Volume 9, Issue 18 (Fall & Winter 2023)
Abstract
The style of exaggeration, as one of the most frequent syntactic styles, with many latent meanings, has always been the focus of translators. Examining the translation of this style in Nahj al-Balagha, which is a book mixed with eloquent and eloquent expressions, is very important. On the other hand, Catford's theory, as a precise and meticulous theory in translation, can be a good criterion and scale for the semantic analysis of translations of Nahj al-Balagha in the style of exaggeration. This style is used in morphological, syntactic and rhetorical structures; But since one of the cases of use in syntactic structures is in the limitations of present tense and distinction and absolute object, this research has tried to extract these structures from Nahj al-Balagha with descriptive-analytical method and apply them to this theory to determine the degree of conformity or not.The conformity of the existing equivalents in the Persian language to the emphatic structures of the Arabic language in the two translations of Shahidi and Foladvand - as two translations that have a special place in literature - should be determined. After the analyzes carried out in the translation of these two structures, it was observed that, despite the countless cases of distinguishing the subject from the subject or the object, the present tense and the absolute object in Nahj al-Balagha, with the semantic load of exaggeration; Based on this theory, translators have not been able to transfer the meaning of exaggeration from the source language to the target language well
Volume 20, Issue 7 (July 2020)
Abstract
Due to developments in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, design and producing cellular structures with complex topologies accompanied with appropriate mechanical properties and lightweight have become possible and the application of cellular porous materials has been increasing in various areas. In the current study, a novel cellular structure with adjustable radially graded relative density and properties inspired by bone tissue structure is designed and introduced. The cellular structure has five layers and is achieved by repeating a regular four-sided unit-cell in radial, peripheral, and axial directions by a specific pattern. Next, using analytical relations, the mechanical properties of the structure are derived. The obtained theoretical solution is validated by numerical modeling and experimental test of a polymeric specimen manufactured by SLA method. Comparison of the results shows good precision of the theoretical solution. Furthermore, the effect of design parameters including the height of representative volume element, the number of the sides of start shape, and radius of the struts on mechanical properties and their distribution is studied. Using genetic algorithms single-objective and multi-objective optimization is performed on elastic properties of the structure. The single-objective optimization results for structure with 70, 75, and 80% porosities led to 32.9, 35.92, and 35.68% improvement of elastic modulus to mass, respectively and 116.35, 96.48, and 73.62% increase of yield strength to mass at similar porosities compared to base models with same porosities. The results show proper ability of the structure in creating distribution of mechanical properties and porosity and its potential capability for use in bone replacement applications.
Volume 30, Issue 3 (Fall 2024)
Abstract
Implicit model is a fundamental concept, on which, cultural criticism is based as it deals with the function of a model in texts and discourses and examines the textual subconscious, and dismantles the academic rhetorical language that is far from social problems and facts of the social life. This model may be present in songs, costumes, fables, and proverbs, as it is in poems, stories, novels, and other forms of art. Beneath all these elements is a cultural system perceived by the listener, viewer, or reader because of its hidden adaptation to an older model fixed in the mind. Regarding the cultural approach examining hidden Implicit Masculinity Model, the present study seeks to examine and analyze it in the novel Tishrin by Iraqi novelist Wafaa Abd al-Razzaq. In the sub-topics, the representations of masculinity in the novel such as: love, the desire for control, elimination, covering masculinity with religion, and the fear of shame, were examined. The study reached a set of results, the most important ones: Wafaa Abd al-Razzaq is consciously at times, and sometimes unconsciously creates a conflict between the authority of male discourse and rebellion against this discourse behind an aesthetic and literary model. That’s in order to fill her novel with the pattern of implicit virility, so her novel no longer concerned only the central, but the margin became the focus of attention as well.
