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 So far, various translations of Nahj al-Balaghah into Persian have been made, but in general, due to the shortcomings in the translation of Arabic into Persian, these translations have been criticized by some litterateurs. The present study critiques the lexical aspect of the translation of "Derivatives of Estef’al" in the sermon of Nahj al-Balagheh. Since one of the most important tools to eliminate translation deficiencies is scientific critique and evaluation using literary science e.g. vocabulary, grammar, syntax and rhetoric, and an important prerequisite in this category is familiarity with vocabulary. Ignoring of vocabulary causes serious harms to translation. This research addresses the harms related to issues in understanding the semantic meaning of terms, including (disregard of the root-meaning of the word, disregard for the meanings of the subject, omission, and so on) and in this case, 5 Persian translations of the sermon of Nahj al-Balaghah (Faiz al-Islam, Dashti, Shahidi, Ansari and Zamani), by referring to the main literature of this aspect, and discovering the exact meaning of the word were reviewed. It should be noted that in the sermons of Nahj al-Balaghah, the derivatives of the "Estef’al" have been used 293 times, and 35 lexical mistakes have been found.