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Showing 3 results for Borah
Volume 19, Issue 3 (7-2012)
Abstract
Although the Zarzian was first identified in the 1920s, it has not been until recently that detailed investigations of it have been undertaken. In contrast to the intensive research on the Epipaleolithic period in the Levant, the Zarzian in the Zagros area is less well known, although it shares some similarities (as well as differences) with the Levantine Epipaleolithic including trajectories of hunter-gatherer subsistence and other behavioral strategies that may have played a role in long-term processes ultimately leading in both regions to the advent of food production economies
Volume 27, Issue 2 (2-2025)
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of Juglans regia Kernel Powder (JKP) on broiler chickens subjected to Aflatoxin (AF)-contaminated diets during a 42-day feeding trial conducted in February and March 2022. A total of 240 one-day-old broiler chickens were divided into four dietary groups: Diet 1 (Control), Diet 2 (0.5 mg kg-1 AF), Diet 3 (0.5 mg kg-1 AF+250 mg kg-1 JKP), and Diet 4 (0.5 mg kg-1 AF+500 mg kg-1 JKP). Birds on Diet 2 exhibited a significantly lower (P= 0.01) relative growth rate compared to the other diets. JKP supplementation at 250 mg kg-1 (Diet 3) and 500 mg kg-1 (Diet 4) mitigated the negative impact of AF on growth. Birds on Diet 2 showed significantly lower (P= 0.01) serum concentrations of total protein, albumin, and globulin compared to those on Diets 1, 3, and 4. Elevated levels of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatinine in Diet 2 indicated liver and kidney damage. Alanine Transaminase (ALT) concentrations in Diet 2 were higher (P= 0.01) than Diets 1 and 4. Birds fed diet 2 had lower glucose levels (P= 0.01) than diets 1 and 4. IgA levels in birds fed Diet 2 were lower (P= 0.03) than those in the birds fed Diet 4. Birds fed diet 2 had considerably (P< 0.05) lower IgE and IgG levels than birds fed diets 1 and 4. Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFK B) was higher (P= 0.01) in birds fed Diet 2 compared to other diets. Interleukin 6 (IL 6) concentration was significantly (P= 0.01) higher in the birds fed Diet 2 than in the other diets. A recommended dietary supplementation of 250 mg kg-1 JKP is suggested based on the observed ameliorative effects.
Volume 27, Issue 3 (3-2025)
Abstract
The present research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of six different entomopathogenic fungi and bacterial formulation against the third-instar grubs of a subterranean biennial white grub species, Lepidiota mansueta. All treatments proved effective, recording over 55% mortality of white grubs compared to the untreated control at 30 Days After Treatment (DAT). However, the highest cumulative mortality (76%) was observed in Beauveria bassiana (KR855715), followed by 72% in Beauveria brongniartii (BbUASB16) and 70.67% in Bio-Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) treated grubs. Metarhizium anisopliae-based formulation (Bio-Meta) exhibited the lowest mortality rate (58.67%). Overall, B. bassiana (KR855715) and B. brongniartii (BbUASB16) demonstrated higher virulence towards L. mansueta grubs, indicating their potential as biological control agents against these pests. The LT50 values varied from 12.15 to 23.05 days when L. mansueta grubs were treated with different entomopathogenic treatments. In case of KR855715 strain, the LT50 value recorded was 12.15 days (FL 11.15-13.11), which was the lowest, and in Bio-Meta, the LT50 recorded was 23.05 days (FL 19.24-30.33), which was the highest. In conclusion, as chemical pesticides are not always the best option for controlling scarabs, entomopathogenic fungus can be incorporated into Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies as biological control agents. This is especially useful for managing populations of early-season white grubs. Therefore, to keep the pest population in an environmentally balanced level and to provide long-term control for the grubs, these tested entomopathogens may serve as possible biocontrol agents against L. mansueta grubs.
