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Aim: Recently, prevention of osteoporosis has become the goal of many health professionals. Behavior change is one of the most powerful strategies for osteoporosis prevention. This study aimed to determine calcium intake in order to identify osteoporosis preventive behavior in women aged 30-50 years in Khorramabad city, Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 269 women aged 30-50 years who were selected from all the health centers of Khorramabad city according to the inclusion criteria of the study and by cluster and systematic sampling. The tools for data collection were valid and reliable questionnaires of demographic information, stages of change, decisional balance, self-efficacy, and calcium intake. Chi-square test and logistic regression were applied to analyze the data. Findings: The mean age of the subjects was 38.72±7.003, and the mean total calcium weekly intake was 3191.03±3869.24. The results also showed that self-efficacy among the constructs of the Trans-theoretical Model (TTM) was a significant predictive of dietary calcium intake for the behavior. Conclusion: The results showed that the weekly intake calcium in women was low. Self-efficacy among the constructs of the TTM was the only significant predictive for osteoporosis prevention behavior. Therefore, the findings of this study can be considered when designing educational interventions for prevention of osteoporosis by health authorities.

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Nahj al-balagha is one of the most valuable religious books that has a unique position among Shiite Muslims worldwide. This precious work includes significant aspects which have persuaded many to translate. Translating religious texts in comparison with others has excellent sensitivity, confronting the translators with lots of limitations.  However, these texts were not an exception to manipulation. One of the most challenging subjects in this book is related to women. Women’s position in Imam Ali’s words is always in dispute among translators. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of translators’ gender and ideology in translating Nahj al-balagha’s sermons, letters, and sayings about women in Dashti and Aghamirzaei’s translations. To achieve this goal, those words and sentences related to women were selected, compared, and analyzed according to Farahzad critical discourse analysis model and Zuberga manipulation strategies. The result of the research revealed that in their translation, ideology has had a significant role and has made a great difference. Moreover, it was proved that there was no significant relationship between the translator’s gender and the gendered translation. Surprisingly, despite being a male translator,  Dashti has translated these parts more positively than Aghamirzaei as a female translator.
 

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Aims: The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of three commercial prebiotics A-Max, Celmanax and Ultra (each of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg diets) on growth, feed performance and blood biochemical compounds of beluga juvenile.
Materials & Methods: 900 fish with average weight of 21.5± 0.89 gr feeding was performed in 9 treatments (which on with three replicate) for 60 days. Control treatment was without supplementation. Fish were fed to satiation triple daily of 5% body weight. At the end of this period, the feed and growth performance were measured.
Findings: There was a significantly higher final body weight in ultra 0.5 (90.00± 21.78 g) compared with control (37.50± 9.60 g). The highest and lowest of food conversion were in treatments control and ultra (0.5), respectively. The results showed that the highest Fat and protein efficiency ratio was obtained in Ultra 0.5 (2.19± 0.77 and 7.37± 2.60) and lowest in control. Generally, the best treatments were in groups: Celmanax (dose of 0.5), A-Max (dose of 1.5) and Ultra (0.5). In addition, after determining the proper dose, blood samples were collected fish in the above-mentioned treatments. Based on the results of blood biochemistry parameters, there were no significant difference AST, ALP and ALT activity, so that the highest amount was obtained in the control. There were no significant differences in protein and cortisol experiment groups.
Conclusion: The results showed that the use of prebiotics in juvenile sturgeon diet has positive effects on feed performance and blood biochemical parameters.

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Objective: The LRR (leucine rich proteoglycans) is a molecular recognition motif found in proteins with some roles in cell adhesion, signal transduction, DNA repair and RNA processing. Opticin is a member of this family. Takanosu et al (2001) detected messenger RNA expression of mouse opticin in the eye, heart, brain, testis, thyroid and epididymis by dot blot hybridization. In this study, expression levels of mRNA and protein of opticin was investigated by two monoclonal antibodies which were raised against opticin peptides. By this method structure of opticin in human and mouse has been studied. Materials and Methods: Mouse tissues including, kidney, testis, liver, lung, heart, brain, muscle, spleen and eye were isolated. Opticin expression was identified at mRNA and protein levels by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results: PCR analysis revealed that opticin mRNA is expressed in all the tissues studied except for the lung. However, opticin protein was detected in all tissues analyzed. Conclusion: Expression of opticin in the adult murine tissues may suggest functions other than that of putative regulation of vitreous collagen fibrillogenesis for this molecule.

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Aims: Inappropriate dietary habits, particularly the growing tendency to consume fast food, pose significant health challenges in modern society, especially among adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a health education program based on the theory of planned behavior in reducing fast food consumption among female high school students.
Materials & Methods: In this study, the sample size was determined to be 38 individuals per group (95% CI and 90% power), but 50 individuals were included to increase accuracy. Thus, cluster random sampling divided 100 students from District 4 of Tehran into control and intervention groups. Data were collected via a valid questionnaire assessed by five health education professors, covering demographic information, knowledge, and theory of planned behavior constructs. The intervention group participated in three 50-minute educational sessions, which included lectures, Q&A discussions, and the distribution of brochures and books. The data were analyzed using SPSS-22, employing statistical tests, such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and independent t-tests.
Findings: Following the educational intervention, the mean scores for attitude (p=0.002), subjective norms (p=0.005), and perceived behavioral control (p=0.005) were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. However, no significant changes were observed in knowledge (p=0.936), behavioral intention (p=0.393), and behavior (p=0.721) related to reducing fast food consumption.
Conclusion: The educational program based on the theory of planned behavior is effective in improving attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.
 

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Cinnamon is a flavoring compound with antioxidant activity derived from phenolic and nonphenolic volatile compounds of the bark. In this study, RSM statistical software of central composite design (CCD) with coefficient α = 2 and three factors A: percentage of cinnamon replacement with cardamom (0-100%) and factor B: percentage of animal butter replacement with plant butter (0-100%) and factor C: cooking temperature (110-130  ) were used. Test responses were: texture and color. Then optimum samples 1 and 2 were compared with control at 0-15-30-45 days after production by SPSS software for physicochemical parameters including hardness, density, sensory acceptability, peroxide number, thiobarbituric acid index, anisidine number, and Totoxes were compared. Sohan-Polaki treated with cinnamon and butter had lower peroxide, anisidine number and toxic index compared to control. The Sohan-Polaki treated with cinnamon and butter had a higher density than the control. The hardness of cinnamon and animal butter-treated sohans was not significantly different from the control treatment. Cinnamon and butter-treated Sohan-Polaki had more sensory properties than control. Increasing the percentage of cinnamon at a 25% replacement level compared to 75% replacement level showed higher hardness at all temperatures studied. With the increase in the percentage of butter in the formulation of Sohan-Polaki, the hardness decreased. At the 50% substitution level of cinnamon, the same hardness was observed at both substitution levels (25% and 75%). The same trend was observed for the brightness index with increasing cinnamon content at both 115 and 125 ° C at three levels of animal butter replacement (25, 50 and 75%). With the increase in animal butter in the formulation, the index a* was increased, so that the highest a* was obtained for the 25% cinnamon replacement level and the 75% animal butter replacement level.

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Nowadays, studies have been developing in order to use antimicrobial properties of plants instead of using synthetic preservatives. Jujube is one of the famous herbs.  Jujube (Ziziphus jujube. Mill) belongs to family of Ramnaseh and native to the central areas of the Iran plateau. The fruit, leaves and root of this plant have medicinal and wellness properties. In this study, evaluated some physico-chemical of jujube extract (Extraction yield, Moisture, water activity, Fat content, Ash, Brix) and its effect on the mold of Aspergillus flavus. Extraction of dried and Ground jujube fruit was done by soaking with Hydroethanol solvent. Chemical composition of the extract was determined by GC-MS method. So the evaluated minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungal concentration (MFC) of extract against Aspergillus fulvous (PTCC 5004) by the dilution method in a liquid medium. In the next step, different concentrations of the extract were sprayed on corn grains and after placing a disk containing suspension of Mold spores in each petri dish. Growth of mold on corn grains was measured during 7 days. The results showed that the hydroethanolic extract of jujube fruit has an anti-mold effect against Aspergillus fulvous and the minimum inhibitory concentration of extract in the culture medium was determined 350 μg / ml and there was not observed any lethality at concentrations less than 1000 μg / ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract in the blanched corn grain medium was 5000 μg / ml. Therefore, the hydroethanolic extract of jujube fruit has an inhibitory effect on Aspergillus flavus but does not have the inactivation effect on this mold and its spores.

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In this study, the effect of adding different concentrations of Bene kernel (5 and 10%) and its microliposomes (400 ppm) on the physicochemical and sensory properties of cream was investigated. The treatments of this research were as follow: T1 (cream with 30% fat), T2 (cream with 20% fat and microliposome), T3 (cream with 20% fat+ microliposome and 5% Bene kernel oil), T4 (cream with 20% fat+ microliposome and 10% Bene kernel oil). PH and syneresis during storage and the parameters of viscosity, texture, color index and sensory evaluation were measured. Results showed that in all samples, during the storage, syneresis increased and the amount of pH decreased (P <0.05). By adding Bene kernel oil, the viscosity of the samples increased (P <0.05). The addition of 10% Bene kernel oil reduced the brightness and increase softness of the texture, and it was not approved in terms of sensory evaluation. T3 was chosen as optimal treatment. The results of this study showed that encapsulating Bene kernel oil as source of phenolic and tocopherol compounds and also applying its oil, help us using beneficial properties of Bene and also provides a positive step towards the production of low-fat cream and promoting consumer health.

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Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is a plant belonging to the rose family, one of the most important small fruits, which is one of the most popular and widely used berries in the world due to its sweet aroma and taste. In this study, changes in qualitative and phytochemical traits of Kamaroza and Parus strawberry cultivars during 15 days of storage at 4 °C were investigated. In order to determine the possible contamination of strawberry fruit with contaminants, the amount of heavy metals was investigated using the emission spectroscopy technique by ICP. The results of comparing the studied traits in two strawberry cultivars showed that the amount of phenol, flavonoids, flavonols, anthocyanins and carbohydrates in Camarosa cultivar was significantly higher than Parus cultivar. But in terms of fiber content, Parus cultivar had more fiber content. Based on the results of comparing the data of two strawberry cultivars, after 15 days of storage, the amount of phenol, flavonoids, flavonols, carbohydrates and antioxidant capacity showed a significant increase only in Camarosa cultivar. These studies show that in terms of nutritional value and preservation of natural compounds during storage and post-harvest conditions, the type of strawberry cultivar is a determining factor, so that Camarosa has a special advantage over Parus cultivar. Examination of heavy metal results in two strawberry fruit cultivars showed that except for the amount of zinc metal, which in both strawberry species is less than the limit accepted by the World Health Organization, the amount of other heavy metals studied was higher than the standard.