 2 (Fall & Winter 2014)
Abstract
Although the literal translations of the Qur'an seemed insufficient and unclear, and do not have enough adaption with Persian language, however in many cases these translations have strong points which make them better than modern translations. Some of the strong points of these translations are: accuracy in finding exact equivalents, consistency and cohesion with the text of the Qur'an, paying attention to the morphological and syntactic structures in the source language. On the other hand, Lack of eloquence, ignoring the deletions, literal translation of metaphors are some of the shortcomings of literal translations of Qur'an. In this regard, this paper is to study the advantages and disadvantages of following literal translations of Holy Quran: Dehlavi, Sharany, Mesbah-zadeh and Moezzi.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Asthma: From Conformational Variations to Structural Alternations
Volume 1, Issue 2 (7-2014)
Abstract
Background: Asthma is the main reason of disability, health resource exploitation and low quality of life for those who are affected. It is estimated that nearly 300 million people in the world are suffering from asthma. Studies have identified 18 genomic regions and more than 100 genes associated with asthma. Among these candidate genes, IL-17F plays a very interesting role in asthma. This study was conducted to predict the conformational and functional impact of asthma-associated IL-17F polymorphisms on protein product of the corresponding gene using Phyre2, PolyPhen2 and SIFT softwares. Methods: In the present study, 10 significant missense SNPs (rs763780, rs144576902, rs11465553, rs368500268, rs141798304, rs2397084, rs146083682, rs200163061, rs376671742, and rs373228601) were taken from Ensembl Genome Browser database. Polymorphism-induced protein structural changes were predicted using Protein Homology analogY Recognition Engine V2.0 (PHYRE2) program. The possible impact of an amino acid substitution on the function of protein was analyzed using PolyPhen-2 (Polymorphism Phenotyping Version2) and SIFT (Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant) tools. Results: The analysis revealed mutant proteins having structural changes in the number of atoms, H-bonds, turns and helices. While wild copy has 82 H-bonds, 5 helices and 20 turns, the mutant types show considerable changes. At functional level also, substantial changes were observed between the wild protein and the mutant one. Conclusion: A single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene sequence can lead to the substantial structural and functional variations in the protein product of the gene, a process that may account for etiology of a number of complex diseases including asthma.
Volume 1, Issue 2 (3-2017)
Abstract
The historical and literary a common ground in Persian and Arabic Created Valuable Literary poems on various subjects. We can mention elegy that versified in the sadness of destruction of Baghdad by Saadi Shirazi and Shamsuddin Kofi. Reflecting the Mongol invasion of Islamic countries, including Baghdad caused profound grief and sorrow over the lives of Muslims. In this article we have tried to analyze the reflection of the tragedy in the poem of the two poets and we have mentioned by Comparative analysis to the Themes and content is written by the poet's and We have also explore the similarities and differences of the two poet elegy. The results of this study indicate that both the poet in several main themes have in common such as crying and grief, complained of oppression days tend to pre-Islamic Arabic language and literary style and Mention honors predecessors. Lastly Both poet said monody by Pure and simple Diction, yet full of sorrow and regret, in elegy of Baghdad and ”mostaasem”.
Volume 1, Issue 2 (summer 2021)
Abstract
Abstract
In recent decades, much research has been conducted in the context of domestic violence, especially violence against women and children; But in related to another form of domestic violence, or sibling abuse, not only has little attention been paid by researchers, but most parents also ignore their children's violent behavior toward each other as a common childish behavior. However, most of these cases have profound and destructive effects on children's social development and cognition, and consequently increase the likelihood of committing criminal behaviors. Among these, social and cultural factors are a hidden phenomenon that determines the shape of individual relationships in families. The present study describes the prevalence of sibling abuse with the aim of examining the economic, cultural and social contexts of student families.
The survey study was conducted among 600 high school students in districts one and six of Mashhad using a researcher-made questionnaire in two sections: self-reported victimization and delinquency with Cronbach's alpha 0.918, and was conducted in the academic year 2020-2021. Data analysis shows that the cultural and social characteristics of families such as inadequate parental education, poverty and unemployment, affect the prevalence of sibling violence, and violence among students with lower levels of family background was more prevalent in compare to others.
This study shows that social factors and cultural level within families affect the level of violence between children; therefore, if a society can strengthen the normative and cultural components of families through education and the media, it can improve the health of families. The Iranian legislature has taken an important step to combat this type of behavioral violence by passing the Child and Adolescent Protection Act 2020.
Keywords: Domestic Violence, Brother-Sister Abuse, Victim Self-Report, Crime Self-Report, Mashhad High School Students