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The Nahj al-Balagha (Arabic: نهج البلاغة‎ Nahj ul-Balāghah) (“Way of Eloquence") is the most famous collection of sermons, letters and narrations of Imam Ali. This book is Known for its eloquent content and considered a masterpiece of literature in Arabic language and literature. This valuable book many times has been translated into Persian by capable translators and scholars. One of the most famous Persian translations of Nahj al-Balagha was done by Sayyed Jafar Shahidi, distinguished scholar of the Persian language and literature and a renowned historian of Islam. Nahj al-Balagha employs many stylistic, linguistic and rhetorical features, and this use of linguistic and rhetorical features such as simile, metaphor, irony, challenges the translators of Nahj al-Balagha. Meanwhile Shahidi’s translation of Nahj al-Balagha has been a faithful translation in a way that he has tried to convey it faithfully on the one hand, and to find the exact Persian equivalents on the other hand. Using the descriptive and attributive method, this article analyzes the diction, figures of speech, and literary graces of the 114 elementary sermon of Shahidi’s translation. Shahidi has carefully translated figures of speech of Nahj al-Balagha into Persian, to some extent that, the eloquence of this translation draws everybody’s attention.  Shahidi has benefited from the Baligh simile and Makniyah Metaphor frequently. He has also used different types of figures of speech and rhetorical features such as rhyme, symmetry, contrast… which makes this translation more valuable and precious. And finally the authors have come to this conclusion that the rhyme is the most striking feature in this translation.  

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 Resistance literature is the most important cultural strongholds for nations under domination. This word has always been associated with anti oppression and evokes it. This genre of literature has got a long bachground in the history that because of ruling oppression in muslim countries from alien countries and also imposed wars, has got a special representation. Iran and Palestine are two prominent examples of this country. Saleh Mahmood Alhowariis one of the poets who pays special attention to Palestine. Also TaherehSafarzadeh,with his poetry has defended his nation confronting aliens, and we see manifestation of resistance in her poems. Pride and national identity and patriotism, challenge, hope for a better future, and invitation to solidarity are of the common themes in the poetry of both poets.This study intends to express the themes of resistance literature in poetry of both poets and compare these kind of themes in their poetry using library tool and descriptive-analytical method the American School of comparative literature.

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The literature of each region reflects the customs and beliefs of that particular region and is the distinguishing feature of races from each other. Folklore of each nation is a reflection of its cultural and racial beliefs and through investigating them, one can find out about traditions and cultures of various races that have entered and remained in that area through immigration, war and business. Through separating these cultural and racial beliefs, one can also reevaluate that race from a cultural perspective. Music of every nation, like other arts, springs out of feelings, experiences and the surroundings of that nation and it has contained and built a big and important part of every society throughout the history of mankind. Human beings mix their internal feelings with the knowledge they have acquired through trial and error and creates a fruit called art and civilization. One of the objective manifestation of Kurdish culture is folk songs. Songs have not been and are not simply tools to pass life, but are useful tools for transferring feelings, happiness and sorrow. One of the ever-lasting songs among Kurds, and in particular Kurds speaking the southern dialect, is Houreh which is prevalent in areas such as Ilam, Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Kurdistan. Houreh is a long continuous song and its singer has a lot of poems and verses in mind and sings them one after the other. Sometimes the songs are composed by the singer and sometimes taken from other poets.
Houreh is mostly prevalent in southern Kurdish areas especially with Laks, and in areas of Guran, Sanjabi, and Kalhor. Seyyed Gholi Keshavarz, Ali Rostami known as Ali Khan, Farman Rostami, Ali Karami Nezhad known as Haji Touti, Bahram Beig Valad Beigi, Nejat, Ebrahim Hosseini, Ilkhan Arkavazi, Awl Aziz, Yasemi, Karim Sadehi, and Abd Al-Samad Abdi Pour are famous Houreh singers of Ilam, Kermanshah and Kurdistan provinces. But, the deceased Ali Nazar is most well-known of all.
Houreh expresses contents such as death, describing nature, sorrow, hardship, happiness, and unhappiness in the form of songs. However, the most frequent theme of Houreh has been happiness and love. Seyyed Gholi Keshavarz is one the most famous contemporary Houreh composers who lives in Lalehvand Mahidasht (in Kermanshah) and many of his Houreh are song by lovers of traditional Kurdish songs. He pays special attention to describing the beloved in his Hourehs and using this form of songs, he expresses the hardships of love and betrayal on behalf of the beloved, or the pains one endures for love. Another part of his songs are composed in the form of Ekhvaniat and also Payeh Moori describing the beauty of nature or death.

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Q fever is a worldwide disease with is common between humans and livestock. This disease is created by an obligate intracellular Rickettsia called Coxiella burnetii. This study was conducted to identify the amount of C.burnetii prevalence in the raw Sheep milk in Khorramabad and its surrounding towns. In this cross-sectional study (from Spring 2013 to Winter 2013), 72 Sheep milk samples were collected Randomly. These samples were tested for the presence of C. burnetii by the Nested PCR method. In this survey, number 15 out of 72 (20.83%) sheep milk samples were positive for C. burnetii. The prevalence of C. burnetii varied during different seasons The analysis of the collected data in different seasons and areas revealed that, more than 79/16 percent of the samples were negative and about 20.82 percent were positive in terms of C.burnetii presence. It can be concluded from this study the season and the region of sample collecting affects the amount of bacteria exerted, and that Sheep milk can be one of the potential sources of C. burnetii in Iran.  

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The main objective of this study was assessment of hormonal treatments effects on sperm quality improvement in Barbus sharpeyi. Results showed differences in effects of treatments with LHRHa2, LHRHa2 combined with a dopamine antagonist (MET), and CPE (Carp Pituitary Extract) on parameters of sperm volume, motility, spermatocrit, biochemical indices of seminal plasma and sperm efficiency on artificial propagation, incubation survival, and deformities. Biochemical analysis of seminal plasma showed that the majority of parameters were affected by different hormonal treatments. In conclusion, the highest sperm quality of Benni fish could be achieved by application of LHRHA2 (10 µg kg^-1+MET), LHRHA2 (5 µg kg^-1+MET) and LHRHA2 (5 µg kg^-1) at 8, 12, and 16 hours PHS, respectively.

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The drying process plays an important role in the treatment of medicinal plants, in order to maintain the quantity and quality of the essential oil extracted from the plant. Because Medicinal herbs containing essential oils If they are not dried immediately or their essence is not extracted, they will lose their active ingredients and volatile compounds.The aim of this study is design a hybrid dryer to drying medicinal plants and comparison their results with traditional drying methods (sun and shade).The effects of different drying methods (hybrid dryer, oven and shade drying) on the essential oil content and chemical composition of thyme were studied. The essential oils from each organ type were extracted by hydrodistillation and the chemical components were analyzed by GC/MS systems. Mathematical modeling results showed that the Midilli model can fit the drying curves with high accuracy. The highest essential oils yield of 2.4 % (v/w) was obtained by a hybrid dryer. Results indicated that hybrid dryer could keep the 24 Kinds of volatile compounds of Thymus while these values were 10 and 6 for oven and shadow methods, respectively. The main components of the essential oils in different drying methods were including alpha and beta pinene, caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, carotol, thymol, thymol methyl ether, terpinene-4-ol, gama-terpinene, p-cymene.In general, hybrid drying method is recommended as the best method for post-harvest thyme processing.

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To minimize the cost of maintenance and repair of rotating industrial equipment, one of the methods used is condition monitoring by sound analysis. This study was performed to diagnose the fault of a single-phase electric motor through machine learning method aiming to monitor its situation by sound analysis. Test conditions included healthy state, bearing failure, shaft imbalance and shaft wear at two speeds of 500 and 1400 rpm. A microphone was installed on the electric motor to record data. After data acquisition, signal processing and statistical analysis, the best characteristics were selected by PCA method and then the data were clustered by machine learning method and K mean algorithm. These features used in the ANFIS modeling process were common features selected in both electromotor speed situations. After evaluating the models, the best model had the highest accuracy value of 96.82%. The average accuracy was 96.71% for overall fault classification. The results showed that the analysis of acoustic signals and modeling process can be used to diagnose electromotor defects by machine learning method. Based on the obtained results, condition monitoring of the electromotor through acoustic analysis reduces its stop and continues its work process in the industry. The repair costs of the electromotor are reduced by its proper condition monitoring.

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Although cement stabilization is used extensively to modify the soft clays, it may show limited success in some applications. Hence, this paper presents a multiscale investigation on the viability of employing zeolite and fiber to enhance the durability of cement treated soil against the freezing-thawing (F-T) cycles. In so doing, a wide range (0 to 30%) of additives including sole cement and cement-zeolite mixture (CZ) with different cement replacement were separately added to a soft soil sample and then mixed with the optimal fiber content of 0.75% (by weight), which was determined by the indirect tensile strength test. A set of experiments at various curing days (up to 90 days) were performed to study the mechanical and microstructural changes of the stabilized soils. The results indicated that while a low level of cement can modify the geo-mechanical parameters of soil sample, the compressive strength of cemented soil could decay up to 60% when the specimens exposure to the successive F-T cycles. Such changes may be ascribe to the F-T-induced particles rearrangement and degradation of the cementation structure-bonding, forming many new voids and cracks subsequently decreasing the interlocking of matrix. As a result, to get the strength guidelines threshold and make the composite water proofing a high dosage of sole cement and a long time of curing (at least 28-day) are needed, which may be uneconomical and lade to the brittle behavior. Adding zeolite (≤ 25% proportion) to supplant part of cement could effectively enhance the engineering properties of cement-mixed soil, due to an increase in the cementitious products [e.g. Calcium-aluminate-hydrate (CAH) and Calcium-silicate-hydrate (CSH)] induced by the pozzolanic activity, subsequent reduction of the inter pore-spaces and eventually a more compacted microstructure, as confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. It should be emphasized that the zeolite/cement ratio is a very influential factor on the behavior of cement-zeolite mixture. Therefore, the cemented soil mixes with Z_opt showed a further (up to 1.3 folds) resistance relative to the mere cemented soil as well as a greater tensile strength; however, the binary system was still vulnerable under the F-T action. In this case, the insertion of fiber could significantly enhance the soil durability (decrease the degree of damage by an average value of 50%), which was more evident at the small binder dosage and early stage of curing time. Incorporating fiber into the system also led to a higher tensile strength (nearly 1.5 times) than those deduced from the stabilization alone. Moreover, this strategy was effective to overcome the brittle nature of stabilized mixes, resulting an increase the post-strength up to 270%. These observations can be justified by the extended cementing gels formation and the enhanced interlocking of matrix through the CZ-fiber application. Overall, the combination of CZ blend and fiber can be considered as an effective technique for the soft soil modification with the fact that triggered a prominent reduction (~ 30%) in the needed amount of cement an time of curing (up to 3 folds) for the successful treatment against the F-T cycles.

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Electrokinetic (EK) remediation is a very effective option for the soil decontamination; however, its efficiency depends on several factors. In the present study, the ability of Ethylene-diaminete-traacetic-acid (EDTA) and pulse current to improve this method for treating fine-grained soils containing heavy metals (HMs) was investigated. In so doing, first, the studied sample (mainly kaolinite) was mixed with a concentration of 5000 mg/kg zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) and then subjected to an electrokinetic test with voltage gradient of 2 V(DC)/cm² (in the form of continuous current and pulse) under 7, 14 and 28 days. The pulse current used was ON for 30 minutes and OFF for 10 minutes. In this process, different concentrations of EDTA (including a concentration of 0.1 M and 0.2 M) were also added to the anode and cathode reservoirs, separately and simultaneously. The obtained results showed that in the conditions of continuous current and without EDTA addtion (the common EK method), the EK removal efficiency, especially for lead, was not noticeable. According to the changes in the microstructure of soil sample and its electrical conductivity (EC) between the anode and the cathode electrodes, the reason can be ascribed to the decrease in current density due to precipitation of pollutants in the soil matrix and decresing the HMs transportation in the cathode side, as clearly confirmed by the XRD patterns and EC tests. In this case, increasing the test time from 7 to 28 days (despite more energy consumption) mainly caused the change of the pollution position in the around of anode side and the HMs removal in the cathode side is not enhanced, indicating that there is a limited effect (about 20%) on the total efficiency of the EK tests. It was found that the addition of EDTA only in the form of catholyte solution, even with the equivalent concentration of soil pollution, has a low effect on improving the electrokinetic response. On the other hand, the presence of the chelating agent in both reservoirs of the EK device, especially by applying the pulse current (with a frequency equal to 36 cycles/day) accelerates the treating process of EK remediation. In fact, as the results of macro-structural tests, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses indicated, such improvement can be attributed to two major changes in soil-pollutant interaction. First of all, the presented EK method, by developing the penetration of the acid front towards the cathode side and limiting the polarization ability of clay particles, causes the formation of flocculation and reduces the soil ability to keep pollutants. Also, this system greatly reduces the contribution of insoluble phases through the processes of redissolution and formation of the stable complexes as well as generates a disturbance in the initial formation of metal precipitation due to the reduction in the hydrolysis reaction of the cathode part. Synergy of these changes has an prominent role in accelerating the EK mechanisms; so that compared to the conventional EK model, while reducing energy consumption by 25%, it can also increase the removal efficiency by nearly 2.6 times.