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In present study, dried pomegranate peel of three dominant Iranian varieties was extracted by soxhlet extraction (SE) method via four solvents. In this study Five anthocyanins were identified and quantified in the extracts by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometric detector at wavelength of 517 nm according to their retention times and external standard method. According to the results extraction yield of Poost Siyahe Shirine Ardestan (PSSA) variety is more than other two varieties and extraction yield of ethanolic extracts is more than other solvents in p≤0.05. HPLC analysis was indicated pomegranate peel include of more mono glucoside anthocyanins than di glucoside anthocyanins also the most of anthocyanins particularly mono glucoside anthocyanins were detected in ethanolic extract obtained from dried peel of PSSA variety.    

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Braces systems have been commonly used as load-bearing systems in steel structures due to their easy and rapid construction and erection, reduced amount of materials used for the lateral load-bearing system (as compared to the shear wall system), and higher conformity with structural deformations at upper stories Buildings in seismic regions are prone to severe damage due to large deformations and low capacity to absorb energy. X-bracing is effectively employed in maintaining the structure stability when earthquakes occur or extreme lateral loads act on the structure. The widespread use of X-bracing systems in steel structures reveals the importance of understanding mid-connections in this kind of braces. When applying a lateral force on X-braces, one structural member comes under tension while the second one is under stress. Buckling occurs to the member subjected to stress and when effective length factor reduces, the member handles a more critical load. X-brace effective length factor is not only influenced by end connection forces but it also depends on mid-connection and its implementation. If the stiffness of tensile bracing is considerable enough, the mid-connection can provide the interaction between the two braces. In fact, should the mid-connection have enough bond, stress brace buckling will be in the second mode. In this state, when the mid-connection slightly changes into a lateral sway, it stops and the stress bracing deforms as double-curved. Nevertheless, in its ideal state, the mid-connection lateral displacement is considered zero. This study aims to design based on Abaqus 3D software the two new mid-connections, flanged joint, and yielding ductile shear panel. Their buckling and post-buckling were also analyzed using nonlinear geometry and materials. In flanged joint, one member is bonded and two other ones are connected to this bonded member. Interior stiffener is used to prevent this bonded member from crushing. Furthermore, in new X-bracing systems instead of mid-connection sheets a yielding ductile shear panel is used. This sample was examined in two modes with and without stiffener. The results indicate that flanged joint increases the critical load and consequently decreases X-bracing effective length factor. This joint also leads to brace buckling coordinate or as it is known as X-bracing second mode buckling. This kind of buckling increases the ultimate strength and decreases displacement outside of bracing member sheet compared to that of the common joint. Furthermore, yielding ductile shear panel connection increases the X-bracing critical load as well as decreases X-brace effective length factor. The using of stiffener in this kind of connection improves loading and reduces X-brace effective length factor. The connection along with the stiffener comes with a 32 percent increase of the X-bracing ultimate strength due to the yielding of the shear panel and the lack of brace buckling. Also, this connection brings about a 23 percent increase in energy adoption by bracing frame. It is important to note that both connections increase the X-bracing behavior factor compared to the common connection. Yielding ductile shear panel connection not only shows the best stress performance among the connections but also with the lowest costs the X-brace can be repaired by changing mid-connection after the earthquake.

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In thermal barrier coatings (TBC), surface cracks, debonding, and thickness degradation may occur during the manufacturing process or life cycle, leading to poor performance and ultimately a dangerous system failure. The main goal of non-destructive testing of thermal barrier coatings is to detect these defects and determine the health of the coating. Various non-destructive inspection methods have been proposed to evaluate thermal barrier coatings, and due to the numerous advantages of thermography, including high speed, low cost, safety, no need for direct contact, automation capability, and inspection of a large area of ​​the part, this method has received special attention from researchers. This study will present a method for manufacturing samples with different diameters of artificial separation defects. The following is the equipment's arrangement and the sample's thermography process. It was concluded that blackening the surface of the sample by increasing the amount of thermal energy absorption increased the ability to identify separation defects and increased the signal-to-noise ratio by 257%. Finally, by implementing different filters on the recorded raw thermal images, it has been shown that in both cases the best filter in terms of SNR is the median filter and then the Gaussian filter. The background removal filter also had no noticeable effect on increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and acted as a complement to the median and Gaussian filters by reducing the fixed error