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This research seeks to examine the discourse structure in the sermon of the visit of Zahra based on the tense pattern of discourse and tries to analyze the change in the semantic system of discourse from one state to another by relying on the tense structure and passing through the conditions of discursive rupture and connection. Since in a tense system, layers of pressure and extension play a role in communication and interaction with each other, and the surface interconnection of pressure and extension forms the structure of the discourse, the study of the discourse of this sermon showed that Zahra, as a speaker, becomes an active actor in the process of dynamic and fluid meaning-making and makes meaning in a tense discourse system; therefore, Hazrat has used a specific tense and linguistic structure to convey meaning to break the semantic system of the rule of the covenant-breakers and has shown them to be incompetent by exposing their wrong actions, behaviors, and speeches. The use of these signs has increased the emotion in the speech and has enabled the language to reach the most impossible times and places, and as a result, has had a greater impact on the listener. The change in meaning and its fluidity from one stage to another, by changing in various ascending, increasing, descending, and ultimately increasing patterns, has been able to instill in the speaker a sense of determination, steadfastness combined with anger, being right, and being firm in faith and belief.
 

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Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a self-care educational package on patients suffering from hypertension in Khatamolanbia Hospital of Iranshahr. Self-care includes a set of healthy behaviors as well as the choice of correct lifestyle, which will prevent from disease and result in effective treatment in case of disease through proper knowledge. Since hypertension is one of the most important modifiable factors by self-care, prevention and treatment of this disease should be considered by the authorities.
Method: A self-care educational package was used within six months to assess its impact on hypertensive patients using a researcher-made questionnaire. The target population included 50 mainly female hypertensive patients admitted to Khatamolanbia Hospital of Iranshahr in 2015 who were studied in pre-test post-test groups. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 16).
Findings: It was indicated that the self-care education program had a significant impact on the participants' knowledge, attitudes, health behaviors and blood pressure control (p<0.05) so that effective reduction in mean blood pressure from 150.90 to 130.80 was observed.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the self-care program could be used as an effective approach to practically reduce and control blood pressure.

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Abstract
Research subject: The combustion of fossil fuels to supply energy produces large amounts of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide emissions have led to rising global temperature and many natural disasters, including floods, hurricanes, rising sea levels, and widespread droughts, that threaten ecological systems and human life. Therefore, the uptake and removal of carbon dioxide from sources or the environment play a key role in countering the threat of global warming.
Research approach: In this study, a venturi scrubber was utilized to eliminate CO2 from the air stream on a semi-industrial scale. The effects of different parameters including inlet air flow rate to the venturi scrubber, solvent flow rate, and solvent loss during the scrubbing process were investigated on CO2 absorption by a nanofluid solvent containing iron oxide/water at the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) as a surface-active material.
Main results: The surface-active material of TMAH prevents the agglomeration of nanoparticles in the base fluid and stabilizes the fluid. The maximum efficiency of absorption and the highest molar flux of CO2 were achieved when iron oxide nanoparticles were used along with graphene nanosheets with the ratios of iron oxide nanoparticles (25%) and graphene nanosheets (75%) at the presence of TMAH surface-active material due to their nature. The reason is the better agitation (of the solution) by iron oxide nanoparticles that results in an increased displacement of graphene nanosheets. The random Brownian movements of nanoparticles create micron size eddies that increase mass transfer at the gas-liquid interface. In addition, molar flux and CO2 gas absorption efficiency decreased by increasing the concentration of nanoparticles.
Keywords: Hybrid nanofluid; Venturi scrubber; Gas absorption; Iron oxide nanoparticles; Graphene nanosheets

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The style of exaggeration, as one of the most frequent syntactic styles, with many latent meanings, has always been the focus of translators. Examining the translation of this style in Nahj al-Balagha, which is a book mixed with eloquent and eloquent expressions, is very important. On the other hand, Catford's theory, as a precise and meticulous theory in translation, can be a good criterion and scale for the semantic analysis of translations of Nahj al-Balagha in the style of exaggeration. This style is used in morphological, syntactic and rhetorical structures; But since one of the cases of use in syntactic structures is in the limitations of present tense and distinction and absolute object, this research has tried to extract these structures from Nahj al-Balagha with descriptive-analytical method and apply them to this theory to determine the degree of conformity or not.The conformity of the existing equivalents in the Persian language to the emphatic structures of the Arabic language in the two translations of Shahidi and Foladvand - as two translations that have a special place in literature - should be determined. After the analyzes carried out in the translation of these two structures, it was observed that, despite the countless cases of distinguishing the subject from the subject or the object, the present tense and the absolute object in Nahj al-Balagha, with the semantic load of exaggeration; Based on this theory, translators have not been able to transfer the meaning of exaggeration from the source language to the target language well

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To challenge the authority of Grand Narratives is a dominant feature of postmodernism and, naturally, postmodern writing. Amongst these grand narratives is History. Historiographic metafictional novels – as postmodern works of fiction – challenge the objectivity of History and reinterpret (or, better said, demystify) the historical record. The writers of these novels seek to show the multiplicity and textuality of history. Therefore, history in these works of fiction is a discursive construct and has an intertextual nature; and as a discourse it is constructed in and through language and is thus open to rewriting and recontextualization. The present paper examines two historiographic metafictional novels in both English and Persian literatures, namely, Graham Swift's Waterland (1983) and Hamidrezā Shāhābādi's Dilmāj (2006), in order to reveal the extent these novels have transformed the conventions of historical fiction.

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The purpose of this article is to critically examine two plays, namely Cambises (1569) by Thomas Preston and The Sophy (1641) by John Denham, through the lens of Edward Said’s theoretical framework. These works, although relatively unfamiliar in our country, offer valuable insights into the prevailing political and cultural discourse of Renaissance England, during which the nation's expansionist policies were beginning to form. In line with the prevailing tendencies among writers of their era, Preston and Denham, whether deliberately or indeliberately, practiced Stereotyping and Othering, because their knowledge of the East was neither objective nor direct; it was merely a reproduction of the stereotypical images in previous texts. Through misrepresenting the East and its people, their works became a part of the broader political and cultural discourse of their country, reflecting a thirst for superiority. It is crucial to recognize that such cultural misrepresentations played a significant role in shaping public sentiments, laying the groundwork for expansionism and colonialism. Through a contrapuntal reading of these dramatic works, we can uncover the intricate relationship between cultural artifacts and the underlying power dynamics at play, which provides us with a nuanced understanding of their impact.

 

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Location analysis could lead to reduction of costs of establishing and running economic activities. Sometimes, choosing an incorrect location could dramatically increase the costs. A suitable location for economic activities is one of the most important factors in having a good urban space for citizens, firms and municipalities. In cities, most of firms are service providers. Due to the existence of external economies of scale and reduction of costs, especially transportation costs, firms are usually located near together. Clustering similar firms can lead to decreasing costs, facilitating shopping for buyers and attracting potential buyers. This study tries to investigate the distribution of economic activities in Isfahan, as well as determining specialized and diversified zones of the city. It also analyses effective factors on locating different activities.  Thus, specialization and diversification of all 14 zones of Isfahan are measured and then a regression model is specified and estimated by GMM approach. Results show that number of banks has positive effect on location of different activities. Meanwhile, specialization and diversification, which are the result of the economies of scale in localized and urbanized agglomerations, are critical factors on choosing locations in the city.

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Today, policymakers and economists use widely rational expectations (RE) in monetary, financial and regulatory policies to improve their country economic performance. In some of the pertinent models to these policies, expectations have been formed by assuming rationality and full information on economics. Indeed, economic agents have no perfect information about some parameters of these models. These unknown parameters can be estimated in the form rational expectations during learning process. In this research, the impact of government policies on the inflation rate has been modeled on the basis of rational expectations under learning process. Data has been gathered from Central Bank of Iran (CBI) and Iran’s economic development plans over the period 1989-2009. Results show that current inflation in the country originates mainly from economy structure and government policies, so share of public inflationary expectations is negligible. In addition, the learning process in Iran will converge to rational expectations, thus government policies for reducing inflation and increasing employment are inefficient. It is recommended that government adopt unanticipated and sudden policies to be effective its plans.

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The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of two procedures i.e. feeding and immersion followed by feeding, for masculinizing Blue Hap. Two experiments (experiments I and II) were conducted. In experiment I, feeding hormonal treatment was applied on post-yolk sac stage fry (10 days after fertilization at 27ºC). Dosages of 30mg (group A) and 60mg (group B) of 17α-methyltestosterone per kg of food were used during 60-day periods (40 fry per treatment). The control group i.e. group C, received no hormone. In experiment II, one day post hatching larvae were exposed to an immersion treatment in 17α-methyltestosterone at 1000 μg/l up to 2 h (16 larvae per treatment). Later, at the first day of post-yolk sac stage, the treatment was followed by oral procedure which was divided in 2 groups: group D and group E. In group D, 30 mg 17α-Methyltestosterone per kg of food was used during a 60-day period. In group E, fry received 60 mg of hormone per kg of food during the same period. The control group i.e. group F, did not receive any hormone. Change in sex proportion within each experiment as well as between experiments was analyzed by chi-square test (p<0.05). In experiment I, 60 mg feeding treatment significantly (p<0.05) increased the proportion of the males (85.7%) in comparison to the control group (46.67%). Lower male proportion (60%), but still significant (p<0.05), was evaluated in 30 mg feeding treatment. In experiment II, in both groups (D and E), although sex ratio was different from the theoretical 1:1 sex ratio, fish skewed toward sterility rather than masculinization because of high hormonal dozes. In conclusion, this study confirms that it is possible to achieve high rates of hormonal masculinization in Blue hap.

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  Drying is one of the preservation techniques in which moisture removal through simultaneous heat and mass transfer occurs. Due to low energy efficiency and prolonged time of hot air drying, the new drying techniques such as infrared, must be employed. In this study, the effects of temperature and drying method on the kinetics of persimmon slices with 5 mm fixed thickness were investigated. The tests were performed at 3 temperature levels (50, 60 and 70^◦c) using both hot air and infrared dryers in 3 replicates. The experimental data obtained from drying treatments were fitted to 9 mathematical models in order to evaluate the drying kinetics of persimmon slices. The fitting quality of the proposed models was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R²), root mean squares error (RMSE), chi- square (χ²) and sum square error (SSE). Based on the results, Wang and Singh model was found to be the best model fitted to the experimental hot air drying data at all temperature levels. In the case of experimental infrared drying data at 50 and 60^◦c, the logarithmic model showed the best fitting results while at 70^◦C, 2-term model showed the highest fitting quality. These models exhibited the highest value of R² and the least RMSE, χ² and SSE comparing to the other models

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During recent decades, decentralization has been regarded in various societies as an instrument for making public sector policies more efficient, and its numerous advantages and disadvantages have been discussed. Each decentralization policy has three dimensions including Political decentralization, Administrative decentralization and Fiscal decentralization. This paper evaluates the impact of fiscal decentralization on the interaction between economic growth and regional equity in the distribution of fiscal resources in provinces of Iran by using panel data method. The results verify a nonlinear relation between fiscal decentralization and economic growth, so that economic growth rises with fiscal decentralization increase to a specific level and then it decreases because of disadvantages of decentralization. There is a relationship between fiscal decentralization and equitable distribution of fiscal resources too. Growth and equitable distribution variables change in the opposite direction between two levels of decentralization, and move in the same direction out of this interval. There is also a tradeoff between growth and equitable distribution of fiscal resources.  

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Objective: Influenza virus A (H1N1) is an important subtype of the influenza respiratory viruses, which has important worldwide implications. Hemagglutinin (HA), an important viral antigen, is responsible for binding to human cell receptors leading to an onset of the disease process. Considering the critical role of viral attachment, this study focuses on the extraction and cloning of HA and its large subunit HA1 genes to generate recombinant baculovirus shuttle vectors (bacmid) in order to produce recombinant proteins in insect cells. Methods: Human influenza virus A/New Caledonia 99/20/(H1N1) was propagated in MDCK cell culture. Total viral RNA was extracted using easy-red solution. The full-length HA genome and HA1 fragment were amplified by RT- PCR using specific primers, cloned into a pGEM®-TEasy vector, and then subcloned into a pFastBac HT plasmid. Finally, recombinant bacmids that contained the genes of interest were produced in E. coli DH10Bac™ cells. Results: Expected PCR products of HA genes were evaluated through gel electrophoresis and restriction enzyme analysis. Recombinant pGEM®-TEasy vectors and pFastBac HT donor plasmids were confirmed by PCR, digestion, and sequencing. Construction of recombinant bacmid DNA was verified by using blue-white colony screening, overnight electrophoresis, and PCR analysis that used either pUC/M13 or gene-specific primers. Conclusion: In this study, we have successfully constructed recombinant Bacmid DNA that encoded the full-length HA genome and its HA1 subunit. We intend to transfect sf9 insect cells with these constructs to generate recombinant baculovirus and produce large amounts of desired proteins for future studies.

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Alfalfa crops were surveyed for the incidence of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), peanut stunt virus (PSV), bean leaf roll virus (BLRV), bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) in the major growing areas in the southeast and central regions of Iran. Samples were collected between May 2009 and March 2011 and analyzed for viral infection initially by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) followed by RT-PCR using capsid protein gene specific primers. In total, 634 symptomatic leaf samples were collected in four southeastern and central provinces of Iran representing 20 regions. Our results revealed a high incidence of AMV over a wide geographical area. AMV and BLRV were identified in most regions, whereas BYMV was found only in Yazd Province. PSV was detected in three regions, but not in Sistan- Balouchestan and Hormozgan Provinces. The highest incidence of viral infection amongst the surveyed provinces was recorded in Kerman (66.8%), followed by Yazd (39%), Sistan and Balouchestan (20.8 %), and Hormozgan (4.5%). AMV, BLRV, PSV and BYMV were present in 23.3%, 12%, 0.70% and 0.28% of the samples, respectively. CMV and BCMV were not detected in any surveyed region. Multiple virus infections were recorded in 42 samples. This is the first report on the detected occurrence of BLRV, PSV and BYMV in alfalfa in the southeast and central regions of Iran.

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This study pursued the molecular identification of fish species from processed products for human consumption which, a priori, belonged to nine species. DNA barcoding using direct sequencing of about 650 bp of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) revealed incorrect labeling in the three Alaska Pollack samples (11% of all samples). Substitution of fish species constitutes serious economic fraud, and our results increase concern regarding the trading of processed fish products in Iran from both health and conservation points of view.

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Kilka fish oil is highly susceptible to oxidation due to high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids. One of the methods used to protect unsaturated oils from environmental damage is the encapsulation process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of encapsulation process on reduction of Kilka fish oil oxidation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of type and concentration of wall materials on encapsulated fish oil properties. The mixture of xanthan and lepidium sativum (Shahi) seed gum was used in 100: 0, 50:50 and 0: 100 ratios as the continuous phase of emulsion. Concentration of solid material in wall solution was chosen at 30, 40 and 50%. A homogenizer ultraturax was used to prepare nanomulsions and a high pressure homogenizer was used to produce microemulsion. The results showed that the size of the capsules prepared with mixture wall in all concentration, xanthan gum at 40 and 50% concentration and capsules with shahi seed gum at 30% concentration was in the range of nano (below 100 nm). All microcapsules had a size below 10 micrometers. Zeta potential was negative for microcapsules and nanocapsules and the lowest and highest zeta potentials were related to capsule with mixture and shahi seed gum walls respectively. The nanocapsules showed higher efficiency of Kilka fish oil encapsulation than microcapsules. The images of the Scanning Electron Microscope represent a suitable network and uniform wall cover around the capsules, and structural fractures were not observed. The results of this study suggest using of fish oil microcapsules with shahi gum wall at 40% concentration, fish oil nanocapsules with mixture of xanthan and shahi gum wall at 40% concentration, and fish oil nanocapsules with 30% xanthan gum due to good properties for oil storage.
 

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sheep meat has a high potential for degradation due to high protein, fat and moisture. In this study, the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of kiwi peel extract in two types of common and nano coatings based on basil seed gum, perfoliatum seed gum and their composition in increasing shelf life of sheep meat were investigated. Hydroalcoholic extracts of kiwi peel were obtained using ultrasound assisted technique the total phenolic content and total flavonoid  being 342.0 ± 3.12 mg GA/g E and 6.39 ± 1.02 mg QE /g E respectively. Different concentrations of kiwi peel extract (500, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 ppm) showed high antioxidant activities due to phenolic and flavonoid compounds in both DPPH free radical scavenging and beta carotene: linoleic acid bleaching assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of the extract for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aerogenes and Escherichia coli were determined that 2000 ppm of extract used in coating. The particle size of the nano-coatings was in the range of 81.53 to 176.15 nm, and the zeta potential of all nano-coatings was negative. Meat samples were kept at 4 ° C for 25 days and peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid value and total count of bacteria were performed at 5-day intervals, indicating that the chemical and microbial growth rates in control sample were higher than coated samples. The use of nanotechnology in reducing the size of coating resulted in improved antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. According to the results of this study, the composite nano-coating of basil seed gum: alyssum seed gum containing kiwi extract of 2000 ppm can be used in meat packaging industries.
 

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In recent years, multiple drug resistance in human pathogenic microorganisms have developed due to indiscriminate use of commercial antimicrobial drugs commonly used in the treatment of infectious diseases. This situation forced scientists for searching new antimicrobial substances from various sources, like medicinal plants, which are the good sources of novel antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, the antibacterial effect of Cardin leaf was investigated. Hydroalcoholic extract of this plant was prepared at concentrations of 0.390 to 100 mg/ml and antimicrobial effect of extract were tested with disk diffusion and agar-well diffusion diffusion method against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the Cardin extract were investigated by dilution method. In the disk and well diffusion methods, the highest effect of extract on the bacteria was observed at concentration of 100 mg / ml, with the highest diameter of deterioration hole. Of course, the effect on gram-positive bacteria was more than gram negative. The inhibitory concentration of extract (MIC) on Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/ml and the MBC was 50, 100 and 100 mg/ml, respectively. The results showed that effect of Cardin extract on gram-positive bacteria was more than gram negative and the diameter of the non-growth halo increased with increasing concentrations of the extract.
 

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of viscoelastic ankle foot prosthesis on below-knee amputee gait cycle by using dynamic simulation of human walking. A two dimensional, seven segment model is developed to simulate normal and amputee entire gait cycle equipped with foot-ground contact model in order to simulate entire gait cycle in an integrated way. In the first step, optimization procedure was coupled with forward dynamic to simulate normal gait cycle. Next step was started by replacing ideal torque generator of ankle joint with passive elements that represents passive prosthetic ankle-foot, in order to simulate below-knee amputee gait cycle. The optimal coefficients of joints that were obtained from dynamic simulation of normal gait cycle were then used for amputee model’s intact joints. Three type of optimal passive ankle foot prosthesis were designed using forward dynamic optimization and the simulation results were employed to compare the performance of different prostheses. The results indicated that using viscoelastic ankle foot prosthesis decreases speed-normalized total work, cost function, dynamic effort and increases speed of the amputee model. Hence using viscoelastic ankle foot prosthesis can improve below-knee amputee walking pattern

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Plant tissue culture technique could provide sterile and controllable condition in order to assay direct effect of different compounds on plant growth accurately. In this study, the effects of aqueous extracts prepared from roots and shoots of goosefoot (Chenopodium album L.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), and wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) were evaluated on the seed germination and growth criteria in tissue culture media. The fennel root extract, nearly without phenolic content and with low antioxidant activity, showed the most drastic allelopathic effect on goosefoot, especially at 100 mg mL^-1 concentration, which might be due to the presence of some substance potentially useful for biological control of goosefoot, an invasive weed. Goosefoot was resistant to extract of fennel shoot, wormwood root, and shoot, while fennel and radish (Raphanus sativus L.), at high concentration (100 mg mL^-1), were not resistant to the root and shoot extracts of both goosefoot and redroot pigweed. In response to allelopathic components, shoot:root ratio was increased, and more peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity were detected in roots. There was no direct relationship between allelopathic effects with total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. In conclusion, our results showed that allelopathic effects of extracts on growth and biochemical criteria depended on both the concentration levels and the plant parts from which the aqueous extract was derived. Therefore, tissue culture media is an accurate and suitable tool to screen plants resistant to allelopathic components of weeds, and to identify high allelopathic plants as potential bioherbicide and invasive plant controller.

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In this paper, cold roll forming process of a high strength steel pipe using four types of flower pattern including circular, edge, double radius and reverse bending is simulated with finite element method in MSC Marc Mentat software. Due to importance of quality of final pipe and in order to achieve the desired geometry in high strength steel pipes, selecting the appropriate flower pattern to design the pipe roll forming production line is considered. Using finite element simulation results, deformation of sheet in this process is studied and effect of flower pattern type on geometry of final product, which includes curvature distribution, spring back and thickness distribution of pipe, is investigated. Results show that implementing reverse bending flower pattern, leads to reduction in deviation from mean curvature at edge of the sheet up to about 65 percent. Thickness distribution analysis shows that circular and edge flower patterns cause upsetting and thinning of edge of the sheet up to 0.2 millimeters, respectively. But, use of double radius and reverse bending patterns cause average thickness of edge to be well adjusted to reach 2.8 millimeters. Also, circular flower pattern has the lowest value of spring back in terms of variation of mean relative curvature of 0.69 percent and edge deviation of 0.15 millimeters. To validate the finite element simulation, experimental tests were designed and conducted using one forming stand. By comparing resultant data of experimental tests with simulation results, validity of finite element simulation confirmed.