---

Backgrounds: A potential cross-immunity between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV could lead to the development of a serodiagnostic test and/or serotherapy against SARS-CoV-2 using dromedary camel anti MERS-CoV serum.
Materials & Methods: Epidemiological and 66 literature data, of which 35 have been published during 2015-2021, and findings were analysed.
Findings: According to the statistical data reported during COVID-19 pandemic, there are less cases and deaths associated with COVID-19 in countries known for dromedary breeding and the circulation of MERS-CoV (another betacoronavirus disease transmitted by dromedary camels) among humans and dromedaries. This observation and the similarity in genome and immunopathogenicity between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV, suggest that individuals who have been in contact with MERS-CoV infected dromedaries and/or consumed their products (milk, meat, urine) might have acquired an immunity protecting them against SARS-CoV-2. In addition to neutralizing antibodies, this immunity could also be due to complement proteins, chemokines, and especially antimicrobial peptides (AMP), known for their effect on enveloped viruses.
Conclusion: Most research has focused on vaccines as a solution to stop the pandemic, while serotherapy hasn’t significantly aroused the interest of researchers. This potential cross-immunity between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV could lead to the development of a serodiagnostic test and/or serotherapy against SARS-CoV-2 using dromedary camel anti MERS-CoV serum.

---

Our study aims to evaluate the physicochemical mechanism involved in the adhesion of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa) on date palm root of resistant (Aziza M) and susceptible (Boufegouss) varieties by determining their surface properties. Hydrophobicity of Date palm root and Foa was evaluated by contact angle measurement (θ_w) and free energy of interaction determination (∆Giwi). Our results showed that Foa surface is hydrophilic (θ_w = 30.57° and ΔG_iwi = 15.51 mj/m²) and has an important electron donor character (γ^- = 53,99mj/m²), whereas its electron acceptor property is low (γ⁺ = 8.95 mj/m²). Regarding date palm, the surface of sensitive variety’s root is hydrophilic (θ_w = 62.97°), while that of resistant variety is hydrophobic (θ_w = 69.50°). This character was confirmed by quantitative approach (ΔG_iwi = 6.84 mj/m² for sensitive variety and ΔG_{iwi =} -20.61 mj/m² for resistant variety). Also, it was noted that both resistant and sensitive varieties are weak electron acceptors (γ ⁺ = 0.15 mj/m² and γ ⁺ = 0.08 mj/m² for resistant and sensitive varieties respectively). The two varieties are relatively important electron donors, but the sensitive variety is more donor (γ^- = 30.5 mj/m²) than the resistant one (γ^- = 16.57 mj/m²). These results suggest that hydrophilic character and electron donor/acceptor character may be responsible for the adhesion of Foa on sensitive date palm root and therefore causes its susceptibility to bayoud disease. In contrast, the hydrophobic character of the resistant variety could explain its resistance.