Showing 5 results for Amrollahi
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Summer 2018)
Abstract
Aims: No study has been conducted on the antibacterial activity of sea anemone in the Persian Gulf region; thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic effect of Stichodactyla haddoni from Persian Gulf.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, sea anemone samples were collected from the coast of Persian Gulf (Hormoz Island) and their extraction was performed with organic solvents such as methanol, dichloromethane, and acetone. The effect of the extract obtained on human pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, and fungus strains such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger was tested, using agar disk diffusion method. The cytotoxicity of this anemic was evaluated, using brine shrimp test (BST) method on Artemia salina. The data were analyzed by SPSS 19, using Probit regression test.
Findings: The extracts studied in this study showed little anti-bacterial effect. In antifungal assay, inhibition zone was showing maximum of 17mm at 16µg concentration against Aspergillus niger of acetone extract of S.haddoni. The methanolic extracts of S.haddoni tissue had a higher cytotoxicity with less LC50 (609 330/μg/ml) than acetone and diclormethanic extracts.
Conclusion: Methanolic, acetone, and diclormethanic extracts, from S.haddoni have an antifungal effect on their antibacterial properties. It also has significant cytotoxic effects, which is higher in methanolic extract than acetone and diclormethanic extracts.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Nurse Competency Predicting Scale (NCPS) scores and those of the Principles and the course of Techniques of Nursing Procedures (PTNPs), particularly its theoretical and practical units, among nursing students.
Instrument & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the new entrance nursing students at the Guilan University of Medical Sciences. In total, 175 nursing students were recruited by the census method. Then, the NCPS was completed online, and the data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, and t-test by SPSS 21.
Findings: The mean NCPS score of the students was 73.14±10.23. A statistically significant relationship was observed between the nursing students’ paramedic clinical experience, reason for choosing nursing as their field of study, interest in studying nursing, desire to work in the nursing profession, and intention of doing a PhD degree and their NCPS scores (p<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant relationship between the NCPS scores and scores of the course of PTNPs, and the first internship scores (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The capacity to acquire NC among the new entrance nursing students is at a high level. Here, the students with the intention of doing a PhD, and a history of paramedic clinical experience, interested in studying nursing and working in the nursing profession reported a higher NC. Considering these key factors during university admissions can be suggested to strengthen NC in the nursing profession.
Volume 12, Issue 2 (Summer 2022)
Abstract
Aims: Urban streets and highways are the expressions of the visual environment, and urban streets facades are the main elements influencing the urban environment's quality. On the one hand, murals as Urban Art can play an influential role in improving the quality of the urban facades. On the other hand, maintaining facades with murals is one of the principal challenges for city managers regarding financial dimensions and workforce. This study aims to provide a solution to maintain the quality of the facades in urban highways with murals because highways face many problems compared to other urban spaces due to difficult conditions in the implementation and maintenance of murals.
Methods: This study investigated using TiO2 photocatalytic nanoparticles to maintain murals on urban highways. For this purpose, the cost of implementing murals with self-cleaning and non-self-cleaning materials versus cleaning costs facades for ten years was calculated. This comparison has been made on the facades of Imam Ali Highway in Tehran.
Findings: Cost estimates show that using self-cleaning paints and coatings containing titanium dioxide reduces the need to clean the facades over time. Furthermore, this will reduce economic and workforce costs and keep the urban facades of the highway clean and the quality of the urban environment improved.
Conclusion: TiO2 photocatalytic nanoparticles can raise the durability of murals and reduce their maintenance costs. This is a promising solution that can execute the aspirations of city managers in maintaining the quality of urban facades.
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Aims: In recent years, awareness of how urban surfaces can improve the microclimate has grown. Meanwhile, the challenge of using cool materials in urban spaces to change the microclimate is significant. Because urban surfaces are made up of two types of vertical surfaces (urban facades) and horizontal surfaces (pavements), each of which has a different impact based on where it is set.
Methods: This research investigates the cooling effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based photocatalytic self-cleaning material (P-S-TiO2) in an urban square. Materials and methods: This study experimentally studied the evaluation of these materials on horizontal and vertical urban surfaces using ENVI-met software in the space of an urban square, a topic unexplored in earlier research.
Findings: The findings show that when these materials were used in the square's pavement, the air temperature of the urban space of the square at the height of 1.5 meters decreased by about 0.6°C because the square's pavement is about 16°C cooler. Meanwhile, the simulation results showed that if these materials are used in the urban facades of the square, there will be no noticeable change in the air temperature.
Conclusion: The conclusion of this research will increase awareness of how to use P-S-TiO2 on both vertical and horizontal surfaces. In other words, using these materials on horizontal surfaces benefits the urban microclimate. Improving the urban microclimate increases the quality of the urban space of JOLFA neighborhood square.
Volume 20, Issue 3 (5-2018)
Abstract
This study evaluated the impact of substrate composition on macrobenthos distribution using a new Coverage Range Index (CRI), and diversity index variables and macrobenthos data sets obtained over a period of 12 months, between June 2015 and June 2016, along 6 sampling transects at 2 sites. The selected transects were all situated in littoral zone of Hormuz Island in the Persian Gulf and had hard bottom type with different substrate compositions. Accordingly, macrobenthos samples at each site were taken from 3 hard bottom types: boulder, cobble, and pebble. CRI and diversity indices (Simpson, Shannon-Wiener, Pielou, Brillouin, Menhinick, Margalef and Berger-Parker) were employed to evaluate the abundance of macrobenthos. CRI was also selected to tentatively assign the investigated abundance range of macrobenthos into 3 coverage range categories: wide, middle, narrow. CRI boundary of the categories was estimated. The analyses of CRI and diversity indices revealed a similar clustering between the sampling transects. These findings indicate that CRI is a simpler indicator in assessing abundance of macrobenthos than diversity indices, because CRI is only based on species abundance, but diversity indices are based on both species number and abundance. Hence, CRI proved to be a universal ecological index due to its different ranges of small to large samples, rare species to dominant ones, and individual specimens to polyps of animal colonies. Future study should focus on extending the database to test CRI in other bottom types. Finally, the results from this study may be useful not only for developing countries but also for any organization struggling to use macrobenthos based indices with restricted financial resources and knowledge.
