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Showing 3 results for Jenil Dhas
Volume 9, Issue 1 (Winter 2023)
Abstract
Backgrounds: This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and clinical profile of thromboembolic disease in COVID-19 patients and analyze its association with D-dimer and Interleukin (IL)-6 levels.
Materials & Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study conducted by analyzing data obtained from the case records of COVID-19 confirmed patients with thromboembolic manifestations in India during January 2020 to February 2022. Patients with conditions such as malignancy, prothrombotic states, and autoimmune diseases were excluded from the analysis. D-dimer and IL-6 levels and thrombotic events were analyzed along with comorbid conditions like diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Chi-square tests were used to evaluate the association of various thrombotic manifestations with D-dimer and IL-6 levels. A p-value of ≤ .05 was considered statistically significant.
Findings: The mean age of 88 COVID-19 confirmed cases with thrombotic manifestations was 61.01±15.23 years, and the majority (62.5%) of the cases were male. D-dimer and IL-6 levels were elevated in 78.41 and 80.68% of the cases, respectively. The predominant thrombotic manifestation was pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) (48.86%), followed by acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (36.36%), cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (22.73%), etc. There was no significant association between various thrombotic manifestations and D-dimer and IL-6 levels.
Conclusion: PTE was the predominant thromboembolic manifestation in COVID-19 patients in the current cohort. Elevated D-dimer and IL-6 levels though found in the majority of the patients were not associated with thrombotic events. However, early recognition and treatment could reduce morbidity in COVID-19 patients.
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to compare the clinical outcome as well as laboratory and clinical profiles of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with and without diabetes.
Materials & Methods: The present study is a retrospective study that included 266 non-diabetic and 259 diabetic patients who were admitted to a tertiary healthcare center in South India between March 2021 to April 2021.The objective of the study was to compare the clinical outcome and laboratory profiles of COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes. Patients aged 18 years or above, diagnosed with COVID-19 by either RT-PCR and/or HRCT chest as well as diagnosed to be diabetic or non-diabetic were included in the study. After observing inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study included patients whose medical records were scrutinized, and data was analyzed using SPSS v 28.0 and the continuous variables were expressed in mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum value. The categorical variables are expressed in frequency and percentage. Comparison was done using binomial test and Mann-Whitney U test while association was tested using Fischer exact test.
Findings: Primary outcomes show that higher number of patients with diabetes (84.94%) presented with abnormal Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and this difference was found to a statistically significant (p<0.001). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity among both diabetic (46.72%) and non-diabetic (33.52%) patients and it was shown to be associated with clinical outcome and oxygen requirement (p<0.001). A significant difference was observed in the mean score of age, total count, IL-6 and number of days admitted between COVID-19 subjects of both groups with the mean being higher in the group of patients with diabetes (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of the present study reinforce available evidence that IL-6 levels can be used to ascertain progression, morbidity, and mortality to ensure proper management of COVID-19 patients and that diabetes state results in higher total count, IL-6 and number of days admitted.
Volume 10, Issue 1 (Winter 2024)
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and D-dimer and their association with morbidity and mortality in elderly coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients and to assess their clinical outcomes.
Materials & Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted on elderly COVID-19 patients (≥60 years) diagnosed via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or radiological tests in a South Indian tertiary care hospital. Data encompassed demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, IL-6 and D-dimer levels, oxygen (O2) requirement, duration of hospital stay, and outcomes. Statistical analysis involved Chi-square test. A p-value of < .05 was considered statistically significant.
Findings: Among 1448 screened patients, 1380 patients with a mean age of 68.85±6.985 years were included in this study, of whom 61.67% were male. The mortality rate was 12.1% in males and 11% in females. Fever, cough, hypertension, and diabetes were common in most of the patients. The mean D-dimer and IL-6 levels were 2.687±5.189 mg/L fibrinogen equivalent units (FEU) and 95.72±335.62 pg/mL, respectively. Elevated D-dimer (71%) and IL-6 (87.7%) levels were significantly associated with oxygen requirement, morbidity, and mortality (p= .000). Sub-group analysis revealed a significant association between D-dimer and IL-6 levels and O2 requirement and mortality in diabetic and hypertensive patients (p= .000).
Conclusion: Serum IL-6 and D-dimer levels are significantly associated with morbidity and mortality in elderly COVID-19 patients. Elevated levels of these biomarkers also influence O2 requirement and mortality in patients with comorbidities, suggesting their potential use in risk stratification and management strategies for this vulnerable population.
