---

Giles, Goat-Boy is a black comedy to bite everyone. Embodied in a postmodern fabulation, Barth’s sense of humor allows him to create a political allegory on any structure of power that claims to save humanity. GILES, a hybrid of a machine and a goat, is tasked with the mission to lead the so-called academic society through instrumental intellect. But he can only go so far as not to create a conflict of interest between the ruling powers. The pattern used in creating Giles is an imitation of the classic patterns in creation and journey of a hero, except that Giles is destined to appear as a scapegoat against the positivist Sphinx of Time. Such an approach begs the main question of the research: How ideological systems sacrifice their heroes to secure their interests? This hypothesis is also in line with Frankfurt School’s critical theory, which considers the capitalist system to be a violation of freedom and social values. The intellectuals such as Horkheimer and Adorno consider man to be a victim of objectification and alienation arising from social and political conflicts. They also believe that hegemonic systems have humiliated man with false pleasures. Just as Giles fails to reform the most powerful ruling system, WESCAC, so Barth symbolically paints a bleak picture of human destiny in modern society today. The purpose of the research is to raise human awareness about the harsh laws that are the ominous products of instrumental intellect, as one of the defining elements of capitalist system.
 

---

According to the resource based attitude, the capabilities of information systems improve firms’ performance and competitive advantages through three ways: 1) inside-outside capabilities, 2) outside-inside capabilities and 3) spanning capabilities. Because of the importance of systematic study on the relationship between these capabilities and firms’ performance this paper was aimed at investigating this relationship using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). We utilized the FAHP because of existing several indices, complexity of decisions and uncertainties that are intrinsically involved in the evaluation of these capabilities. The results imply that among the criteria, return on sales and cost of sold goods are two key criteria that facilitate firms’ success. Moreover, inside-outside capabilities regard a good stimulus for improving firms’ performance. Then, firms’ internal capabilities are more important in responding to market than outside-inside capabilities.

---

The purpose of this paper is to examine the dimensions, antecedents, and consequences of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in Supplying Automotive Carts Company (SAPCO). By conceptualizing and operationalizing OCB as extra-role and voluntarily discretionary performance directed to individual (OCBI) and organization (OCBO), empirical results showed that Leader-member Exchange (LMX), Perceived Organizational Support (POS), Psychological Contract Violation (PCV), and Job Involvement (JI) can somehow be viewed as an antecedents of OCB. Only PCV and JI didn’t support OCBI. Also, OCBO had significantly positive impact On Intention to Leave (OtL), but OCBI not. General implication of results is that social exchange theory, especially reciprocity norm can be a good framework for explaining OCB antecedents. However, this is modified regarding some part of PCV.  Also, doing or not doing OCBI cannot be a good symbol for turnover intention.  

---

Mullah Rajab Ali Tabrizi is one of the philosophers concerned about the issue of "verbal or spiritual sharing of the concept of existence". While referring to some of the predecessors' opinions, Tabrizi is based on some ontological foundations. From an epistemological point of view, Tabrizi believed in a close relationship between concepts and examples. Therefore, one cannot expect such a realist thinker to rule on a concept such as existence, regardless of its examples. Also, Tabrizi's disbelief in credit concepts in philosophy aligns with his opinion on the verbal sharing of existence. Contrary to Khatunabadi's theory, this point was not the main reason for Hakim's tendency towards the idea of verbal sharing; Rather, Tabrizi's main addressee in this matter is Mulla-Sadra, who has a special understanding of verbal sharing and based on it, he puts forward the challenging idea of doubting the truth of existence, which Tabrizi does not accept.

---

Rapid technological changes, intense competition of enterprises, and globalization have transformed the phenomenon of financial distress and corporate bankruptcy into a major issue in financial and investment literature. Bankruptcy attracted the attention of financial sector activists, including investors, lenders, suppliers, business partners, and governments. Considering the role of intellectual capital in organizations, one can expect that companies with a richer intellectual capital are more intelligent in avoiding bankruptcy. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of intellectual capital and its components (including human capital, structural capital, and customer capital) on firms’ probability of bankruptcy in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the data of 147 firms from Tehran Stock Exchange that are selected by systematic elimination method were studied during time period of 1387 to 1393. In order to measure the intellectual capital, the PULIC model applied and to assess the probability of bankruptcy, conversion of Zscore results (from Altman Model) to the probability used. Also, to test hypotheses, multivariate regression models with hybrid data have been used. The results of the hypothesis test show that intellectual capital and its components have reverse (negative) and significant effects on the firms’ probability of bankruptcy in Tehran Stock Exchange.

---

The present study is a comparative study of Jean-Paul Sartre’s The Age of Reason and Iris Murdoch’s The Bell. The main focus is on “unreliable narrator” which is a popular concept at the present time when humanity enjoys manipulating each other and suffers himself from misunderstandings. Wayne C. Booth was the earliest theorist who provided a practical definition of “unreliable narrator” and his theory is considered as the framework. Previously, the studies only focused on homodiegetic narrators but, here, other narrative techniques are analyzed. In other words, the point of view and the presence of multiple perspectives and voices are crucial in the analysis of unreliable narratives. These narrative techniques and unreliable narrators are scrutinized at the social and political contexts of the novels. Accordingly, New Historicism, specifically Stephen Greenblatt’s theory, is used as another approach to reveal the presence and function of the unreliable narrators in the selected literary works.
 

---

One of the most important difficulties with existing companies ranking models is their emphasis on just one critical index, such as income or sale. In other word, they rank companies in terms of their activity size not their performance, excellence and advantages. The aim of this paper is to remove this difficulty by designing a general comprehensive raking model based on companies performance, excellence and advantages. The proposed model is an extension to Balanced Score Card (BSC) model. It conists of 6 major components named financial, internal process, customer, development and innovation, human resources and finally management. It also includes 422 indices, and applies MADM technique for weighting indices and final ranking. The model is also practically tested to rank 8 major Iranian automobile makers based on 40 existing data in Tehran Stock Exchange. The results of ranking provided at the ending section of the paper.

---

  Although Bakhtin did not formulate any theory of subjectivity per se, the problem of subject or, as he called it, “self” formed one of his main critical interests. This study focuses on his definition of “dialogic self” and the different notions of subjectivity discussed in his books in the course of his twenty-five year career. For convenience, five stages are introduced through which Bakhtin has constituted his definition of subjectivity by taking a piecemeal approach to the issue. These stages are labeled as: ethical, aesthetic, novelistic, carnivalesque, and dialogic subject. Except for the carnivalesque stage, each of these stages is built on the modification of the previous stages about subjectivity. It was only in the carnivalesque subject that he discusses a new characteristic for the subject—a characteristic that was eventually omitted in his final paradigm. Two of the contemporary theories of “dialogic self” predicated on Bakhtin’s ideas are also briefly discussed in this study. One is Hermans’ theory of subject-space/subject-position, and the embodied dialogic subject, and the second is the later developments on Hermans’ theory of the dialogic self.

---

---

Customer satisfaction through improving service quality considers a critical sucsess factor in the super service organizations. Because of importance of quality and its effects on customer satisfaction in service industries, the key question is how the quality of services can be evaluated. The aim of this paper to determine the most important factors affecting bank service quality, to calculate and analyze effective factors in bank service quality from view points of bank customers and employees, to analyze the gap between customers and employees' expectations and bank performance and finally to provide the posibility of valid scientific improving bank future performance. Factors affecting bank service quality were defined according to the literature. We also asked bank and academic experts view points to adjust the factors and confirm their validity. To calculate factors relative importance weights, a questionair was designed and distributed among a sample group of customers and employees selected randomly. Results of the statistical analyzes show a meaningful difference between the importance weights determined by customers and employees. Also, there is a meaningful differnce between customers and employees priority concerning corrective measures for better future performance. In addition to statistical analyzes, we measured and evaluated bank service quality using four well known models (SERVQUAL, weighted SERVQUAL, SERVPERF, and SERVIMPERF models). The results imply that in all models, not only both customers and employees scored bank service quality more than average, but also customers average score on bank service quality was meaningfully higher than employees average score. Generally, results of this research provided a set of valuable data to bank in order to improve its service quality in future based on both its customers and employees view points.

---

Objective: 22q11.2 chromosomal region is a hot spot for many cytogenetic rearrangements especially microdeletions which are responsible for DiGeorge and VeloCardioFacial syndromes. The most characteristic sign in these patients is congenital cardiac conotruncal anomalies. The gold standard diagnostic test for these microdeletions is FISH (Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization). However this diagnostic technique has some drawbacks such as high final cost and low sensitivity in smaller and uncommon microdeletions found in this region. The aim of this study was to introduce a less expensive and a priori more sensitive molecular method to help small and peripheral laboratories to find genetic causes of congenital heart diseases and DiGeorge syndrome. Materials and Methods: 10 patients with congenital conotruncal anomalies and symptoms of DiGeorge syndrome were included in this study. These patients had been analyzed by FISH probe TUPLE1 before the inclusion. 3 normal persons were included as normal controls for microdeletion region. Semi Quantitative Multiplex PCRs were designed based on known markers in and out of the region of intrest. Results were analyzed by TotalLab software. Results: 4 patients showed a decrease in gene dosage more than 60% compared to normal persons. FISH analysis found only one patient with microdeletion. Conclusion: The designed method based on semi quantitative PCR was able to find 4 patients (40%) with microdeletion in a population of 10 patients with congenital cardiac anomalies. This technique was also able to find microdeletions in three FISH negative patients. Molecular diagnosis of microdeletions is supposed to be more sensitive than FISH in small microdeletions. This study confirms the presence of atypical deletions in Iranian patients and shows that the applied technique can detect some FISH negative patients. However further studies are needed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the mentioned molecular diagnosis. It seems that this can be used at least for the patients with typical phenotypic features of 22q11DS and negative FISH results.

---

Aims Due to increase of demand for industrial and agricultural products, many tropical regions of Iran have experienced landscape changes. The present study aims to detect the land use/land cover (LULC) using some pixel/object-based approaches.
 
Method This research was conducted in Jiroft area using some pixel-based and object-based image analysing methods (PBIA and OBIA respectively). To this end, at the first phase, the LULC maps were extracted using PBIA for September, 2020. The PBIA are including as Mahalanobis distance (MD), maximum likelihood (ML), neural network (NN), support vector machine (SVM). At the second phase, the LULC was produced using OBIA approach, encompassing the multi-resolution method and decision tree (DT) technique, for segmentation and classification respectively. Using a hybrid methodology, the high-resolution images of Worldview-2 were segmented. The segmented objects were later combined with the 7-month time series of NDVI, to find the necessary thresholds for DT.
 
Findings Results of the LULC maps demonstrated that the kappa coefficient and overall accuracy for ISODATA, MD, ML, NN, and SVM methods were calculated to be (51%, 66%), (81%, 86%), (88%, 91%), (90%, 93%) and (88% and 92%), respectively. The outcomes of the second phase for mapping the LULC showed the OBIA achieved a high overall accuracy of about 96%.
Conclusion among the PBIA techniques and regarding both accuracy and execution time, the ML was the best. Although both PBIA and OBIA approaches are applicable in mapping LULC, the OBIA significantly outperformed the PBIA classifiers by higher overall accuracy and Kappa statistics

---

This study investigates effects of managers' overconfidence on quality of auditing and audit fees for companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. To estimate model and test research hypotheses, 128 companies were selected as a sample from 1389 to 1396. After conducting descriptive statistics’ tests, stationary, correlation, F-Lemmer and Hausman tests were performed to determine the type of estimation model. Finally, the panel data method with fixed effects was determined for regression analysis. Results indicate that there is a positive effects for the managers’ overconfidence on the quality of auditing and audit fees, as well as positive effects of audit quality on the cost of auditing.

---

Aims: Over the past twenty years, Iran has experienced a rise in extreme temperatures, particularly in hot events like extreme temperatures, as indicated by recent studies. This research seeks to analyze the annual maximum temperatures (AMT) in the dry Province of Kerman, Iran, focusing on both stationary (S) and nonstationary (NS) behavior.
Materials & Methods: Trend, homogeneity, and stationarity tests were utilized to identify the critical characteristics of the AMTs from 1979 to 2019. Frequency analysis of the AMTs was conducted using both stationary Generalized Extreme Value (S-GEV) and nonstationary GEV (NS-GEV) models, estimating distribution parameters through a maximum likelihood estimator(MLE). In addition to the time-varying NS-GEV (TNS-GEV) investigations, soil moisture (SM) was incorporated as a covariate. 
Findings: Results demonstrate that, compared to the S-GEV case, the NS-GEV frequency analyses significantly impact the return values of the AMTs, leading to an increase. The NS-GEV estimations for 50-year return levels were significantly higher than those in the S-GEV. The study’s findings revealed that the average Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) for both the S-GEV and TNS-GEV estimations decreased from 110 to 71 across all 12 selected stations in Kerman Province. The AIC value for the NS-GEV with the soil moisture (SM) covariate was approximately 94. Thus, the TNS-GEV frequency analysis of AMTs resulted in improved AIC values compared to the NS-GEV with soil moisture as the covariate.
Conclusion: Given the nonstationary (NS) conditions caused by natural and/or human activities, it is recommended to utilize NS frequency analysis for estimating hydrologic variables across different design periods. It has been noted that NS-GEV frequency analyses lead to higher return levels of AMTs than S-GEV analyses.

---

Capital markets play important roles in economic development of countries and financial policy makers are very interested to have more information about the stock markets attractiveness for investors. One of the most important questions about the stock markets is about the relationship between the attraction of stock market investments with out-of-stock market investments. This paper aimed at investigating the relationship between the out of stock investments (bank deposits and governmental industrial development bonds investments) with the attractiveness of investing in Tehran Stock Exchange (market liquidity and capitalization). The results, at 95% confidence level, revealed that there is a significant positive association between these two markets (monetary and capital markets). The results also implied that investment in these two markets not only is not competitive but complementary.Accordingly, it is concluded that out-of-stock market investments do not reduce stock market investment attraction. This finding is very important when investors will build up a portfolio investment in Iranian markets.

---

Aims: The purpose of the research is to identify strategies for green adaptive reuse of the shared-heritage of Iran and Germany which were built during WWI and WWII in Mazandaran, and to identify the role of green adaptive reuse in the sustainable development of local communities. The research is to identify the effective components in green contemporization of Mazandaran industrial heritage buildings, and the impact of each criterion on the sustainable development of local communities.
Methods: The AHP method is adopted to evaluate the opinions of the experts by combination of questionnaire and the Delphi method. By examining the industrial heritage of Mazandaran and comparing its position with similar cases, the effective components of the green contemporization process were prioritized.
Findings: The industrial heritage of Mazandaran including the Babol cotton factory with 26.6%, the GhaemShahr textile factory with 21%, the Naseri-way with 20.6%, the Chalous-Metal-Bridge with 16.8% and Lar-Stone-Bridge with 15.5% will be effective in development of the local communities of Mazandaran by means of development of tourism.
Conclusion: The development of industrial heritage with the priority of sustainable social development leads to the development of local communities. The conclusion emphasizes on the priority of tourism development by creating access security, possibility of sale, public and private arena, optimal use of the ruined area, creating a multi-purpose use and organizing commercial units, as well as cultural development with protection of works, integrated development, holding cultural activities will play an effective role in the development of local communities in Mazandaran.

---

---

Toyday Six sigma method is known as an efficient and effective method of solving the problem.The most common methodology in six sigma is DMAIC that includes five steps: Defenition, Measurement, Analysis, Improvement and Control. One of the most important bases of six sigma methodology is the use a lot of statistical techniques and methods for data analysis and identification of the basical cause of defects. On the other hand, one of the prominences of this method comparing to the other improvement methods is the use of statistical methods so that by the use of statistical tools in analysis phase one can measure the effects of potential causes on critical factors. So far, many classifications of statistical techniques and statistical tests have been offered in the analysis phase of six sigma, Which are often divided into two parts: parametric and nonparametric. Of course, there are a lot of difficulties for using these techniques. The aim of this research in the first sage was to recognize the inadequencies and lack of statistical tests in the analysis phase; then, to present a technique to remove the difficulties by using Multiple Attribute Decision Making in the operation research. The results of this research reveated three classes of major difficulties using the statistical tests: 1- Most of nonparametric statistical tests have less confidence and strenghth than parametric tests.Futher, they do not enjoy sufficient accurancy. 2- When the amount of the considerated data or the sample size is not large enough. 3- In some cases, no statistical tests(either parametric or nonparametric) is proportional to the conditions of six sigma research. In this research, we reviewed the valid scientific sources available in the field of MADM (Multi Attribute Decisin Making) and the types of classification of these methods to remove defects. At the end, a new method (algorithm) to apply MADM in the analyse phase of six sigma was developed. The algorithm pays attention to the Decision Maker, MADM characteristics, the problem characteristics and chracteristics of the obtained solution. Applying of this new algorithm, in the cases that statistical tests do not have sufficient strength and accurancy, can strongly increase the efficiency of six sigma methodology.

---

---

β-galactosidase is one of the most important and widely used enzymes in three areas of health, Food Industry and environment, so kinetic modeling of this enzyme could be playing an important role in the optimization of its industrial production process. First, in this study kinetic of β-galactosidase production by Bacillus licheniformis bacteria in batch fermentation was evaluated during 22 hours, in the range of 20-50 g/l of initial lactose concentration as a limiting substrate, at 30 ° C. Then, with the observation of inhibition at the highest concentration of this range, logistic and Haldane kinetic models were selected to model and determine the kinetic parameters of fermentation. These models were obtained a good approximation of the experimental results of substrate utilization in all phases and microbial growth data in the exponential growth phase and the stationary phase, but minor deviations of the experimental data were observed in the decelerating growth phase. In addition, β-galactosidase activity results were in good agreement with experimental data, and the maximum deviation in this data was observed in initial concentrations 30 and 40 g/l of substrate simultaneously with the end of the exponential phase and beginning of decelerating phase of microbial growth (The fourth hours of starting inoculum). The linear regressions between experimental data and results obtained from the models, in all initial concentration of lactose and for each variable biomass concentration, substrate concentration and enzyme activity, was more than 0.95.