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Showing 3 results for Ghaffarian


Volume 10, Issue 4 (Issue 4 (Tome 49)- 2007)
Abstract

Empirical sciences are systems of theories. Scientifics theories build up the human’s knowledge realm through explaining the phenomena and develop it by raising new issues and participating in the formation of new theories in responding them . This article presents a systematic method for theory building in managerial Studies as well as human oriented researches. The theories take shape by means of extracting and organizing the “concepts” hidden in the research subjects. This logic merges the empirical knowledge (singular statement)with the theorems (universal statements) by justification and generates new deductive theorems with scientific validity. Thus, in the present research “Grounded Theory”(GT) was presented as a widely accepted methodology and the theory building process was explained by means of GT. An experience of theory building in managerial research was then presented to enlighten the process more clearly. This research studied twelve failed companies to find out the reasons behind the crashed strategies and the findings were presented in the pattern of two theories. The trustworthiness of the two theories was introduced through "falsification" at the end of the article. The main purpose of this research was to familiarize the human science researchers with “theory building” and to report an actual work through the use of this me methodology. Even though it was restricted to summarizing due to its short structure.

Volume 15, Issue 4 (7-2013)
Abstract

In production of tissue paper, the adhesion of a liquid adhesive creping aid, compound polymer, as creping aids on the Yankee dryer surface was investigated. A compound polymer was prepared based on mixing ratio of poly (amideamine)-epichlorohydrin resin (PAE) as an adhesive agent, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a modifier agent, and cationic fatty acid (CFA) and ethylene glycol (EG) as release agents. In order to simulate the Yankee dryer cylinder, the adherence of paper to the substrate that was coated by the compound polymer solution was measured using a peel strength test. Results indicated that increasing the percent of total solid content of compound polymer would increase peel strength of paper. Peel strength of paper increases if EG as a release agent is used. The amount of PVA/PAE resin in the formulation of creping aid was critical for building a flexible and tough coating layer on to the substrate and to provide adequate adhesion of paper in peel strength test.

Volume 23, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract

Salinity is one of the most important factors limiting plants growth and production in irrigated agriculture. The natural potential of salt tolerant plants like Kochia could be exploited through legume-containing intercropping systems as an effective strategy in mitigating the increasing salinity crisis.This experiment used split plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, in 2016 and 2017, at the Iranian National Salinity Research Center, Yazd, Iran. Water salinity was considered as the main factor (EC= 4, 9, and 14 dS m-1) and the cropping system was considered as subfactor with seven levels including sole cropping of Kochia (Kochia scoparia), Sesbania (Sesbania aculeate), and Guar (Cyamopsiste tragonoliba) and their possible dual and triple intercropping systems. The highest absorbed light was observed in triple intercropping and the total forage yield in triple intercropping was increased by 5% and 4.1% at 4 and 9 dS m-1 salinity, respectively, compared to that in Kochia sole cropping, while it decreased by 1.5% at 14 dS m-1.The Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) values ranged from 0.99 to 1.33. The total crude protein yield in triple intercropping was increased by 55.8 to 66.3% as compared to Kochia sole cropping. The NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber) and ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber) were decreased by 7 to 22% in various intercropping systems. Considering increased forage quantity and quality, mainly through decreasing NDF and increasing Dry Matter Intake (DMI) levels, cultivation of Kochia within triple intercropping systems can be recommended instead of Kochia sole cropping.

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