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Huge burden of research in comparative literature in Iran relates to influence studies between Persian literature and other literatures based on the French school, though many of them are not scientific and purposeful due to the theoretical and methodological problems of French school and the methods of Iranians comparatists. This paper has three-part structure: in the first part, we discuss the theory and methodology of influence studies according to the French school. Next, it includes the criticism on the methodology of French school. In the third level, we investigate and analyze some of the theoretical and methodological problems in influence studies in Iran, and we conclude that the lack of appropriate background, imported theory and its mismatch with the literary and scientific needs of the community, incomplete understanding of the theory and the methodology of French school, and unfamiliarity with new approaches in this field are some of the main reasons of problems in influence studies in Iran.  

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The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of folk culture in Joseph Arthur Gobino's travel book entitled “Three Years in Asia” , based on the content analysis method in which he tries to divide these effect in six categories of hospitality, compliments, customs and types, Iranian art, architectural and urban features and the story of his trip to Iran. Superstitious thoughts were also studied and analyzed. The result of this study shows that although in his account of his trip to Iran Gobino was able to provide a detailed account of Iran's morality and behavior patterns, it would be impossible not to ignore the contrast between the European “I " and the oriental “other” that underlies his thoughts and descriptions of different aspects of Iranian life and customs. Conflicts that have a direct impact on the spectator's mind with the other and with what belongs to his territory, followed by his reports and descriptions.
 

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Aims: Healthy and sustainable housing, along with environmental quality, plays a key role in improving social health. This study examines the concepts of environmental quality as an independent variable and social health as a dependent variable, analyzing the impact of these factors on contemporary housing.

Methods: In terms of method, the current research is among mixed research (qualitative-quantitative) and in terms of method and tools, the desired research method is in the qualitative part of the interview and with the focus group method (FGD and the quantitative part of the questionnaire). It was a survey method and data analysis was done using SPSS and Lisrel software with structural equation tests.

Findings: According to the results obtained from analyzing the hypotheses, the components of environmental quality—including economic aspects, human-social dimensions, environmental factors, functional aspects, physical attributes of residential units, aesthetic-formal qualities, visual appeal, the use of natural elements, lighting, safety, and semantic-perceptual features—have a significant impact on improving social health in residential complexes in Ardabil. The factor loadings of the components, ranked in order of impact, are as follows: use of natural elements (0.73), economic aspects (0.70), safety (0.65), visual appeal (0.59), aesthetic-formal qualities (0.53), environmental factors (0.48), human-social dimensions (0.47), functional aspects and lighting (0.46), and physical attributes of residential units (0.42).

Conclusion: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that in order to increase the level of social health in residential complexes, more attention should be paid to environmental quality indicators.
 

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Tube multi-point hydroforming is a new flexible forming technology for manufacturing of various tubular parts that presented and investigated in this paper for first time in the world. In this process, one die is enough to deform tubes to different shapes by utilizing high pressure fluid. In conventional hydroforming, it is necessary to manufacture different dies for producing different geometrical parts. This requires higher process time and cost. In present novel, tube multi-point hydroforming is investigated via FE simulation and experiments. In this process a new die based on multi point forming were designed and manufactured. Due to good formability of brass 70/30, a bulged tube and a rectangular tabular cross section of brass with initial thickness of 2mm are produced by applying this die to the process. The main difference between multi-point die and conventional dies is substituting the rigid surface by wide spaced pins. By adjusting the pins height, different tubular cross sections could be produced. This process is simulated and verified experimentally and defects are predicted. In order to decrease these defects an elastic layer of polyurethane is used. According to the simulation, maximum decreases in thickness are 11% and 17% for the bulged and rectangular cross section samples. These results are matched with the experiment.