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Since the beginning of emergence of Pakistan as an independent country, the conflict about Islamic state had begun between the secular and religious groups. “What is the role of Islam in the government?” was the question that Pakistan was facing in the last decades of 20^th century. In response to the question, Muslim scholars proposed two answers: the first group suppose that Islam is equal to government and second group believe that the government in Islam has only one dimension and other dimensions of Islam are much more important than political dimension. .Ghamidi with passing from the first approach, that was evident in the opinions of Maududi and he was the chief spokesperson, placed his interpretation of Islam, Qur'an and Sunnah based on the second approach. From view of Ghamidi, politically Islamic society establishment is precedence over the Islamic government. This society is possible through an Islamic Revolution and Revolution will pave the way for an Islamic state. The Islamic state is combination of three groups: Muslims, Mu`ahids and Zimmis. Such a state based on pluralism in religion and politics.  

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To the Iranians minds the matter of the Russification of the Caucasus, as an Iranian area by its historical, cultural and ethnical roots, always has been a fresh and recursive concern; the process in which the Armenians had a dominant role. Inspired by memories of the Crusader Wars, the Armenians always were engaged with the ideal of presence of a powerful Christian state in their neighborhood. Since Western Europe powers never were as close to the region as to cause any change on the Caucasus, naturally the attention of the Armenians had been absorbed to another Christian state, the State of Muscovy. The process which Armenians attempted to involve the ever-expansionist state of Muscovy or later Russian Empire with Caucasus affairs through it, begun by 1660^th (1070 H.) and took long up to 1828, year of signing Turkmanchay treaty. This survey tried, by appeal to an explicative approach, to shed light on twists and turns of a 160 years process and the transition of the Armenian loyalty from Iran to the Russia as most as possible. Findings of this survey show that the church leaders, the Meliks, and the merchants, as the triumvir which shaped the Armenian Aristocracy, respectively had the most effective influence on the Armenians political loyalty; while introduction of the Russia was the initiation of the merchants, then the Meliks intensified the aspiration, and at last it was the church which by choosing its new affiliation put the end on everything. 

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Political thought of Muslim in the middle of abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate, as a symbol of Islamic world, followed with two reactions. A group, under Rashid Rida as thinker of the group, was thinking of caliphate to its real origin. The other group, under Ali Abdel Raziq, was come to being with his prominent book entitled “Islam and Foundations of Governance”, thinking that caliphate is historic and considered it as a worn-out and dilapidated system. The attitude of these groups was tantamount to showing reaction to the critical environment of the Islamic community with transient state. The origin of this conflict returns to the issue of relationship between reasons and religion in modern era. Moreover, position of the duo in the though of Muslims is the other main basis of this conflict. Responding to this issue can be observed in considering “reason” along with religion as practiced by Rashid Rida and also considering it as an independent source in religion belonged to Abdel Raziq.