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Problem statement: Due to the increase in population and lack of land to provide services to city dwellers, high-rise architecture became popular, but most of these high-rise buildings were built without regard to citizens' perceptions, which created problems in this regard.
Aim: The purpose of this study is assess the impact of tall buildings on residents' perceptions in the central context Tabriz from a physical-semantic perspective.                                                                   Methods: The present study is descriptive-analytical survey. The statistical population included the population of the central part of Tabriz equal to 29384 people and the sample size was obtained through Cochran's formula equal to 379 people. Structural equation method through Smart PLS and Amos software was used to analyze the data.                                                                                                                                                 Results: The results showed that among the components of the impact of tall buildings on the perception of residents of the central part of Tabriz, the component of desirability of using high-rise buildings for residential use with a factor load of 0.951 has the greatest impact on residents' perception (physical-semantic) It has the central texture Tabriz and its lowest is related to the component of feeling happy in the face of high-rise buildings with a factor load of 0.615.                                                                                                Conclusion: The design of tall buildings should be designed with full knowledge of the needs and desires of the residents of the central part Tabriz, because they are real consumers and their understanding of their living environment and facilities provided a very important role in their satisfaction and comfort. It has a living environment.
 

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The role of sports sociology is to explain and better understand the phenomenon of sports and its function. There are many researches in the field of sports sociology in Iran. But, a general look at these researches' status, findings, and approaches is needed. This study was conducted with the aim of a systematic review of sports sociology research in Iran. The research method was qualitative and developmental. This research, as a secondary study, has been done with a systematic review approach. The research sample consisted of 19 articles published in domestic scientific research journals between 1390 and 1400, which were extracted from "Noormags," "Magiran," "SID," and "Ensani" databases. The research results showed that the conducted studies can be categorized in the two general categories of social function of sports in 28 subcategories and social participation of sports in 119 subcategories. The subcategories such as social order, social cohesion, aggression, abnormal behavior, moral behavior, social policy, social trust, and hooliganism can be classified under a more general category called the social function of sports. Also, subcategories such as culturing sports for all, sports participation of women based on gender norms, sports participation of the disabled, participation in sports activities of women and men, social consequences of participation in sports, sports participation of the elderlies are categorized in the concept of "social participation in sports." The most important research gap observed in the studies of the sociology of sports is related to the field of cultural behaviors, including the cultural behaviors of spectators, such as slogans and activities of spectators in sports venues.
 

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Relying on the psychological theories of Ibn Sina and Mulla Sadra, this argument examines the movement of the human soul in two stages: “when the soul is connected to the natural body” and “after its separation from the natural body”. By demonstrating the possibility of movement in the immaterial soul, it is also possible to prove and explain the movement of other non-material beings. When the soul is connected to the natural body, the unified human soul can move and change independently of the power and matter within the body. This independence suggests that other non-material beings can also undergo movement without reliance on matter. However, after the soul is separated from the material body, Ibn Sina considers the possibility of the soul’s evolutionary movement but lacks sufficient grounds to prove it. In contrast, Mulla Sadra explicitly denies the evolution of the soul in the intermediate state but provides psychological foundations that support the possibility of the soul's evolution. These same principles can also demonstrate and explain the movement of other immaterial beings.
 

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Aims: Despite the vast global vaccination programs against the HBV infection, millions of people are chronic HBV carriers worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the distribution of different clinical forms of Hepatitis B infection among HBV infected patients to find the frequency of people at risk of developed liver diseases in Isfahan province.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 600 HBV infected patients admitted to Al-Zahra hospital in Isfahan from March 2017 to March 2018. Based on the virological markers, HBV infection in participants was categorized into four clinical forms including post-infection immunity, acute hepatitis, asymptomatic carrier state, and chronic active hepatitis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for screening HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg, anti-HBe, and viral DNA in serum samples.
Findings: In this study, 308 (51.3%) females and 292 (47.7%) males with HBV infection and the mean age of 39 years were participated, of whom 189 (31.5%), 172 (28.7%), 138 (23%), and 101 (16.8%) participants were found to be in the post-infection immunity, acute hepatitis, asymptomatic carrier state (inactive carrier), and chronic active hepatitis forms of HBV infection, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of this study highlighted the high prevalence of asymptomatic carrier and chronic active hepatitis forms of HBV infection in 20-40 year old patients.  Extensive measurements are needed to determine the prevalence of these two mentioned forms of HBV infection in all provinces of Iran in order to control the economic and life burden of disease in people not covered by the infant vaccination programs in Iran.

 

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Backgrounds: This study aimed to assess antibacterial properties of Artemisia scoparia, Titanium dioxide nanoparticles, and their synergistic effect on clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia.
Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 30 isolates of K. pneumonia were collected from patients’ sputum in the microbiology lab of Masih Daneshvari hospital during 3 months. Then biochemical tests were performed for strain confirming. Moreover, genomic DNA was extracted from all the isolates, and hly gene was detected in the isolates via PCR method. The susceptibility of the isolates to 10 antibiotics was evaluated by the disk diffusion method. Then minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of all components (Artemisia extract, TiO2, and their combination) was assessed using the microdilution method against the isolates.
Findings: The results indicated that simultaneous use of hydro-alcoholic extract of A. scoparia and titanium dioxide nanoparticles exhibited a significant synergistic antibacterial effect on 25 clinical isolates in comparison with the use of extract or nanoparticles alone.
Conclusion: It seems that simultaneous use of Artemisia herbal extracts and nanoparticles is beneficial in increasing their antibacterial effect and may decrease antibiotics consumption.

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Backgrounds: This study was conducted with the aim of isolation and molecular identification of Streptomyces spp. producing antibacterial compounds from Iranian soil.
Materials & Methods: In this study, 50 soil samples were collected from different areas of Sanandaj city. Soil samples were cultured on starch casein media. Streptomyces species were characterized using morphological and biochemical assays. Molecular identification was performed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using perpendicular streak and agar well diffusion methods.
Findings: To identify active Streptomyces strains in terms of producing antibacterial agents, screening was performed in two stages. Among 20 Streptomyces strains isolated from soil samples, six isolates were selected in the primary screening stage based on their ability to limit the growth of pathogens. Of the two solvents used in the secondary screening stage, ethyl acetate was the most suitable solvent for extracting effective metabolites of Streptomyces. Among the six isolates selected based on their antimicrobial activity, two isolates with the highest antibacterial activity were selected for the sequencing process. By analyzing the dendrogram and the data obtained from the NCBI database, it was found that one isolate (Yellow 4A) was 98% similar to S. fradiae, and the other isolate (Green 4A)  was 98% similar to S. coelicolor.
Conclusion: The use of proper strategies to identify potential new Streptomyces species with antibacterial properties may bring a bright future in the treatment of resistant pathogens. However, more studies are required to detect active metabolites of the mentioned isolates.

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Objectives: The idiopathic minimal change nephritic syndrome (nephrosis) is responsible in 80% of nephritic syndromes in children. It is a clinical entity characterized by inter and outer renal parameters. Main factor in glomerolar damages is proteinuria and the role of IgE is possible. Aim: In this research, serum IgE concentrations were measured in children with nephrosis in three stages: Relapse, Remission in treatment with steroids, Remissions after treatment with steroids. Materials and methods: Study was done on children under 16 years old that suffered from nephrosis. They treated with Prednisolone. Serum IgE concentrations were measured by ELISA technique. Results: Average Concentration of serum IgE in the relapse phase was 274.8 Iu/ml (SD=14.6); It was in the remission with steroids treatments 179.59 Iu/ml (SD= 14.82) and it was 234. 9 Iu/ml (SD=14.58) in the remission phase after treatment with steroids. Conclusion: In some cases IgE is significantly reduced after steroid treatment therefore it seems possible that allergic agents can trigger or increase the disease. Serum IgE concentration was not a main factor in nephritic syndrome.

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Abstract The complex three-dimensional flow characteristics in river bends necessitates the use of a three-dimensional numerical model. The numerical model used in this paper is called SSIIM (Sediment Simulation In Intakes with Multiblock option).The 3D model already has showed satisfactory results in related applications. In this study, SSIIM is applied to study the variation of channel bed under steady flows in a 180 mild curved open-channel with sandy bed. Bed roughness was calibrated to ks  4.5 d90  6.25d50 . Comparison of results showed good agreement between the computed and measured bed topography. The model simulated both the point bars near the inner bank and the scour holes near the outer bank. In addition, the positions of these phenomena are in fair agreement with the measured data. Numerical results show some dependencies on the grid size. In addition, deviations of model from the experimental data as well as uncertainties in numerical modeling are discussed.

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The goal of facial animation is to synthesize realistic facial animated images using computer graphics. Because of its capability in creating facial animated images using a few amount of information, facial animation using feature vectors was extensively studied in recent years. In general, this method is considered as one of the performance-driven facial animation base methods. In this regard, facial feature vectors, which reflect rigid and non-rigid movements of the face, are extracted using facial analysis methods. These feature vectors are then used for transferring the facial movements to a graphical model. Our approach in this paper is merging keyframing and facial animation using feature vectors. Using this method, the amount of the submitted information is decreased to about 30%; while the synthesized sequences have 4.95% mean squared error and 0.000629 difference of correlation relative to input sequences. This error is negligible compared to the error of synthesized sequences without using interpolation.

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There are different methods of reconstructing hydrologic data. Depending on the conditions of the station a particular method can produce the best results. Generally, in order to estimate the lost data in a station and its surrounding stations, hydrologic, climatologic and/or physiolographic similarities are used. Recently, the fuzzy regression method has been used to reconstract the hydrologic data. In this research, the efficiency of this method in reconstructing the montly discharge data of hydrometric stations in comparison to other methods was investigated. The credited omission method was used in this investigation, then by omitting the observed data deliberately, their values were estimated using the different methods. Afterwards, by the use of the statistical index of root mean squared error (RMSE) the best method of reconstruction was determined. The results showed that the best methods of reconstructing monthly discharge data for the hydrometric stations in the great Karoon River basin in order of accuracy are artificial neural network, simple linear regression, multiple linear regression, normal ratio, fuzzy regression, autoregresive and graphical methods.

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Rice bran sterols have antioxidant activity as well as physiological and biological effects. Because of these benefits, the aim of this study is evaluating the quantity and quality of Iranian rice bran sterols. Three widespread Iranian rice cultivars (Khazar, Hashemi, and Alikazemi) were used for determination of their sterol contents. Two methods of sample preparation were compared and the better one was used in this work. Rice bran samples were saponified directly after acid hydrolysis. Unsaponified materials were extracted, purified by solid phase extraction, silylated, and their sterol fractions determined by GC-MS. The sterol composition (in mg kg-1 bran) of three cultivars (Khazar, Alikazemi, and Hashemi) were 1,330.69, 1,279.95, 1,313.17 β-sitosterol; 747.52, 696.05, 756.8 campesterol; 112.8, 115.36, 114.24 Δ-5-avenasterol, 38.912, 33.08, 38.24 Δ-7-avenasterol; 8.05, 7.07, 7.56c holesterol; 4.20, 3.99, 4.23 brassicasterol; and 2,722.016, 2,706.176, 2,717.68 total sterols, respectively. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the individual and total sterol contents of these three cultivars (P> 0.05), except campesterol, β-sitosterol, and Δ-7-avenasterol. The highest and lowest sterols were ß-sitosterol and campesterol.

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In certain applications, it is improtant to measure the mechanical properties of steel with high accuracy. These properties are usually measured by destructive methods. However, the small changes made during heat treatment processes are not usually detectable by destructive methods. Ultrasonic non destructive testing is an alternative method that can be used for measuring the mechanical properties of steels. In this paper, the ultrasonic method has been used for measurement of meachanical properties of AISI D6 steel samples processed by various heat treatment processes. Each sample has a differnet micro stucture and hardness due to its specific heat treatment. To find the meachanical properties, the velocity of longitudinal and shear ultrasonic waves were measured for each sample. Comparison of the results obtained from ultrasonic measurements with those available in reference tables shows that the ultrasonic non destructive method can measure the elastic properties of AISI D6 samples with high accuracy.

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Abstract- This research develops a Lamb wave technique to determine the dispersion curves of a two layered bonded component: an aluminum sheet attached to a composite layer by means of a cohesive. A commercial finite element code (ABAQUS Explicit) is used to determine the dispersion curves of the Aluminum-cohesive-composite multilayer component. The finite element model includes three plain strain layers that the middle one is cohesive. Then a lamb wave is propagated in the model and some output signals are received. The dispersion curves are obtained by using 2D Fourier transformation of finite element model output signals. In addition, to produce various modes, experiments are carried out on a composite-aluminum assembly using two 2 MHz variable angle transducers. Comparison of modes obtained from finite element method and experiments shows that group velocities are almost identical. Hence, good agreement between finite element method results and experimental results indicates that finite element is reasonably accurate for determination of dispersion curves.

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Raw cane sugar is the one of the most important products in sugar industry. Quality characteristics of raw sugar are the main influence factor in type and quality of refined sugars.  The purpose of this research was to find agrrement between the CIE color coordinates and certain quality parameters of various imported raw cane sugar samples. The spectral reflectance of such raw sugar samples were determined with the aid of a spectrophotoradiometer in the range 380 to 780 nm and were then converted to their corresponding CIE color coordinates. The correlation between such color coordinate values and certain quality parameters of samples such as; ash content, sucrose, invert sugar, color solution, pH, starch, dextran content, moisture and refractive index were determined. Results show good to very good correlations between some quality parameters such as starch content, ash content and color solution and various CIE color coordinates values such as L^* , a^*, b^*, C^*, h, X, Y, Z, x, y and Y.I.

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Measurement of wave velocity in materials is very important.It has applications in ultrasonic thickness gauging as well as estimating the elastic constants of materials. In this paper, it is intended to improve the accuracy of wave velocity measurements by signal processing techniques. For this purpose, the SAGE algorithm, which is a model-based estimation technique, is implemented. Using SAGE, the overlapping echoes are separated and consequently the time-delay between these echoes is estimated more accurately. The signal processing scheme reduces the adverse effects of noise too. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, an AISI 4140 steel block with four steps of thicknesses 10, 15, 20, and 25 mm was tested by the immersion ultrasonic testing technique. The time-delaybetween echoes obtained from each step was measured fifty times and by averaging these measurements, the actual time-delay and its uncertainty were estimated. The thickness of the block at each step was also measured by a micrometer. Using the time-delay and thickness data, the wave velocity and its uncertainty were estimated for each of the four thicknesses. The results shows that this technique can reduce the uncertainty of wave velocity measurements significantly.