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Landowski, the social semiotician, focuses on the subject of discourse and discourse,and thus introduces the concepts of presence,perception, and emotion in semiotics.The fact that enunciation is more important than enunciation provides the basis for phenomenological semiotics.The important problem of the authors of this research is that since in "adaptation"system,we see unity between subjects and "other" or that aspect of "otherness"is not only a passive object but also plays the role of a subject with dynamic interaction.It explores how the semantic process takes shape,and whether it can be argued that the relationship between the subjects is consistent with Landowski's theory of "adaptation."According to the research problem,the authors hypothesize that the perception of meaning is different according to the specific interactions between subjects in social contexts,so the perception of meaning cannot be separate from the context and field of rhetoric,but it is a function of the interaction between subjects in different discourse contexts.The present study has examined the signs of meanings in the ode "Layali al-Manfa"by Mohi-al-Din Fares.The findings indicate that the semantic system governing the discourse of the ode's "negative night"is of the adaptation system.In fact,the interactive and adaptive relationship of the sign system in this poem is such that the meanings of exile,civil war,occupiers are not predetermined and one-sided,but these meanings can be obtained only if the issue of simultaneous presence and interaction of the subject and another to be raised.At the same time,enunciator has used the Apollonian and Dionysian systems, respectively,to make the phenomenon of colonialism and nostalgia unfavorable.
 

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Being a promising component of educational and occupational success, the inclusion of critical thinking in various aspects of schooling has gained momentum in recent years. Therefore, the present study investigated the Iranian 12th grade English language final examinations based on Bloom’s revised taxonomy in terms of “knowledge dimension” and “cognitive process dimension” over the last five years of exam administration. Using a quantitative content analysis design, the items of the aforementioned examinations administered from 2019 to 2023 were analyzed. The findings of the study showed that the frequency of “conceptual knowledge” items in the “knowledge dimension” and “understand” items in the “cognitive process dimension” were significantly higher based on the results of Chi-square test. Moreover, the frequency of items relevant to lower-order thinking skills was found to be considerably higher than that of the items related to higher-order thinking skills, although instances of top cognitive level items could be traced in these examinations. It was also revealed that there was no considerable change with regard to the inclusion of the two dimensions of Bloom’s revised taxonomy over the five years of administration under study. The results of this study can be a fillip for policy makers, textbook developers, and teachers to accelerate the required changes regarding the consideration of inclusion of critical thinking-based tasks in textbooks, lesson plans and examinations.
 

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Aims: The assessment of threats and vulnerabilities of critical infrastructure such as urban water infrastructure can, in many cases, significantly reduce vulnerabilities or minimize the consequences of a threat. The aim of this research was to evaluate the components of the contingency and impact severity of human-oriented and natural-based threats in urban water infrastructure.
Instrument and Methods: In this analytical-descriptive study, a library collection method, including the study of books, research, and domestic and International articles of researchers as well as Internet search was used. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by Hazop model and Friedman test, using SPSS 21 software.
Findings: According to the experts, the highest scores were assigned to terrorism acts and suppression, and, ultimately, human error. The most critical type of threat was recognized as chemical attack, military attack, and drought by the Hazop model. The second threat was rocket attacks, earthquakes, and terrorism. The human error ranked next in critical threats. The military attack and drought were recognized as an unacceptable crisis and the probability of a flood, a military attack (ground) and human error were ranked one to three. The impact severity (damage) of the military attack (ground), earthquake, and chemical pollution were ranked one to three, respectively.
Conclusion: The most critical types of threats are chemical pollution in urban water infrastructure, military attack, and drought and are recognized as unacceptable crisis. The probability of flood, military attack (ground), and human error are ranked one to three, and the impact severity (damage) of the military attack (ground), earthquake, and chemical pollution are ranked one to three, respectively.
 

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Scapegoatig means the indirect transfer of evil and its disposal for a specific or indefinite period of time. Human had variety philosophies to fight against evil, and has employed common tools such as human, animal, objects, etc. Fore this purpose, the present work attempts to explore different ways of scapegoat by referring to the Sahname of Ferdowsi. To this end, after giving a brief introduction about scapegoating, the reasons of humans resort to scapegoating as well as types of scapegoating in Shahname have been studied. Accordingly, there are two forms of scapegoating (direct and in direct), one in Zahhak’s story, and the other in the story of Rostam and Esphandiyar. The present foundamental research is based on library research method, and has used descriptive analysis method.      

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Abstract Placing Informaiton Technology staff in suitable job positions of employees, regarding their skills and knowledge is very important. However, percepting it as a difficult issue or inability in dealing with them leads to superficial, non-scientific and haphazard decisions within enterprises. The very important note in this matter is the large quantity and variety of indicators that affect the recruitment of IT staff, as well as the qualitative, vague and fuzzy nature of employment that makes it difficult to decide about selecting the righ professional. In this paper, after collecting the important criteria in evaluation of eight IT occupational groups, we define intervals for each of core skills in eight IT occupational groups by seeking experts opinions through Fuzzy Delphi technique.In the next step, we design a fuzzy expert system with Matlab fuzzy toolbox for IT personnel selection that its inputs are the score in each skill and the outputs are his/her grade in each IT occupational group. The findings of this research can be useful for managers in employeeing IT professionals and in their purposeful educational planning for IT occupational groups.  

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Employees good placement, regarding their skills and knowledge are issues that there is no doubt in their importance. However taking them difficult or inability in dealing with them, has been led to superficial, non-scientific and decisions without planning in that enterprises. The first step in a good decision making process in this case is identification of important employment criteria and their levels. But highly important are the large number and variety of indicators that affect the recruitment of IT staff. Though their qualitative, vague and fuzzy nature makes it difficult for making decision in IT professional selection. In this paper, after collecting the important criteria in evaluating of eight IT occupational groups, we defined intervals for each of core skills in eight IT occupational groups with asking from experts via Fuzzy Delphi method. At the next step, we designed a fuzzy expert system with Matlab fuzzy toolbox for IT personnel selection that it's inputs are person's score in each skill and uotputs are his/her grade in each IT occupational group. Key words: Selection, General

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Ethics is the most important discussion of each religion. To build a society based on Islamic ​​and ethical values, it is essential for ethics to be considered by society. One of the most important issues in modern organizations management is institutionalizing ethics in organizations. This study is conducted to identify factors influencing the institutionalization of organizational ethics in organizations. To satisfy this purpose, existing literature were reviewed and an interpretive structural modeling were applied to define the relationships between affecting factors of institutionalizing ethics in organizations. To define these relations, opinions of 16 experts at Islamic Management and having at least 5 years work experience as managers at different Public organizations were used. These expert were chose using Snow ball sampling. The results show that the model includes seven factors: culture, code of ethics, selective system, educational system, performance evaluation system, management support and individuals' psychological contract. Creating a code of ethics have a fundamental role because of high driving power and low dependency. Other factors of selective system, educational system, management support and individuals' psychological contract to be high driving power of other factors and are also less dependent on other factors. The performance evaluation system is at the third level and culture is located at the fourth since it has lowest driving power and highest dependency.

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Folkloric fictions are considered as part of cultural heritage of every nation that reflects customs, ideas, traditions, and world view of each nation. Sometimes mythical, cultural and sociological themes are placed in their deep structure. In the recent centuries with growth of technology, many of these oral fictions are going to be endangered, it is important that these fictions be recorded and analyzed before death of their narrators, as far as possible. So, in this study, some fictions of Doshman Zeyari region have collected with field study research methodology and then have analyzed based on mythical, cultural and sociological deep structure. Some mythical, cultural and sociological themes in these fictions are the woman valuable place, emergence of heroin, the battle of drought dragon with rainy year, the relation of horse and moon with fertility, existence of the universe from the cosmic egg, the growth of plant of God’s blood and revealing the secret of slain by the reed that has grown from the blood of slain. On the other hand, we can see the theme of discussed tales in other folkloric tales such as: "Girl and yellow cows "," Mah‌Pishani "," Ajah k m hoo "," Smiling flower "," The secret of the beautiful reed ","The Girls of pomegranate "and" Orange and bergamot "
 
 

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Talisman and breaking talisman in popular caulture of Jabālbārez
Popular culture include beliefs, customs and rituals that are common among the group of people. And has a place in everyday life. Engaging in culture as a factor to connect people that as an essential factor to influence on the character, cohesion and social solidarity, development, evolution and political change. One can not ignore the role of popular culture in finding to find personal attitudes and tastes. Talisman and breaking talisman is one aspect of popular culture. Talisman is the use of some ambiguous and strange shapes, lines and roles. The wizard writes these shapes and line on pelt and paper for a particular purpose
Jabal barez area located in Jiroft of Kerman province, has an intact popular culture for its impracticable ways and special condition. Talisman and breaking talisman is very in this area. The research is fundamental that the authors have collected the data with field work method
Keywords: folklore, Talisman and breaking talisman , Jabal barez area, Jiroft

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Due to the wide applications of gold nanoparticles, there have been great demands for their synthesis recently. Chemical methods produce pure and Non-dispersive nanoparticles, but these are quite expensive and potentially toxic to the environment. It has been suggested that the use of biological organisms and their components could be a suitable alternative for the production of nanoparticle in an eco-friendly manner (green synthesis). Using plant extracts for nanoparticle synthesis can be advantageous over other biological processes because it eliminates the elaborate process of maintaining cell cultures and can also be suitably scaled up for large-scale synthesis. In this study leaf extracts of Water cress, were used for green synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles were formed by treating an aqueous HAuCl4 solution by different amount of plant leaf extract as reducing agent at different temperatures. UV–visible spectroscopy was used for monitoring of the reaction progress. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized with Dynamic light scattering (DLS) size analyzer, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that only a few minutes were required for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles at 60 °C and 80 °C by 1000 μl of plant extract, suggesting appropriate reaction rates in comparable to those of nanoparticle synthesis by chemical methods. TEM images showed that spherical nanoparticles (size, 10–50 nm) were obtained at higher temperatures and leaf broth concentrations. The analysis of FTIR bands show that the Polysaccharides and proteins are probably involved in the bio reduction and synthesis of nanoparticles.

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Objective: The present study investigated the role in transmission of M. tuberculosis strains isolated from tuberculosis patients residing in Northwest (East and West Azarbaijan) of Iran. Materials and Methods: We performed restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis on IS6110 of M. tuberculosis isolated from Northwest Iran. Total of 165 isolates of M. tuberculosis were analyzed by RFLP method. Results: The 5 copies and more IS6110 isolates comprised 30.52% of the total isolates. They formed 16 clustered groups consisting of 2 to 10 cases each. 69.48% of patients had a unique RFLP patterns. Cases from male patients were more clustered than female patients but statistically was not significant (P>0.05). In this study patients with 56 and older age were strongly associated with clustering (59.6%), which were significantly more than younger patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the present study we found old age as a major risk factor in contact dependent transmission of TB compared to disease recurrence. Unemployment and poor living condition were also among the risk factors in transmission of tuberculosis.

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The process of Reduplication, due to its importance, has attracted very much attention from linguists in recent decades The present research aims at describing and analyzing total reduplication processes including added medial and final total reduplication and echo reduplication (changing the initial consonant or vowel of reduplicant) in Ghayeni dialect based on Parallel Optimality Theory (POT), in particular Stratal Optimality Theory (SOT). To this end, the considered reduplicative data were gathered based on Shaghaghi reduplication model (2000, 2018). To analyze some data, we need to predict the correct output through some levels to consider the morphological derivation correctly. Since POT has a one-level (input and output) nature, it is unable to explain some reduplicative data. So, SOT, with no limit on the number and kinds of levels, is used to analyze the medial and final added total reduplication. In the present study, the final added total reduplication is considered in two stem levels in which ONSET is on the top of constraint ranking. Since the final consonant of the base undergoes germination, in the medial added total reduplication using enclitic /o/, two levels of stem and word are required. In the medial added total reduplication, the constraint ranking is only different in stem level (a) because the type of reduplicant (echo or non-echo) is determined in this level. But in the next levels, stem level (b) and word level, which undergoes germination and resyllabification, constraints have the same ranking. The results show that SOT presents a more obvious analysis of the mid-levels in the medial and final added total reduplication.
 

1. Introduction

Reduplication is a syntactic process in which all or part of a base word is repeated (Lieber, 2009). In the Reduplication process, an element (or an affix) is added to the base word, which is called a Reduplicative component, and its form is affected by the base word (Kager, 1999). In this word formation process, all or part of the base word is repeated to the left, right, or sometimes in the middle of the base word, included total reduplication (total reduplication and total added reduplication) and partial reduplication (prefixation, suffixation and infixation). Types of repetition in Persian and its different variants have been considered especially in the framework of parallel optimality theory (OT). The question now is whether reduplicative words can be analyzed in another approach of OT, here the stratal OT, in one of the Persian linguistic variants, the Ghayeni dialect? Ghayeni dialect is spoken in Ghayen. Ghayen is one of the cities of South Khorasan which is limited to Gonabad and Torbat-e Heydariyeh from the north and Birjand from the south. Therefore, among the types of reduplication processes, the aim of the present study is to investigate and analyze the total reduplication process including total non-additive reduplication and total additive reduplication (middle and end) and complete echoic reduplication (by changing the vowel or initial consonant of the reduplicated component) based on the classification of reduplicative process types from the perspective of Shaghaghi (2000, 2018) in Ghayeni dialect according to parallel OT (Prince & Smolensky, 1993/2004) and stratal OT (Kiparsky, 1998a, 2000).

2. Theoretical Framework

Stratal OT is one of the approaches to OT that is made by combining stratal approaches such as morphology and lexical phonology with OT. In the stratal optimality approach, there are different models, the similarity between them is in the variety of layers and there is no limit to the number and type of them. In the optimality approach, there are several layers that are arranged sequentially from input to output. According to Kiparsky, there are three layers in the stratal OT. At the three levels of this approach, the stem first enters the stem level. Inside the stem level, in addition to the stem, a derivative affix or a compound word is added to it. The product of this level enters the word level. At the word level, a second derivative (if any) or inflectional affix is added to the output of the stem level. Finally, at the postlexical level, which is at the phrase level, the words are combined, and what happens at this level is only the study of phonological and morphological changes.

3. Methodology

The research method is a descriptive-field method to test the hypothesis. In this regard, both documentary and field methods have been used in collecting data. In the field method, the researchers recorded the speech of twenty native speakers, mostly illiterate or older than sixty years. Finally, a written corpus containing one hundred reduplicative words and an oral corpus consisting of three hundred sentences were collected. Then one of the authors, who is a native speaker of Ghayeni and has sufficient mastery of its words, extracted reduplicative words based on the dialect. After categorization based on Shaghaghi's (2000, 2018) reduplicative process types, the reduplicative words were transliterated according to the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), Doulos SIL version. Next, by identifying the occurrence or non-occurrence of constraints corresponding to the context of reduplicative words and their ranking, the analysis appropriate to each of the changes was first examined in the framework of the parallel OT.

4. Results and Discussion

The process of repetition has long been one of the interesting topics for linguists as a result of advances in phonological and structural theories (McCarthy, 1979; Marantz, 1982; Kiparsky, 1986; McCarthy & Prince, 1986, 1993, 1995; Spencer, 1991; Haspelmath, 2002; Inkelas & Zoll, 2005). In this section, the types of total non-additive reduplication and total additive reduplication (middle and end) and complete echoic reduplication (by changing the vowel or initial consonant of the reduplicated component) are examined in the framework of parallel OT (Prince & Smolensky, 1993/2004). In cases where the parallel OT is not able to justify the differences between the input and output forms, the stratal OT )Kiparsky, 1998a, 2000( is used. parallel OT is used to justify total non-additive reduplication in Ghayeni dialect. The faithfulness constraint IDENT-BR (Kennedy, 2008) has the highest order, according to which the corresponding base and reduplicated parts must be exactly the same. The two faithfulness constraints of MAX-IO (McCarthy & Prince, 1995), which rejects output deletion, and MAX BR (McCarthy & Prince, 1995), which do not allow any deletion in the reduplicated component, rank higher than *REPEAT (Kennard, 2004) which penalizes the proximity of identical syllables. To examine final total and medial added reduplication, it is necessary to describe the layers and the stages of their formation step by step, so parallel optimal theory (Prince & Smolensky, 1993/2004) is not able to describe this process appropriately, because it has a single-level input-output nature. To explain total reduplication of the final addition based on the stratal OT, two layers must be considered, both of which are at the stem level. At the stem level, word formation is of the derivation and composition type. While at the word level inflectional form (s) of the word is generated. Some types of total medial added reduplications are created by /o/ suffix. In this case, due to the occurrence of the final consonant of the base between the two vowels, that consonant geminates. In Persian, the geminated phoneme is not placed at the end of the syllable, but it can be after the vowel, the geminated phoneme is divided into two syllables (Kord-e Za'faranloo et al. 2016, p.228). To explain total echoic reduplication that changes the beginning of the reduplicated component, three levels must be considered, two stem levels and one word level. Three levels of analysis, two stem levels and one word level, are needed to explain the total echoic reduplication that changes the vowel in the reduplicated component. At the level of stem A, the reduplicated component is echoed to the base, so that its vowel is different from the base vowel.

5. Conclusion

In response to the main question of the research, based on the ability of the stratal OT to justify the changes between input and output forms of reduplicated words in Ghayeni dialect, the results showed that to evaluate the total final and medial added reduplication, the layers and its formation steps needed to be described step by step. Therefore, parallel OT was not considered appropriate due to the monolayer nature of input-output. Thus, stratal OT was used to explain the complete repetition processes of medial (echoic and non-echoic) and final.

For the analysis total reduplication, the final added was assumed to have two layers at the stem level and it was shown that the order of the constraints was different in each layer. In the case of total reduplication, the medial added is geminated due to the linking morpheme /o/. Parallel OT could not justify this change in input and output, so stratal OT was the solution of this analysis and three levels (two stem levels and one word level) were considered. Regarding the explanation of the total medial added reduplication, both echoic and non-echoic, it was observed that the ranking the constraints is different only in the first layer, i.e. the level of stem A, and is the same in the other two layers. The reason for the difference in the first layer is that at this level the type of the reduplicated component is determined to be non-echoic or echoic, and if it is echoic, the onset changes or the vowel. At the other two levels, the addition of the /o/ morpheme, gemination and resyllabification are common in all three types of reduplications. That being said, parallel OT can only handle the analysis of total non-additive reduplication, but is not sufficient for the analysis of total medial and final added reduplication. This confirms the research hypothesis: stratal OT is sufficient to analyze these processes, although the principle of linguistic economics may not be observed.

 

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In the present paper, Molecular Dynamics Simulation (MDS) is performed for Poiseuille flow of liquid Argon in a nanochannel by embedding the fluid particles in an external force with different potential functions. Three types of Lennard-Jones (LJ) potentials are used as interatomistic or molecular models for evaluations of interactions and density, velocity profiles across the channel are investigated. The interatomic potentials are LJ 12-6 potential, LJ 9-6 potential and LJ-Smooth potential. Density and velocity profiles across the channel are investigated. Obtained results show that hydrodynamic characteristics and behavior of flow depends on the type of interaction potential. It is shown that the LJ 9-6 predictions for velocity and temperature are larger than those of LJ12-6 and LJ-Smooth potentials. Also, applying LJ 9-6 results in further calculations time. The results show the effect of interaction force model on the understanding and analyzing of nanoscale flows.

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In this paper, friction of the contacted surfaces with random roughness distribution in nano scale has been modeled and simulated. So, firstly the modified friction model, AMM, was derived for the contact of the flat/rough surfaces based on the JKR contact, HK friction model and random distribution of Greenwood-Williamson (GW) model. The results show, modified AMM model predict higher friction force. It is more accurate than the earlier AMM model due to considering of the surface forces. Following, the obtained model was extended for evaluating of friction between a flat particle and the rough surface, and especially for the tip of the atomic force microscopic on the rough surface. Then the effect of geometric parameters of surface such as standard deviation of the asperities height and radius of the asperities peak on the friction between tip and rough surface was done. It was observed that normal load and friction force are increased with growing of the standard deviation of the asperities height while as the friction coefficient will be reduced. Furthermore, the normal load, the friction force, and also the friction coefficient are raised by increasing of the asperity peak radius. Finally, it was observed that variation of standard deviation of the asperity height has more influence on the friction than the radius of the asperity peak

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The effect of addition of a commercial enzyme derived from Bacillus Polymyxa type IX on Iranian UF-Feta cheese during a 60- day ripening period on chemical composition, pH and proteolysis of cheese samples was investigated. No Significant differences were observed in the chemical composition between experimental and control cheeses. ​​In experimental cheese, pH values were significantly (P< 0.05) higher throughout whole ripening period and at 60d  it was 4.6 and 4.77 in control and experimental cheeses, respectively. Soluble nitrogen in pH=4.6 was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in experimental cheese at 45 and 60d.  At 60d, this index was 6.38 and 7.73% in the control and experimental treatments, respectively. Significant difference in the level of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 12% was also observed at 45 and 60d. Urea- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the pH 4.6-insoluble fractions showed that αs₁-casein was hydrolysed faster than the β-casein. Intact αs₁-casein values from 100 % on the first day reached to 82.93 % and 71.24 % and in β- casein reached to 90.28 and 90.56% at 60d in control and experimental cheeses, respectively. The concentration of total free amino acids in whole ripening period was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in experimental cheese and at the end of the ripening period was 0.68 versus 0.54 in control cheese (mg Glycine/g cheese). Levels of individual free amino acids were also different between treatments.

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Conceptual metaphor theory was an important issue in many areas of the humanities, such as cognitive linguistics, semantics, psychology, analytical philosophy and so on.
 According to this theory the human mind is inherently  understand and states abstract concepts and experiences intangible in terms of metaphors..
 We often think in terms of specific metaphors and even decide,study of conceptual metaphors at different times and in different generations can effectively determine the cognitive patterns.The present study examines a variety of conceptual metaphors in four novels “Savušun ", "my bird", "corridors of Heaven" and "I wish I was Roses"With the goal to achieve the mental patterns women writers and their cognitive style.The research is based on qualitative content analysis approach, so that first metaphorical statements mentioned in novels extracted and then classified and analyzed.
In this study, all three types of metaphor direction, structural and ontological and structural metaphor has the highest frequency.
The concepts of "time", "man", "Life", "Nature", "heart". The most frequency in this novel are the concepts of "relationship", "love", "objecttion," "sad," "disease," "nostalgia", "happiness" of the key concepts and style to the authors.
In statements obtained from the novels explored areas of common origin are: man, machine, track, buildings, birds, product, mountains, sea, container, objects, knitting, food and glue.Data analysis shows that metaphors drawn from the novels studied these writers, in most cases, by the thought of their female identity.

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In order to maintain the quality of pistachio fruit and evaluation of fruits color changes and browning an experiment was conducted as block completely randomizes design as factorial with three factors: perharvest polyamines forms applications: putrescine, spermidine, and spermine at 1 mM; chitosan (0 and 1%) and storage periods (0, 20 and 40 days of storage) with three replications on ‘Akbari’ cultivar. In this study fruits and hull water, hull and shell indices, pigments, hull and kernel phenolic compounds, polyphenol oxidase and antioxidant activity were measured. The results showed that hull and kernel phenolic compounds, polyphenol oxidase, antioxidant activity, anthocyanin, hull water, hull color indices were decreased during storage period and perharvested application of polyamines maintained these traits during storage. Among polyamines, putrescine had the highest influence on these traits compared to spermidine and spermine. The results also showed that chitosan application also maintains hull and kernel phenolic compounds, polyphenol oxidase, antioxidant activity, anthocyanin, hull water, hull color indices in pistachio treated-fruits and untreated-fruits with polyamines during storage. The results also indicated that combined application of putrescine and chitosan had the greatest effect on maintaining pistachio characteristics and reducing the percentage of fruits browning during storage. Therefore, according to the results of this study, the use of putrescine with a concentration of 1 mM before harvest following chitosan coating can plays an important role in maintaining the quality of fresh pistachio fruit during storage.

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Sesame oil samples from cities of Mazandaran province were collected and analyzed for fatty acids composition, iodine value, saponification value, unsaponifiable matter, moisture and sedimentation contents, metal content, free fatty acids, peroxide value, anisidine value, as well as oxidative stability using Rancimat and Schaal oven tests and compared with national standards and international codex standards. Results of the authenticity tests (fatty acids composition, iodine value, saponification value and unsaponifiable matter) and some quality determination tests (iron and copper contents, free fatty acids and peroxide value) were in the ranges of the Codex standard and Iranian national standards for sesame oil. However, 78% of the samples had higher moisture content, 33% of the samples had higher sedimentation content and 11% of the samples had higher lead content than the standards. The average induction period of oxidation at 110 °C was 8.3 hours. The induction period of oxidation in the Schaal oven test was in the range of 21.9-31.9 days. 78% of samples had higher moisture content, 100% had higher free fatty acids content, and 100% showed lower oxidative stability than the national standards of frying and cooking. 22% of the samples showed peroxide value higher than that in national frying oil standard. Though the authenticity of the sesame oil samples from oil extraction stores was verified but the quality parameters of oils did not match the standards, completely. Because of incompatibility of the samples with standards and their low oxidative stability, they were not suitable for frying or long-term storage.