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Garden city idea as an important idea had emerged on 19 century. Creating sustainable complexes and having more relationship with natural environment were the main goals which had been defined for this idea. This idea was established in urbanism literature by Howards' research about creating a balance between city and village living; whereas in east, Garden City as a pure idea has had a metaphysic meaning which is used to create earthy paradise since 16th century. Respect and reverence for water and trees is institutionalized in ancient civilizations of Iran. Iranian people respect trees and water, both separately and in composite forms as gardens, which have been a well-known cultural value both before and after Islam. The oldest Persian garden that have been discovered dates back to the Achaemenid Empire and the quadripartite gardens (charbagh) of Pasargadae. By studying about existent historic gardens, Persian Gardens are divided into different types. The way people use special physical and functional features could also be used as a scale of this division. In Persian Garden category, Garden City has been defined as a well-known model for designing particular gardens in city scale. According to this model, gardens have used sacred and soft spaces as a combination of hard and heavenly, for defining body structure and the development of the city textures. In advanced (pre- designed) samples, the entire city has been formed as a big garden; composed of a set of small gardens with many symbolic features, such as pavilions and water ponds, as seen in the Persian Charbagh Garden. During Safavid dynasty, Isfahan, as the largest Persian garden city, had been supported by a green major axis; which is the so called Charbagh that has been remained as a green heritage so far. Gardens and trees were the most important natural and architectural elements in Isfahan's cityscape at that period. These elements usually have been considered as the traditional identity of the garden city; hence their sustainability had a key role in preserving the structures. Therefore, Designers manufactured particular urban infrastructures to provide useful irrigation system. They had to construct the channels that branched off from the central river of Isfahan (Zayandehrood) and made the water accessible all around the city. First section of this paper is about Safavid Garden City origin. This subject was studied from the politics and governance points of views. In the following, Howard's Garden City origin has been studied. It has formed according to the special Utopias, which had relationships with that time's believes. In addition, some principles of Safavid Garden City have been compared to Howard's. The special study has been done about Intellectual origins which have influenced these Garden Cities creation. In conclusion, the comparison of Howard and Safavid Garden Cities shows that these ideas had been developed based on the worldview and vision of creative Iranians during Safavid dynasty and in 19th century. Moreover, the special methods of plantation, the quality of social relationships and economic similarities were the main differences between these two Garden Cities.

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 Statement of Problem: Rural landscapes, as continuing cultural landscapes, represent the natural personality of their community over time, landscapes that change under the influence of cultural and natural currents in their context. Human interaction with nature and the continuity of these landscapes have created several outstanding values in rural landscapes that express tangible and intangible values or in other words, its semantic importance. International documents emphasize the need to develop a conceptual framework and identify these values as a key component in the process of conservation of these landscapes, so that any effort to protect and regenerate rural landscapes, in principle, helps to preserve culture and sustainability of a land.
Aims: To identify and categorize the values of rural landscapes in order to regenerate and sustainably protect such environments and transfer their collective knowledge and cultural meanings to future generations.
Methods: This research first defines the concept of cultural landscape and formulates the conceptual framework and position of rural landscape by reviewing international documents and conventions and examining the views of experts. Then, according to the studies, the values in rural landscapes are classified and explained and finally, a model for regenerating and preserving rural landscapes is presented.
Findings: In this study, the values of rural landscapes divided into two groups: natural and tangible values ​​and cultural and intangible values. Natural and tangible values ​​including environmental, physical, economic and educational values, ​​and cultural and intangibles values include cultural, spiritual, social, and recreational ones. Although in some cases, values ​​are a combination of both, so they are very difficult to refine.
Results: Considering the existing values, a model for recreating and protecting rural landscapes has been presented, which in order to coordinate with the change in the prioritization of these values, it is necessary to pay more attention to their dynamic and multifunctional aspects.

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Objectives: In recent years, the study of the concepts of resilience in different urban areas at different scales has attracted special attention, although the level and number of these studies are very small. Especially in the city of Tehran, which has entered the modern period from traditionl period ,the issue can be considered.
Methods: in the current research , first through library studies in the filed, items related to physical , environmental and social resilience in residential complexes were extracted.then, in these complexes, there are many modes of this type of resilience , which can be achieved by studying and classifying them to the degree of desirability of these complexes. the case study ,studied in this research is kOI No bonyad residential complex, because it is very popular despite the fact that it was built a long time ago .this research is done with interpretive method and in the form of qualitative and quantitative analysis. questionnaire, which was distributed among the residents of this complex to measure the level of physical -environmental and social resilience.
finding: from the findings of this research , it can be seen tha ASP foundation complex(ASP towers)has high level of resilience despite its high construction year.
conclusion: with the investigation done, the patterns used in the complex, which caused its durability , popularity and high resilience , can be used in the design of modern residential complexes so that we can have lasting buildings.

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Problem: The problem addressed in this research is the potential conflict between economic goals in urban branding and the long-term health of urban ecosystems. Specifically, there is concern that focusing solely on economic aspects in urban design may jeopardize the health of the urban ecosystem and lead to severe damage over time.
Target: The primary objective of this research is to develop an urban brand that prioritizes sustainability and enhances the health of the ecosystem within cities. The aim is to provide solutions for maintaining and strengthening social and environmental interactions through landscape design in urban green infrastructures.
Method: The research adopts an applicable-science approach with a descriptive-analytical method. Data collection is primarily library-based, focusing on gathering information about urban green infrastructure, particularly paths and spaces, and their role in fostering sustainability and social and environmental interactions.
Result: Based on the collected information, the research identifies the key components and principles of urban green infrastructure. The two major components are paths and spaces, which form the structure of green infrastructure. Additionally, the research outlines principles such as multi-functionality, communication, synchronization, process-oriented design, and strategic planning as fundamental to the development of sustainable urban branding through landscape design.

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Iran has an arid climate which characterized by long, hot, dry summers and short, cool winters. Therefore, sunlight and its heating effects were important factors of Iranian architecture and gardens structural design. Textures and shapes were selected by architects to harness the light and supply a shadow in the summer.
Water is very important in this climate, both in the architectural design and longevity of gardens. In addition to water, the plants in Iran had been particularly significant. In ancient civilization of Iran, plants have had special position. Supernatural powers that had been in trees such as life-giving, young giving, productivity and Immortality made them sacred for Ancient Iranian people. However, attending to supernatural power of plants was the importance reason that people regarded to plants and made some symbols such as “Life Tree” has income. In Zoroastrian religion books, more values have said about Supernatural cost of plants. Plants have a special value in Zoroastrian Fire Temples, religious ceremony and routine life. Therefore, garden and gardening were sacred for Iranian. The term Zoroastrianism is, in general usage, essentially synonymous with Mazdaism, have discovered dependent on Achaemenids Empire (559–330 BC) and there were in Pasargad. In the Islam tradition the garden as Paradise is, perhaps, even stronger, since the Quran (the central religious text of Islam) describes Heaven as a garden. Islam was spread to the Persians, and reciprocally the Muslims adopted the Persian style of garden. Therefore garden has been invaluable to Iranians. Persian Garden includes some types which one them is Garden City.
Isfahan as the Capital of Safavid Dynasty has designed as a big garden according garden city model. Therefore, some solutions have used in urban design regarding Isfahan's arid climate. Safavid government followed the realization of cities ideal that rooted in Islamic beliefs and opinions. The investigations in historical perspective of Safavid cities indicates the importance of cities as the place for presence of symbols and signs. The Symbols which has remind as the ideological concepts, power of dominating government and also getting identity to the city.
During the history of Safavid urban design, there were some direct and wide streets (Charbagh) which were the main factors of development and improvement of cities among urban functional and symbolic elements. In historical background of Isfahan garden city is pointed to construction of street (Charbagh) which has attracted the European tourists attention and it will investigate in this article.
Initial section of this article is allocated to explain about historical background of Isfahan city in Safavid era and also Charbagh Street. Then this paper with emphasis on some historical documents and analytical studies, compares the Isfahan Charbagh Street with its similar sample in France (Champs-Elysées Street). The conclusion of this article indicates the similarity of Isfahan Charbagh Street and Champs-Elysées Street in some skeletal specifications and the way of formation. French Boulevards were constructed after Isfahan Charbagh in terms of time and they were formed after publishing itineraries and pictures of tourists from this place in Europe .

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Aims:
It is to achieve practical criteria for designing and improving the quality of social behavior settings in accordance with the spatial qualitative values of social behavior settings in neighborhood parks and considering the components affecting the quality of the behavior settings with a holistic approach (objective-subjective) which include objective and subjective criteria which lack of proper attention to them, overshadows the overall function of the park spaces. Based on the Persian garden lessons, it can strengthen social interactions.
Methods:
This study was based on fieldwork with an analytical-descriptive approach. Quantitative analysis tools of indicators include questionnaires and cognitive maps to examine objective and subjective criteria from the landscaping perspective in behavior settings and the objective quality of space is evaluated by the syntactic indicators of space syntax.
Findings:
Findings indicate that among the objective criteria of place in behavior settings of neighborhood parks in the 5th district of Tehran, safety and social activities and also among the subjective components of place, security and sociability in the physical quality of the park have higher priority.
Conclusion:
The results show that People use spatial places that are designed openly and adjacent to active social settings as subjective settings without regard to physical values. Numerical intervals obtained from modeling in the depthmap show the attention of designers to the shape of ground in the design of park and lack of attention to spatial quality of behavioral settings, which is directly related to security and sociability of the park.