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Showing 4 results for Caliskan
Morpho-pomological and Chemical Diversity of Pomegranate Accessions Grown in Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey

Volume 15, Issue 7 (Supplementary Issue - 2013)
Abstract
Selecting within local pomegranate accessions is the main method used to identify new cultivars. Total of 76 pomegranate accessions from Hatay, Turkey, were collected and their morpho-pomological and chemical characteristics were determined. The results showed that there was significant diversity among the accessions in terms of fruit quality parameters. Several accessions were notable for their various characteristics. For example, ‘Ekşi 5’, ‘Ekşiliknar’, ‘Kara Mehmet 1’, ‘Lifani 5’ and ‘Ekşi 3’ accessions could be used for extracted aril and juice as they had dark red arils and juice, good taste, and large arils. In addition, the sweet accessions ‘Tatlı 3’, ‘Tatlı 13’, and ‘Tatlı 16’ with soft seeds, rosy peel, and red aril colors were very promising for fresh consumption. Our study demonstrated that there was great morpho-pomological variability among the local pomegranates grown in eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey, making them a valuable genetic source for incorporation into potential breeding programs, especially for different fruit quality characteristics.
Development of New Sustainable Sahlep Production Methods Using Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soo ex E. Nelson

Volume 21, Issue 6 (10-2019)
Abstract
Tubers of the tuberous orchids have been col­lected for centuries, and used for medicinal purposes as well as in beverage and ice-cream industry. These orchids (Sahlep orchids) cannot be propagated vegetatively as they generally do not yield more than one tuber in a year. Seeds do not have microscopic endosperms; they have quite small chance of germination and successful establishment. These orchids are not cultivated and are usually collected from natural populations. Therefore, they are under threat of extinction and thus are placed under protection worldwide with national and international treaties. In this study, specimens of the threatened orchid taxa Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soo ex E. Nelson orchid, were stimulated to grow tuber twice in a single vegetation period. Plants’ ability to develop new tubers was tested and a new propagation method was proposed for the first time worldwide. Plants harvested at the beginning, middle, and end of flowering period were re-planted. It was observed that the plants harvested at early flowering were able to develop new tubers when they were re-planted in their original places. At the end of their annual life cycle, the number of tubers that were produced by the plants harvested at the three subsequent harvest periods were 2.21, 2.10, and 1.04. Quality of the tubers of the 2nd harvest was also tested in this study to use them as propagation material for the subsequent season, and positive outcomes were achieved. According to the present findings, growth of two tubers in a single vegetation period was achieved for the first time. Possible sustainable cultivation of Sahlep orchids was proved by this new propagation method.
 
Volatile Compounds, Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Capacity in Sultan Hawthorn (Crataegus azarolus L.) Leaves

Volume 25, Issue 5 (9-2023)
Abstract
Nowadays, there is considerable interest in plants such as hawthorn that have a rich source of secondary metabolites (volatile and phenolic compounds) in their leaves, with beneficial effects on health. This study investigated the Volatile Compounds (VCs), total phenolic content, and antioxidant activities of Sultan hawthorn leaves collected at three different times based on fruit maturity stages (immature, mature, and over-mature). Our main goal was to determine whether the volatile profile, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity would change depending on the leaf collection time. A total of 78 VCs were identified in the leaves, 11 of which were for the first time. With the progress in fruit maturity, the levels of most VCs varied, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity increased, and acidity decreased. Benzaldehyde and α-farnesene were the principal VCs accounting for 61% of total VCs identified in leaf at the overmature stage. The principal component analysis successfully separated volatile compounds in hawthorn leaves along the fruit maturity stages. For the first time, the present study provided a general overview of the secondary metabolites in leaves from Sultan hawthorn cultivar along fruit maturity stages. The hawthorn leaf collected at the overmature fruit stage proved to have high potential in secondary metabolites and antioxidant capacity.

Fruit Yield and Quality Performance of Low Chilling Nectarine Cultivars under Mediterranean Climate

Volume 26, Issue 3 (5-2024)
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate fruit yield and quality characteristics among new nectarine cultivars grown in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. ‘Gardeta’, ‘Gartario’, and ‘Garofa’ nectarine cultivars were cultivated on ‘GN15’ rootstock. The flowering stage, fruit set percentage, yield, and fruit quality properties of these cultivars were investigated between 2018 and 2021. During the study, chill requirements ranged between 391 and 600 chilling hours and between 207 and 361 chill units in the area, and huge values were obtained for the average initial fruit set above 60% and the final fruit set above 45%. ‘Gardeta’ had the highest cumulative yield per tree (80.15 kg tree-1) and cumulative yield per hectare (133.04 tons ha-1). The fruit size, Total Soluble Solids (TSS) content, and fruit coloration were homogeneously distributed in all three cultivars. In addition, the Flowering (F) and Initial Fruit Set (IFS) characters were negatively correlated with Fruit Weight (FW), Fruit Length (FLE), and Fruit Diameter (FD). As a result, the ‘Gardeta’ was found remarkable with late flowering, the highest yield, and superior fruit quality characteristics such as size, red skin color, and high TSS/total acidity values in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. In addition, the date of Full Flowering (FF) and Fruit Firmness (FF) were negatively correlated with fruit Skin color L* (SL), C (SC), and h° (SH) variables. The results demonstrated that the new nectarine cultivars used here showed changes in yield parameters and fruit quality attributes depending on the genotypic and environmental effects.

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