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Ozone is a powerful oxidant capable of killing insects and microorganisms and has been used in the food processing industry in the gaseous and aqueous states. In a laboratory study, the susceptibility of immature stages of an important stored-product pest, the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella Hubner to ozonated water was investigated. Ozone was applied in aqueous form at four concentrations (0, 2, 3 and 5 ppm) for four different periods (30, 60, 90 and 120 min) on eggs, larvae and pupae of, P. interpunctella. The results indicated that in all tested stages, the rate of mortality increased with increasing of concentration and exposure time. This study showed that 5-day old larvae were more susceptible than other stages (12-, 17-day old larvae, pupae and eggs) when exposed to 5 ppm ozone for 120 min. Following 5-day old larvae, 12-day old larvae, 17-day old larvae and pupae had the highest sensitivity to ozonation. At the highest concentration of ozone for the longest time, the least mortality rate was recorded for one day old eggs. According to these preliminary results, ozonated water has potential of reducing population density of P. interpunctella, one of the most important pests of dried fruits such as date, almond and pistachio, in storage.

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The narratological approach in studying the fictional narrations structure provides an organized ground and a systematic pattern for analyzing the main elements of the narrative text, i.e. story and text. In the present research, the Do Donya (Two Worlds) is analyzed in a narratological approach and the first hypothesis of the research about the possibility of applying the structural of narratology for the modern fictional narration of Do Donya is tested. The reason for choosing the Do Donya fiction in the matters of deep structure, time, place and focusing is the conflicts and discrepancies which exist between death and life. The results indicate that the narratological approach with its componenets (including story level elements, such as time elements consisting of order, continuation and frequency; place elements consisting of fiction place and text place; characterization covering direct and indirect characterizations (action, speech, visual figure, environment and names deductions); focalization (internal and external); aspects of focalization conceptive, psychological and ideological)); narrating (the narrative levels (metafictional and subfictional), the narrative layers (internal and external)); representation of speech and thought (narration, crucibles (scenario, merely briefed scenario, indirect repetition of content, free indirect speech)) can present a structural analysis of all aspects of the narration of Do Donya story.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of satisfaction and happiness of citizens with parks and urban green space.
Methods: This is a survey study. Six parks were randomly selected among 18 Mashhad large parks. Participants were 360 clients, who were selected by stratified random sampling method. All individuals completed the questionnaires of the satisfaction with park and Oxford happiness version of the park. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).
Findings: The results showed that the level of satisfaction with welfare installations and buildings, green space design, sport facilities, security, furnishings of park, parking and the feeling of happiness is a function of the park type. In addition, the level of satisfaction with green space design is a function of gender.
Conclusion: Satisfaction and happiness as components of health are related with the design of the parks and green space.

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CaMV 35S promoter activity has not been analysed in different stages of growth in oil-seed (B. napus). Higher plants lack intrinsic β-glucuronidase activity, thus enhancing the sensitivity with which measurements can be made. The binary transformation vector pVW432 (Buchanan-Wollaston, unpublished), carrying the GUS gene fused to the CaMV 35S promoter, was used to test transformation efficiencies and promoter activity in B. napus. The effect of different components of culture media was tested. Having studied different antibiotics, two selectable markers, and Agrobacterium strains, the combination of 500 mg/l carbenicillin with 25 mg/l kanamycin was the optimum level for inhibition of Agrobacterium strain C58pGV3101 and the selection of transformants, respectively. Dif-ferent developmental stages of plants were analysed by protein assay. DNA extraction and PCR amplification confirmed the presence of the gene. High level of β-glucuronidase activity, hence CaMV 35S promoter activity, was observed for one of the transgenic plants. The β-glucuronidase activity altered from maturity to senescence indicating that the CaMV 35S promoter has different activity at different developmental stages in B. napus. Therefore, the growth stage of B. napus may influence the CaMV 35S promoter activity.

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Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a life time disease that requires change in patients' self-care and life style. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors on the self-care of patients with DM in Ardabil City, Iran in 2016.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 129 patients with DM referred to the diabetic centers of Ardabil. We used the components of PRECEDE model for planning the program. The educational program was executed on six information sessions. Changes in the predisposing, reinforcing, enabling factors and self-care behaviors one month after the intervention activities were assessed by using the same questionnaire. Data were analyzed through SPSS 16 software using descriptive and analytical tests.
Findings: The mean age of the patients was 56.82(±13.4) years, 69.8% of them were married and 20.2% were illiterate. According to the results, the mean scores for the knowledge, attitude, self-efficiency, self-care behavior, and reinforcement factors increased significantly after the educational intervention (p-value >0.001).
Conclusion: Educational intervention with PRECEDE-PROCEED model improved the diabetic patient’s self-care.

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With the continuous development and changes in the credit industry, credit products play a more important role in the economy. This has led institutions to expand the role of technology in their credit management processes. Credit scoring is a method used to estimate the probability that a loan applicant or existing borrower will default or become delinquent. There are two types of methods used for scoring: Traditional statistics models like Probit and Logistic regression and Data Mining models such as Classification and Regression Trees (CART). In spite of popularity in applying Logit model in credit assessment of applicants, it is attempted to present another method which is theoretically and empirically superior to Logit model. It is also tried to study the capability and accuracy of this method in comparison with Logit model. In this paper, we have examined the performance of different models in credit scoring on real data of a bank and the two approaches above are compared as well. After building a model using Logistic regression; we have built a model using classification and regression trees. Our aim is to emphasize on the specification of CART and testing its capability and comparing its accuracy with the Logit model. The results reveal the accuracy of CART through a bootstrap simulation. Finally it is suggested that classification and regression trees method could be used in credit scoring process instead of Logit model.

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Biodiesel as a clean fuel is renewable, biocompatible and free of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that could be deriving from animals, plants, fungal, algae and bacteria resources. Among these resources, oleaginous fungi due to the high capability to synthesize and accumulation of triacylglycerol are the best source for biodiesel producer. So, in order to providing approaches for increase biodiesel production based on biotechnology, molecular investigation in these organisms could be promising approach, which have been attentioned in this study. In this regard, a precise survey on the related molecular mechanisms led to reveal Malic enzymes as the effective and critical proteins in lipids production and accumulation in oleaginous fungi. Structural characterization of the genes, led to reveal that they are different in the length and GC content as well as they are continuous in the sequence context. Moreover, structural characterization of the enzymes led to determine their localization in the cells, present the functional domains with capability of post-translational modifications in all of them, which are including MAO1_MF, Malic_M and malic. Homologous sequences survey of the enzymes led to introducing fungal species with possible capability for lipid production.structural modeling of the selective malic and malic like enzymes led to provided suitable models in structure and quality in function with binding affinity to malate. In general, the results of this study, while introducing suitable fungal species for securance of biomass, led to reveal effective enzymes with special features that could be useful in tracing the capable strains or transgenesis modification.

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The conditions for the refinement of clarified sugarcane juice, including temperature (50o, 60o and 70oC) and pressure (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 bars) by micro-filtration membrane technology were investigated. The raw sugarcane juice was initially pre-filtrated with lime and then the juice obtained (clarified juice) processed using a ceramic micro-filter mem-brane (0.2 micrometer). The characteristics investigated included brix, polarity (sucrose percent), turbidity, color and purity. The results showed that the effects of different proc-ess conditions with micro-filtration on reduction of turbidity and color were significant at probably <0.01 and probably <0.05, respectively. For other characteristics, no significant difference was observed. Finally, a temperature of 70oC and transmembrane pressure of 1.5 bar were determined as the optimum conditions for ceramic micro-filtration. Mem-brane processing at 70oC and 1.5 bars reduced the turbidity, viscosity and color of clari-fied juice 56.25%, 16.67% and 6.49%, respectively, and increased 0.87 units of purity.

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Background: In thyroiditis, the cellular immune response plays a crucial role in triggering the production of autoantibodies. Toxoplasma gondii elicits a strong innate and adaptive immune response within the host organism. This study aims to assess the seroepidemiological prevalence of toxoplasmosis and the levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AITD) in Iraq.
Methods: This case-control survey was conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with AITD and 70 healthy individuals (non-AITD) who attended general hospitals in Thi-Qar Province, Iraq, between July and November 2023. The prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Serum levels of IFN-γ were measured using ELISA kits, while the expression levels of IFN-γ were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Findings: Among the participants, 33 patients (33.00%) in the AITD group and 9 patients (12.85%) in the non-AITD group tested positive for T. gondii IgG antibodies (p < 0.001). Additionally, 2.00% of AITD patients and 1.40% of non-AITD patients were positive for anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibodies. PCR analysis revealed the presence of T. gondii parasites in 2.00% of AITD patients and 1.4% of non-AITD patients. In AITD patients with T. gondii antibodies, both serum levels and gene expression of IFN-γ were significantly elevated compared to AITD patients without T. gondii antibodies (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Current findings suggest that individuals infected with T. gondii may experience direct effects on the thyroid gland due to elevated levels of IFN-γ. However, further analyses are necessary to validate these results.

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One of the challenges in translating literary texts is the cultural elements, and this is especially important in the translation of dramatic literature due to the use of drama, i.e., performance on stage. Among the approaches to translation that take into account the purpose of translation and the function of the text in the target language, and give a special place to the audience's understanding in the translation of dramatic texts, is the Skopos theory. This research aims to extract the cultural elements in the play „The Man Outside“ based on the division of cultural elements into two categories of tangible cultural elements and intangible cultural elements, and according to them, evaluate the performance of the translator from the perspective of Skopos theory. The result of this research shows that although Golshiri's translation has been used in theatrical performances, his transfer of tangible cultural elements is not in line with the goal of the play, which is performance on stage.

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Criticism of new historicism has been formed in opposition to traditional historicism. Contrary to traditional historicism, which speaks of the one-sided influence of history on literature, new historicism believes in the mutual influence of literature and history on each other. The story of Bahram and Golandam is one of the remarkable poems in Kurdish literature, which are called "Beit". Beits are syllable-weighted folktales recited by beit readers. It can be said that there are some similarities between the stories of Bahram and Golandam and Zal and Rudabeh. Therefore, it is possible to measure these two stories with each other. In this research, relying on library and documentary studies and with an analytical-comparative approach, we have tried to give a reading of the two stories in question based on the concepts of new historicism. The findings show that although both stories are apparently romantic and the conflicts are about love and marriage; But inside the story, power and discourse interests are fundamental issues. Every discourse tries to maintain its political and social interests.
 

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Using adaptive minimum variance beamforming (MV) results in a significant improvement in image resolution, but it’s success in enhancing contrast has not yet been satisfactory. In some researches, eigenspace-based minimum variance beamforming (EIBMV) method has been applied to medical ultrasound imaging system, so that it has improved image contrast while maintaining its resolution. In this paper we apply another eigenspace-based beamforming called eigencanceler (EC) and show it can yield more satisfactory results. However EC needs the noise – interference covariance matrix, whereas the MV and EIBMV use the data covariance matrix. So an altered EC is proposed for the ultrasound imaging. In this method, while canceling the desired signal does not occur, any weight vector is considered to lie in the noise subspace, the subspace orthogonal to the dominant eigenvectors. Otherwise, the weight vector is defined uniformly. Simulation results show the superiority of this method over the MV and EIBMV methods in the contrast aspect. Moreover, the method is more robust against the sound speed errors and can obtain images with better definition of boundaries.    

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Wound healing and skin remodeling occur directly after skin damage, so the use of platelet rich growth factors (PRGF) and probiotics is important to accelerate this process because of their positive effects on wound healing and antibacterial activities. Combination of above biomaterials with tissue engineering techniques led to the production of a new wound dressing. Therefore, in this study, PRGF was obtained from platelet-rich plasma and a multi-layered scaffold was fabricated by electerospining method using polyurethane (PU) fibers, PRGF and gelatin fibers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile and water contact angle tests were performed to assess the characteristics of the scaffolds. The human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hAMSCs) were extracted and cultured with the fibroblast cells (HU-02) as co-culture cells and Lactobacillus plantarum was cultured on scaffolds with or without PRGF to evaluate cell viability, toxicity and proliferation, then antibacterial activities of L.plantarum were examined. The result of MTT assay after 14 days indicated that PRFG and L.plantarum had significant positive effect on viability and proliferation of co-culture cells. SEM photograph illustrated adhesion and proliferation of cells and bacteria on scaffolds up to 21 days. The Agar-well diffusion test confirmed the antibacterial effect of L.plantarum on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli with strong inhibition zone. The current multi-layered scaffold provides the appropriate wound dressing for cell adhesion, proliferation and prevents wound infection.
 

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Chemical composition and physicochemical properties of pumpkin seeds and fatty acids of their oil were determined. It was found that the seeds contained 41.59% oil and 25.4% protein. Moisture, crude fiber, total ash, and carbohydrate contents were 5.2%, 5.34%, 2.49%, and 25.19%, respectively. The specific gravity, dynamic viscosity, and refractive index of the extracted pumpkin seed oil were 0.915, 93.659 cP, and 1.4662, respectively. Acid value (mg KOH/g oil), peroxide value (meq O2/kg oil), iodine value (g I2/100 g oil), saponification number (mg KOH/ g oil), and unsaponifiable matter content (%) of the extracted oil from pumpkin seeds were 0.78, 0.39, 10.85, 104.36, 190.69, and 5.73, respectively. Total phenolics compounds (mg gallic acid/kg oil), total tocopherols (mg α-tocopherol/kg oil), total sterols (%), and waxes (%) were 66.27, 882.65, 1.86, and 1.58, respectively. Specific extinctions at two wavelengths of 232 nm (K232) and 270 nm (K270) and R-value (K232/K270) were 3.80, 3.52 and 0.74, respectively. Gas chromatographic analysis of the pumpkin seed oil showed that the linoleic (39.84%), oleic (38.42%), palmitic (10.68%) and stearic (8.67%) acids were the major fatty acids. Compared with other vegetable oils, the present study revealed that pumpkin seed oil can be a valuable source of edible oil.

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To estimate plant resistance to Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2) stress for phytoremediation purposes, the effect of cadmium (Cd) phytotoxicity was assessed on total soluble protein, chlorophyll (Chl) content and antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of three different Brassica napus (B. napus) cultivars; Mohican, Reg.Cob and Okapi. Plants were exposed to three levels of CdCl2 (0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 mM) in irrigation water. A reduction in protein and Chl content was noted for all treatments in the three cultivars. Generally, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were increased with 0.75 mM CdCl2 and then decreased at higher concentrations. SOD activity was enhanced up to 1.5 mM CdCl2 concentration in Mohican cultivar. Moreover, APX activity of Okapi cultivar was increased at a much higher rate of CdCl2 levels compared to Mohican and Reg.Cob cultivars. Different concentrations of CdCl2 induced a reduction in the catalase (CAT) activity of Mohican and Reg.Cob. However, this activity was increased with 0.75 mM CdCl2 in Okapi and then decreased with higher concentrations. These results indicate that B. napus cultivars have different tolerances to CdCl2 stress and in consequence, different phytoremediation efficiencies. Moreover, because Okapi possesses a higher antioxidant enzyme activity than the other two cultivars, it is suggested that it is probably the most tolerant cultivar to CdCl2 stress.

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Gundelia tournefortii L. is a well known plant in mountains of Iran and is found all over the country. It traditionally has some medicinal applications. In this research, Gundelia tournefortii L. seed was studied as a source of edible oil. Oil was extracted with immersion method using diethyl ether as a solvent. Acidity, saponification, ester, iodine, peroxide and refractive indices, average molecular weight of fatty acids, unsaponifiable matter, viscosity, color and density of extracted oil were evaluated. In addition, fatty acid composition of oil was determined using gas chromatography analysis. The results showed that seed oil content and saponification value of its oil were 22.8% and 166.05, respectively. Oleic and linoleic acid contents of oil were 27.99% and 54.59%, respectively. It was indicated that the extracted oil is an unsaturated oil and melts at ambient temperature. Beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol were the main unsaponifiable matters of the oil. Color analysis revealed that the predominant color was yellow (0.8 red, 14 yellow). The results indicated that Gundelia tournefortii L. seed can be potentially applied as an excellent oil for human consumption.

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In this paper, a control system is designed to reduce roll angle which consequently leads into increasing vehicle roll threshold during high lateral accelerations. Accordingly, the two same rotation-electric actuators are mounted on front and rear suspension system anti-roll bars. This control system turns by applying an opposite couple that is acted upon the chassis, as time varying, reduce the lateral acceleration as it possible and improves lateral stability and roll threshold during extreme maneuvers. In order to find out the effects of the performance of this active system on vehicle stability, firstly based on a nonlinear eight degrees of freedom model of the lateral dynamics of the vehicle and by taking Steering angle as an input, the kinematic parameters and finally roll threshold that is defined lateral load transfer, is estimated. Then, the optimized second order control theory with three degrees of freedom of the vehicle model is used to design the controller. Finally, with the aid of comprehensive model of the vehicle, the lateral dynamics of the vehicle as well as the effects of the controller during path of standard Fish hook maneuver are investigated.

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The present study was conducted to determine the relative contribution of initial quality and compositional parameters to the rate of changes (RC_TPC) in the content of total polar compounds (TPC), which is considered to be one of the most reliable indicators of heated oils quality, of olive oil during continuous heating at 180 ºC. The ratio between monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids showed the highest relative contribution (44.86%) to the RC_TPC. The content of total phenolic compounds indicated a considerable contribution (30.76%) to the RC_TPC whereas the content of total tocopherols was found to be actually ineffective (0.01%). Peroxide value was another important parameter that showed a marked contribution (20.51%) in this regard. The contributions of acid value and initial TPC content to the RC_TPC of olive oil were 3.85 and 0.01%, respectively.