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Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wires are currently employed in robotics as actuators of prosthetic limbs and medical equipment due to advantages such as reducing the size in the application, high power-to-weight ratio and elimination of complex transmission systems. In this paper, a fuzzy control system has been designed and implemented for an artificial finger using the SMA actuators. This robotic finger has been designed and modeled with three revolute joints and three SMA wires as the tendon in order to adduction each phalange of the finger and torsional springs to restore them to their original positions. The dynamic model of the finger has been simulated in MATLAB/Simulation. Based on the simulation results, optimal choice of parameters and system features has been obtained and a prototype of finger has been built and tested. Gains of the controllers are set so that the current applied to SMA wires has minimum overshoot and the output of the system has minimal time to achieve stability. The comparison between the simulation results and the actual measured data show that the simulated model is accurate.

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Determination of the optimum product components that would provide all actors is essential for agricultural products. Examining the most desired product characteristics for potatoes within the domestic market to contribute welfare and sustainability of a market-oriented agricultural production is of great importance for producers, intermediaries, and the community. In the present study, 3072 cross-sectional data acquired from consumers via face-to-face survey was used to determine optimum potato characteristics utilizing a multivariate Conjoint Analysis. It was found that potato has been consumed in fresh form in the domestic market. The factors affecting purchasing decision appeared to be 22.20% price, 20.22% sales point, 15.07% crust type, 22.13% crust color, and 13.23% view and package. The optimum product component scenario with a maximum utility value of 2.990 for the consumer at the community level was composed of the sales channels: local street market, price level: low (suitable), crust type: thin, crust color: yellow, view and product supply: 3 kg net, and scaling, and service: necessary. With the optimum product component set developed in the study, a market-oriented production model was determined for potatoes. Directing production within the determined scenario was considered a new way to assure sustainability of consumer and producer satisfaction and to solve market-related problems.

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With the increasing world population, global warming, and climate change, water scarcity significantly limits water use in crop production. Therefore, timely and accurate determination of water stress is very important for the correct and effective management of existing water resources and minimizing harmful effects on crop production. Two years of experiments were conducted in the water-limited region in Türkiye to investigate the possible use of the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) as a remote sensing technology in sugar beet irrigation scheduling. Four different Irrigation levels (I₅₀: 50% deficit, I₇₅: 25% deficit, I₁₀₀: full irrigation, and I₁₂₅: 25% excess irrigation) were applied to sugar beet by drip irrigation system. The amount of applied irrigation water and crop evapotranspiration varied between 238-540 and 350-580 mm in 2021, and between 324-807 and 502-829 mm in 2022. In both years, the highest beed yields were obtained from I₁₀₀ treatments (83 and 130 t ha^-1) and the lowest from I₅₀ treatments (66.7 and 67.4 t ha^-1). Water Productivity (WP) and Irrigation Water Productivity (IWP) in both years decreased significantly by excessive irrigation. CWSI values ranged between 0.16-0.98 in 2021 and between 0.02-0.71 in 2022. CWSI was significantly related to yield and Leaf Area Index (LAI). According to the results, CWSI could be used successfully in sugar beet irrigation scheduling and yield estimation.