---

Being an analytical as well as critical approach, regionalism comes into contact with culture and cultural context with a special focus on preserving spatial features and prioritizes special regional identity over general global features. Regionalistic issues focus on place, man and technology. Dealing with this in today’s globalized world aiming at redefining the role of place is of paramount importance. Supporters of such theory believe that architecture has to reflect the features of the self and be independent of an emotional view point of region, tradition and history. An investigation of regionalism is feasible through introducing to concept: “societal features” and “fusion”. Societal features introduce geographical, climate and geometric features of the place and social trends that give a particular region. “A sense of place” and a “special feature” to an environment. Fusion refers to such a trend by which a reflection with existing cultural systems of a particular region, and therefore, is enriched and contributes to new fusions. Dating back to old times of architectural thoughts, this theory has experienced a variety of approaches in the same way as other theories have. Investigating the background and history of regionalism in architecture, the present paper attempts to develop prevailing approaches to architecture through looking at scientific viewpoints and evidence. The methodology is qualitative and analytical-interpretive. Documentary research has also been conducted. The findings of studies show that regionalism has been subject to a dramatic change from nativity approaches and physical interpretations and stylistic, geometric as well as aesthetic regional issues to contemporary approaches, social, cultural and ecology matters and human interactions, and it attempts to adjust old prejudiced restrictive thought patterns, strengthen interactive approaches and make the most of global benefits. Emphasis on public participation, establishing patterns based on local needs and potentials aiming at sustainable development, replacing down -top approach to establishing patterns for top-down approach, special consideration of human needs, cultural, social and normative values aiming at resisting homogenized artificial environment, strengthening sense of place, replacing creative protection for reactionary attitude, critical as well as interactive regionalism are all among prevailing regionalistic approaches within physical, ecology and semantic frameworks.

---

Aims Building information modeling (BIM) is a process based on three-dimensional model that has provided tools to change the educational and professional approach. The purpose of this study is to test an active and constructive educational structure with a focus on the BIM approach and the application of this method in promoting the performance and creativity of architecture students in building technology courses.
Methods The research test was performed by quasi-experimental method with experimental and control groups using pretest and posttest. Pre-test was performed by Torrance creativity test and two design tasks and Mann-Whitney U test was used for post-test.
Findings The findings of the analysis of pre-test results did not show a significant difference between the two groups. But by conducting a post-test, the experimental group in the indicators of concept technicality, coordination of executive issues, site technical plan, quantity and quality of phase two plans, executive details, presentation of design and overall score had a significant advantage over the control group.
Conclusion The results show that the use of the proposed educational method was effective in improving the overall performance of students in the experimental group and had a significant advantage over the performance of the control group. Regarding the promotion of studentschr('39') creativity, no significant difference and superiority was observed between the two groups, but the average ranks of students in the experimental group were significantly better than the control group. Therefore, the research results confirm the increase in studentschr('39') learning using this educational approach.

---

The construction industry produces substantial amounts of waste materials, which contribute to negative environmental impacts when disposed of in landfills. Recycling Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) as secondary materials is an effective approach to reducing these negative effects. Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) derived from distressed pavements, buildings, and concrete structures have potential for a variety of applications, including in asphalt mixes. This paper reports experimental research on the use of treated and untreated RCAs in preparing Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). RCA materials were added in both treated and untreated form to HMA mixes. To improve the quality of recycled mixes, RCAs were treated with lime solutions. In order to improve quality of recycled mixes, RCAs were treated with lime solutions before that the recycled mixes were subjected to various tests. The treatment was applied to coarse RCA materials. The coarse RCAs were washed thoroughly, so that all noticeable impurities, including wood chips and other similar materials, were removed. These were then dried at ambient temperature for 24 h before that the treatment was applied. In order to reduce stripping susceptibility of the recycled asphalt mixtures, hydrated lime was added as a treatment additive. The addition of hydrated lime solution was beneficial due to, its abundance the convenience of application in HMA mixes. RCAs were impregnated in a 6% solution of hydrated lime for 24h at ambient temperature. Then these were dried at ambient temperature before being used in asphalt mixes. The physical and mechanical characteristics of the treated/untreated RCAs were determined. Asphalt mixtures were prepared that contained 25% and 50% RCAs of the size ranging from 4.75 to 12.5 mm. Various asphalt mixtures containing different amounts of RCAs were prepared. Moisture susceptibility of HMA mixes were evaluated using indirect tensile strength test (ITS). Fracture properties of mixes applying Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) were determined. SCB testing was performed according to ASTM D 8044 Standard testing method. Samples were prepared containing three different notches of 25, 32, and 38 mm. SCB samples were tested using a UTM machine. The loading mode as in monotonic compression at the speed of 0.5 mm/min. J-integral suggests as a criterion for resistance of materials to cracking. Testing was performed on HMA mixes treated and untreated samples. The results indicated that although treating RCAs might require more effort in production processing, significant benefits result in reducing moisture susceptibility and increasing fracture toughness of samples. It was also found that replacing virgin aggregates with RCA, improved fracture properties of HMA mixtures. The results indicated that with using RCA instead of conventional aggregates in asphalt mixes, has positive benefits for the environment and enhanced mechanical properties of HMA mixtures. A limited percentage of RCAs can be used in asphalt mixtures without significantly affecting performance of asphalt mixtures. The treatment resulted in reduced water absorption and increased fracture energy of mixes. Asphalt mixes containing 50% untreated RCA materials showed some moisture susceptibility while asphalt mixes containing 50% treated RCA showed improved moisture resistance. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that treating RCAs with hydrated lime solution improved the moisture susceptibility and fracture resistance of recycled HMA mixtures. Furthermore, utilizing recycled construction materials as secondary materials in asphalt mixes has significant environmental benefits. Future research can explore the potential use of various waste materials, including RCAs, in asphalt mixes.