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This study explores teachers’ readiness to implement generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in their teaching and learning processes, alongside the benefits and challenges related to its utilizations in the Omani context. The data analysis process involved analyzing responses from the 5-point Likert scale questionnaire using descriptive statistics. A sample of 61 teachers with different qualifications from different educational institutions in the Sultanate of Oman participated in the study. The findings revealed that teachers had a positive level of readiness to implement GenAI, highlighting a spectrum of readiness levels, such as attending training sessions about GenAI, and a significant willingness of utilizing GenAI tools in their classes. On the other hand, teachers reported a positive benefit and experience in improving their teaching, stating that GenAI enables them to save their time, improves their teaching experience and job satisfaction, and offers them adaptive learning and instant feedback. However, findings revealed number of challenges for teachers such as a lack of awareness about policies and ethics in implementing GenAI tools, and their cost. Moreover, teachers indicated a moderate concern regarding the challenges of integrating GenAI tools into their teaching practices. Based on the findings, the study provides significant insight for teachers, policymakers, and syllabi designers, stressing the significant importance of preparing teachers to efficiently integrate GenAI in their pedagogical duties to make the most educational potential while mitigating related risks.

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This paper reviews the research on taxonomy of the Trombidioidea in Iran, with an updated checklist of 32 species (+5 undetermined species) belonging to five families and 22 genera. Among them, 27 species (+1 undetermined species) are reported based on larvae only, three undetermined species based on adults only, and six species based on both larval and post-larval stages. Also, 14 species (+3 undetermined species) and 10 genera belonging to the family Trombidiidae, one undetermined species belonging to the family Podothrombiidae, 13 species (+1 undetermined species) and seven genera belonging to the family Microtrombidiidae, three species, three genera belonging to the family Neothrombiidae and two species and one genus belonging to the family Achaemenothrombiidae. Major contributions to the Iranian fauna of the Trombidioidea were made by Alireza Saboori and his colleagues, and Zhi-Qiang Zhang. There have been some studies on the biology and the application of the Trombidioidea in biological control in Iran.

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The genus Conophorus Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Bombyliidae: Conophorini) was studied in the north and northwestern parts of Iran. Three species of the genus Conophorus were identified; two of them are recorded for the first time from Iran, namely: C. pseudaduncus Paramonov, 1929 and C. rjabovi Paramonov, 1929, in addition to C. glaucescens (Loew, 1863), which was previously recorded in Iran. Morphological characters, geographical distributions, and an identification key for the three collected species are provided.

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During a study on fauna of the frit flies (Diptera: Chloropidae) in Khorasan Razavi province (Iran) in 2014 and 2015, nine species of six genera were collected and identified. Platycephala rugosa (Nartshuk, 1964) is recorded for the first time for Iranian fauna. Geographical distribution and biological notes are provided.

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Rotating machines in particular induction electrical machines are important industry instruments. In manufacturing, electrical motors are exposed to many damages, and this causes stators and rotors not to work correctly. In this paper we addressed modal analysis and an intelligent method to detect motor load condition and also the stator faults such as turn-to-turn and coil-to-coil faults using motor vibration analysis. A three-phase induction motor with a special winding was used to create the faults artificially. The vibration signal of motor in different states such as working without fault, with various faults and with various loads was acquired. Some spectral analysis was done using the spectrum and the spectrograph of vibration signals and differences due to different states of motor were observed. Suitable features such as Linear Prediction Cepstral Coefficients and Fourier Transform Filter Bank Coefficients were extracted from vibration signals and were then applied to non-supervised (SOM) and supervised (LVQ) neural networks in order to classify motor faults and its load condition. Many experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of neural network type, type and length of feature vector, length of training signal etc. In brief, using SOM and LVQ neural networks, 20 element Filter Bank feature vectors, and 600ms of the training data, performance of 93.6% and 94.2% were obtained for load and fault detection respectively.

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Entering any new technology to communities, puts a significant impact on the lives of people. Although technology is not inherently good or bad, but there is some damage that happens just by entering the technology. One damage in connection with internet is the excessive use of the internet or “internet addiction” thatis to be addressed in this paper. Excessive and obsessed use of internet causes psychological, social, academic and occupational problems to gather with physical problems such as eye pain, back pain, changes in sleeping and eating patterns,all of which are defined as “internet addiction”. The sample for this study includes all users in the cafenets of ShahinShahr, Esfahan (Iran), in the winter 2009 that have used Internet. The data needed for research questions were collected interview with 170 of users. For gathering the basic information of research, the Young Questionnaire IAS was used. The results showed that 4 persons (2.3%) got scores above 80 (sever addiction), 46 persons (27.5 %), had average addiction and 120 persons (70.58%) had scores lower than 50 and (normal users). There was a relationship between the excessive use of the Internet and satisfying the needs. Now the subject of “Internet addiction” in society is normal but it is expected that the second group (the average addiction) moves to serious addiction.

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Aim: Pediatric sleep problems can result in negative consequences for both mothers and children. Considering the relatively high prevalence of sleep disorders among children with ADHD (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), this study was designed to investigate the impact of a sleep hygiene intervention to promote sleep problems in children with ADHD and maternal mental health.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 62 children aged 7-13 years with the diagnosis of ADHD and comorbid sleep disorders accompanied by their mothers. Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) were completed by the children's mothers, and then the participants were allocated randomly into experimental and control groups. Mothers of the children in the experimental group received a sleep hygiene educational intervention, which was delivered through a training session and a booklet followed by two telephone calls and educational text messages. Participants in the control group received usual clinical care. The post-test was performed two months after intervention.
Findings: 56 participants (experimental group: n=28, control group: n=28) completed the survey. Data analysis showed that, compared with the control group, the experimental group had a significant reduction in mean scores of CSHQ (P=0.001) and stress subscale scores (F= 0.106, P= 0/015), after controlling pre-test. Besides, the mothers' stress was correlated with the children's CSHQ overall scores (r= 0.52, P= 0.001).
Conclusion: Implementing a sleep hygiene intervention in a sample of children with ADHD could result in improved children sleep problems and maternal well-being.

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The genus Exoprosopa Macqurt, 1840 (Diptera: Bombyliidae: Anthracinae) was studied in the north central Iran. Four species of the genus Exoprosopa were identified of which E. minos (Meigen,1804) and E. grandis (Pallas, 1818) were previously recorded from northern parts of Iran ( or north of Iran ) and two species namely E. efflatounbeyi Paramonov, 1928and E. altaica Paramonov, 1925 are newly recorded from Iran. A key to the species in north central Iran is provided. Morphological diagnostic characters and geographical distribution of the collected species are briefly discussed.    

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The effect of a probiotic containing five species of bacilli at four levels of 0 (control), 1×10⁶CFU/ml (T₁), 1×10⁷ CFU/ml (T ₂) and 1×10⁸CFU/ml (T ₃) per 100g of feed on the growth performances, resistance and survival of rainbow trout fry, Oncorhynchus mykiss (463±32 mg) were compared in a  60-days feeding trial. Growth parameters, such as ADG, SGR, RGR and TGC, were significantly enhanced (p<0.05) by the probiotic at all levels, and the performance in T₂ was significantly better than T₁. The fish under the probiotic treatments also showed higher resistance (p<0.05) to such Environmental stresses as alkaline pH, heat and ammonia (p<0.05). No significant difference in tolerance to acidic pH stress was observed between the control and treatments. In conclusion, the probiotic bacillus highly increased the growth performances, feeding efficiency, resistance and survival in rainbow trout fry.

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The genus and species, Sinuothrips hasta Collins, was identified based on specimens of both sexes collected from Phragmites and an unkown species of Asteraceae in Fars province. This genus is known previously only from England, Turkey and China. A brief diagnostic characters for the genus and species is provided and illustrated.
 

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Research subject: Magnesium ethoxide is a metal alkoxide used as a support for preparation of Ziegler-Natta catalyst. This important material which is used in HDPE production plants is not produced in Iran. It forms a complex with the catalyst that results in increase of the number of the reacting transition metal atoms inside it. Therefore the catalyst activity increases. The chemical reaction between magnesium and ethanol, in presence of iodine, results in magnesium ethoxide production.
Research approach: In this work, by performing analyses such as thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), BET and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the effects of reaction conditions such as iodine/magnesium, ethanol/magnesium, temperature and mixer speed on morphology and characteristics of magnesium ethoxide were investigated.
Main results: By using Iodine, proper morphology of product was obtained. The mixer rotation speed didn't affect the reaction time. The particle size of the product was dependent on the magnesium amount and particle size and mixer speed. Increasing the rotation speed of the mixer at high amount of magnesium (low ethanol/magnesium) led to more collision of the particles and therefore finer product particles. Reaction at temperatures as low as 60 ^ₒC led to formation of fine particles with undesirable flake-like morphology. Magnesium with two average particle sizes (420 and 840μm) was used. It was shown that synthesis with magnesium of 840 μm(FW40) led to a sample similar to the commercial one with appropriate specific surface area. Lowering the temperature from 110 to 100 ^ₒC and reflux of ethanol at boiling point resulted in higher specific surface area.
 

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The single-use vocabulary in comparison to other vocabulary in the Holy Qur'an requires more precision in translating, because there are no other explanatory options in other verses and this lack of the same verse has made it difficult for them to translate. The verb "Nashata" is one of the single-use vocabulary in the Holy Qur'an mentioned only in verse 2 of the surah "Nazeaat". It seems that the translators in dealing with this word have been made different types of translations and have different voices.The present paper aims at analyzing the data and choosing the best translation, by classifying the approaches of translators and analyzing the Qur'anic data, to examine and critique the semantic forms presented by them to answer finally to this question that which translation is eventually has more credibility and is more reliable?
The result of this study is as follows: The translators have used three methods (literal, loyal and interpretive) in the translation of this verse, but, in fact, no one has been succeeded in complying with all the rules contained in the truth of the word, and consequently, it is necessary to present a corresponding meaning to the truth of the word.

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Students on university campuses constantly encounter a variety of teaching and learning environments in addition to a range of difficulties, such as social and academic demands that are detrimental to their mental and physical well-being. This issue is heightened by the significance of creating healthy and restorative areas in universities to lower stress levels and restore concentration for more effective studying. The present research therefore aims to explore the students’ needs and preferences for restorative areas in the Faculty of Science at Ferdowsi University Campus in Mashhad, as well as to develop a conceptual framework demonstrating key urban design components of a restorative university campus. The present research is qualitative. 33 students from Ferdowsi University`s Faculty of Sciences participated in the structured interviews to collect data, which was then analyzed utilizing a qualitative content analysis of the conducted interviews. The study`s findings demonstrate that, from the students' viewpoint, the university campus environment has been restored through the following qualities: serene and refuge, walkability, high-quality public space, linkage to nature, coherence and extent, compatibility, and sociability. Therefore, there is a spatial component to health, and students` mental restoration can be aided by being in open and semi-open places near natural features like trees, plants, and other qualities of urban design that promote health.
 

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The purpose of this research was to study the efficiency of general Arabic language teaching program in Kerman high schools based on the students’ and teachers’ viewpoints. This study is an applied quantitative method research. The research instruments are two researcher-made questionnaires for measuring the teachers’ and students’ viewpoints. The population involves all male and female Arabic teachers of Kerman city, as well as male and female Mathematics and Science junior high school students of all public high schools of Kerman city. The research sample was selected through stratified random sampling method, and amounted to 30 female Arabic teachers, 30 male Arabic teachers and 236 students. The findings revealed that  Arabic language teaching goal is not consistent with the learners’ and society’s needs; Arabic textbooks’ content does not meet the content selection standards set in curriculum planning; Arabic teachers are not well prepared for Arabic language teaching; Arabic curriculum goals are not met; students’ proficiency in Arabic language skills is disappointing; students’ interest in Arabic language and learning, is moderately low; and finally, students’ acquaintance with Arabic language learning strategies is low. Accordingly, we can conclude that the increase in Arabic language teaching efficiency in schools needs more efforts to prepare the society with positive attitude towards Arabic language and Arab people, and also to change the educational approach to Arabic language teaching/learning in our school system.

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Lipases, as an important enzyme group, are able to catalyze hydrolysis or synthesis of esters.The lipase from pseudomonas fluorescens (E.C.3.1.1.3) is a thermophilic kind of lipases (MW around 33 Kd). In this study, the effect of different concentrations of sorbitol on the activity and conformational stability of Psedomonas fluorescence lipase was evaluated using UV/Vis and Circular Dichroism (CD), respectively. According to the results of thermodynamic studies the 0.6 M concentration of sorbitol was selected for refolding and unfolding kinetic measurements with stopped flow fluorescence apparatus. Kinetics data indicate that unfolding of lipase is performed via two different pathways; one of them is probably involves a synchronous unfolding and dissociation of subunits and the other one comprises a two step unfolding in which the subunits are first dissociated followed by complete unfolding of subunits. We found that more population of protein molecules unfolded with slow phase unfolding pathway when sorbitol is present in the unfolding buffer. Furthermore; refolding kinetics data suggest that in the presence of sorbitol the energy barrier of refolding is reduced.

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Understanding the spatial dynamics of insect distributions provides useful information about their ecological requirements and can also be used in site-specific pest management programs. Interactions between prey and predator are spatially and temporally dynamic and can be affected by several factors. In this study, geostatistics was used to characterize the spatial variability of spotted alfalfa aphid, Therioaphis maculata Buckton and coccinellid lady beetles in alfalfa fields. Global positioning and geographic information systems were used for spatial sampling and mapping the distribution pattern of these insects. This study was conducted in three alfalfa fields with areas of 7.3, 3.1 and 0.5 ha and two growing seasons, 2013 and 2014. The 0.5 ha field was divided into 10 × 10m grids and 3.1 and 7.3 ha fields were divided into 30 × 30m grids. Weekly sampling began when height of alfalfa plants reached about 15cm and was continued until the cuttings of alfalfa hay. For sampling, 40 and 10 stems were chosen randomly in 30 × 30m and 10 × 10m grids, respectively and shaken into a white pan three times. Aphids and coccinellids fallen in the pan were counted and recorded. Semivariance analysis indicated that distribution of T. maculata and coccinellids was aggregated in the fields. Comparison of the distribution maps of aphid and lady beetles indicated that there was an overlap between the maps, but they did not coincide completely. This study revealed that relationship between spotted alfalfa aphid and lady beetles was spatially dynamic. These results can be used in biological control and site-specific management programs of T. maculata.
 

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